Burnout and life satisfaction: does gratitude intervention make a difference among Chinese school teachers in Hong Kong?

This study investigated the effectiveness of a gratitude intervention programme in promoting life satisfaction and reducing burnout symptoms. Sixty-three Hong Kong Chinese school teachers aged 22–54 participated in an eight-week count-your-blessings study that used a pre-test/post-test design. Increases in life satisfaction and the sense of personal accomplishment and decreases in emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation were observed in the post-intervention assessment. Significant changes were observed on life satisfaction and emotional exhaustion as a result of intervention interacting with the meaningful-life orientation to happiness. These changes favoured teachers who put higher value on the meaningful-life orientation, suggesting that the promotion of a meaningful-life orientation could be an important element in the repertoire of gratitude intervention efforts. Implications of the findings on developing gratitude intervention programmes that focus on human positives and the promotion of gratitude and the meaningful-life orientation in combating teacher burnout are discussed.     

Subjective well-being of Hong Kong Chinese teachers: The contribution of gratitude,forgiveness, and the orientations to happiness

This study investigated whether gratitude and forgiveness contribute to subjective well-being (life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect) above the contribution of the three orientations to happiness in a sample of 143 Hong Kong Chinese teachers. Gratitude and forgiveness correlated substantially and significantly with each other, with the meaningful-life orientation, and with subjective well-being. They explained a substantial amount of variance in the prediction of subjective well-being above orientations to happiness. These findings and the notable contribution of forgiveness to negative affect were discussed in the context of developing effective positive interventions for enhancement of subjective well-being among teachers.     

Gratitude,gratitude intervention and subjective well‐being among Chinese school teachers in Hong Kong

This study assessed the dispositional gratitude and its relationships with orientations to happiness and burnout in a sample of 96 Chinese school teachers in Hong Kong and investigated the effectiveness of an eight‐week gratitude intervention programme using a pre‐test/post‐test design with outcome measures of subjective well‐being in the same sample of teachers. The results indicated that the dispositional gratitude of teachers correlated substantially and positively with a meaningful life orientation to happiness and with personal accomplishment, and correlated substantially and negatively with the two negative components of burnout: emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. The effects of the gratitude intervention were evident in the increase in scores on satisfaction with life and on positive affect, especially for teachers in the low‐gratitude group. Implications of the findings on the relationships between gratitude and burnout and the effectiveness of gratitude intervention for teachers of different levels of dispositional gratitude are discussed.     

Stress among UK academics: identifying who copes best

This article examined levels of stress and associated coping strategies among UK academics. Adopting a positive psychology approach, the influence of the character strengths of hope, optimism, gratitude and self-efficacy on stress, subjective well-being (SWB), and mental health was examined in 216 academics in a UK university. The study explored the relationship between coping styles and the work-coping variables of sense of coherence and work locus of control and stress. No significant differences on the stress, well-being and mental health measures were found for participants’ gender, whether in full-time or part-time employment and level of seniority within the university. Participants using problem-focused coping experienced lower levels of stress while dysfunctional coping was a positive predictor of stress. Hope agency, hope pathway, gratitude, optimism and self-efficacy were the strongest positive predictors of satisfaction with life (SWL), while levels of perceived stress negatively predicted SWL. Gratitude, hope agency and self-efficacy positively predicted positive affect, while stress was a negative predictor. Gratitude, hope agency, self-efficacy and optimism were negative significant predictors of negative affect while stress was a positive predictor. Gratitude positively predicted mental health, while stress was a negative predictor and optimism was a significant moderator of the relationship between stress and mental health. Academics with higher levels of gratitude, self-efficacy, hope and optimism report lower levels of stress at work and higher levels of well-being as measured by higher life satisfaction, higher positive affect and lower negative affect. New approaches to stress management training are suggested based on these findings.     

The development and implementation of the Art of Happiness intervention for community-dwelling older adults

Research has shown that positive psychology interventions can enhance subjective well-being and reduce depression, however, efficacy on older adult populations has not been widely examined. Specifically, subjective well-being, life satisfaction, optimism, and positive emotions have been shown to improve health and longevity. The present study soughts to develop and evaluate an intervention with the goals of enhancing positive mental health among older adults. The Art of Happiness is a theory-based, eight-week intervention that was conducted at three senior centers in the state of Delaware. Each 90-min class examined a different topic including: (1) defining happiness, (2) stress management, (3) reflecting on happiness, (4) compassion and human connection, (5) forgiveness, (6) transforming suffering, (7) mindfulness, and (8) humor. Pre and post questionnaires assessed participant subjective happiness, stress, gratitude, life satisfaction, depression, mindfulness, arousal states, and general demographic and health information. This paper outlines the formative and process evaluation methodology related to the Art of Happiness project.     

Gratitude for teachers as a psychological resource for early adolescents: A mixed-methods study

In this mixed-methods study, we examine students’ gratitude for their teachers and the implications of that gratitude for their psychological adaptation. We report findings that gratitude for teachers (GT) is, in fact, a resource for students facing difficult circumstances outside school. More specifically, our hierarchical multiple regression models demonstrate that this form of gratitude decreases the negative association between adverse life events and students’ life satisfaction. GT also decreases the positive association between negative life events and students’ perceived stress. Then, we use coded material from student interviews to illustrate how they understand the ways that their GT helps them manage challenges in their personal lives. We conclude that students’ GT buffers the negative impact of adverse life events, because it helps students attend to the positive interactions and mentorship they have with their teachers and maintain focus on their future-oriented goals.     

长沙地区四所中学教师主观幸福感调查分析

通过对长沙地区四所中学227名教师进行幸福感问卷调查,结果显示：当前中学教师的主观幸福感处于一般水平。其中,生活满意度的性别、教龄差异不显著。但正性情绪有性别差异与教龄差异;正、负性情绪之间的差异也随教龄变化。教龄越长,负性情绪越多于正性情绪。     

基于积极心理学的"护理心理学"课程改革对军校护理专业本科生主观幸福感的效果评价

目的:对军校护理专业学生进行基于积极心理学的"护理心理学"课程改革,评价干预对提升学生主观幸福感的效果.方法:"护理心理学"课程教学内容中增加积极心理学内容,课程开展期间学生持续2周每日自主记下当天发生的3件让其感到幸福的事情.干预前后采用主观幸福感问卷对某军校护理学专业三年级36名学生的生活满意度、积极态度和消极态度进行两次测量.结果:干预前后学生的积极态度有明显差异(t=-2.172,p=0.037),生活满意度和消极态度无明显差异.结论:基于积极心理学的"护理心理学"课程改革有效提升了军校护理专业学生的积极态度.     

Forgiveness,Gratitude and Subjective Well-Being Among Filipino Adolescents

This study examines the influence of forgiveness and gratitude on life satisfaction and subjective well-being among Filipino adolescents. Two hundred and ten (210) Filipino college students were recruited as respondents for the empirical inquiry. Results indicated that gratitude served as the most robust determinant of well-being after controlling demographic characteristics and forgiveness dimensions. Most importantly, gratitude and forgiveness of self, which is a dimension of forgiveness, predicted subjective well-being beyond the influence of the Big Five personality factors. These findings strengthened the empirical evidence that moral traits would have unique contributions on subjective well-being, even after controlling the impact of Big Five personality factors. Implications of the results are discussed in the context of counseling.     

大学生主观幸福感与心理健康关系的研究

采用实证调查的方法,研究大学生主观幸福感和心理健康的状况。结果表明:大学生的生活满意度水平较高,正性情感和负性情感则均处于中等水平;大学生主观幸福感和SCL-90有显著的相关关系,生活满意度和负性情感以及生活满意度的各因子与SCL-90及其各因子也均具有显著的相关关系;主观幸福感水平可作为心理健康的一个重要预测源,同样心理健康水平也可预测被试者的幸福感水平。     

大学生主观幸福感与应对方式的关系研究

探讨大学生主观幸福感与应对方式之间的关系.方法:采用主观幸福感问卷和应对方式量表对637名大学生进行调查.结果:(1)大学生的生活满意度和幸福感水平居中,而正性情感和负性情感都较高.大学生的主观幸福感存在性别差异、专业差异和城乡差异,但不存在年级差异.(2)主观幸福感与应对方式显著相关,其中积极应对方式与主观幸福感呈正相关,而消极的应对方式与主观幸福感呈负相关.结论:积极的应对方式有助于提高幸福感,而消极的应对方式则会降低主观幸福感.     

大学生人格特质、心理弹性与主观幸福感的关系

采用人格特质、心理弹性与主观幸福感问卷对552名大学生进行了调查,探讨了大学生人格特质、心理弹性与主观幸福感的关系。结果表明:外倾性与心理弹性、生活满意度、积极情绪为显著正相关,与消极情绪成显著负相关;神经质与与心理弹性、生活满意度、积极情绪为显著负相关,与消极情绪成显著正相关;精神质与各维度相关均不显著。心理弹性对人格特质与主观幸福感有中介影响作用。     

The hierarchy of strengths: Their relationships with subjective well-being among Chinese teachers in Hong Kong

This study investigated the hierarchy of strengths in a sample of 228 Chinese prospective and in-service teachers in Hong Kong. Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for a hierarchical model with 24 first-order factors of strengths subsumed under six second-order factors of strength domains. Teachers who reported greater life satisfaction, experiencing more positive and less negative emotions tended to be those with higher levels of emotional strengths and strengths of hope and zest. Implications of the findings on the relationships between strengths and subjective well-being for helping teachers to promote and cultivate strengths to combat teacher stress and burnout are discussed.     

辅导员主观幸福感现状与自我和谐关系研究

辅导员的心理健康水平不仅影响他们自身的身心健康和生活满意度,而且对大学生的健康成长与发展有着重要的影响。本项研究采用主观幸福感问卷和自我和谐量表对山东、辽宁5所高校的142名辅导员进行调查。研究发现普通高校辅导员目前主观幸福感总体来说处于中等水平;不同学历、职称、工作年限的辅导员,他们的生活满意度存在着较大差异。     

当代大学生感恩倾向与总体幸福感的关系研究

总体幸福感是衡量个体心理健康水平的重要心理品质。许多研究发现,总体幸福感与个体感恩倾向有密切联系。当代大学生的总体幸福感以及感恩倾向的问卷调查分析显示:幸福感中的3个分维度——生活的满足和兴趣、精力以及愉快或忧郁的心境与感恩倾向显著相关;感恩倾向对生活的满意度、精力以及忧郁或愉快的程度有正向预测作用。     

合肥市小学校聘教师主观幸福感的调查研究

通过对合肥市10所小学的120名小学教师的主观幸福感状况进行调查,研究表明：合肥市小学校聘教师总体上属于中等偏上水平,与在编教师在总体满意度上差异不明显,但在收入福利及社会支持满意度上校聘教师显著低于在编教师;不同性别、不同婚姻状况、不同学科、不同教龄的校聘教师在各维度均无显著性差异,但随着年龄增长,主观幸福感呈下降趋势。此项调查研究结果对提高当下小学校聘教师主观幸福感指数有一定的借鉴意义。     

Life satisfaction among highly achieving students in Hong Kong: do gratitude and the ‘good-enough mindset’ add to the contribution of perfectionism in prediction?

This study investigated whether gratitude and the ‘good-enough mindset’ added to the contribution of perfectionism in predicting life satisfaction in 245 Chinese highly achieving students in Hong Kong. Participants completed self-report questionnaires that included scales on life satisfaction, positive and negative perfectionism (perfectionistic striving and perfectionistic concerns), gratitude and the good-enough mindset. Measures of gratitude and the good-enough mindset explained a substantial amount of unique variance in the prediction of life satisfaction in addition to the contribution of age and measures on positive and negative perfectionism. Implications of the findings for integrating gratitude and the good-enough mindset in the development of effective positive interventions to cope with negative perfectionism in youth and adolescents are discussed.     

初中聋生社会适应行为与主观幸福感的关系

为探讨初中聋生社会适应行为与主观幸福感状况及两者之间的关系,本研究采用主观幸福感量表和中学聋生社会适应量表对145名在校初中聋生进行调查。结果发现:初中聋生主观幸福感的总体情况好于中等水平;初中聋生社会适应行为总体状况低于中等水平;在社会适应行为的四个维度中,学业能力、寻求社会支持、亲社会行为与生活满意度、正性情感存在显著正相关,与负性情感存在显著负相关;学业能力是生活满意度与正性情感最主要的预测因素,且起显著的正向预测作用,具有跨年级的稳定性;寻求社会支持、亲社会行为也对生活满意度起着正向预测作用。     

大学生主观幸福感的现状及与感恩关系的研究

在积极心理学视阈下,为了考察大学生主观幸福感的基本状况及其与感恩之间的关系,采用问卷法调查了582名在校大学生。结果表明:(1)大学生主观幸福感处于中等偏上水平,并存在显著的性别、年级、独生子女与否、生源地、家庭经济状况、健康状况等方面的差异;(2)大学生主观幸福感与感恩呈显著正相关。     

汉羌彝青少年主观幸福比较研究

探讨民族对青少年主观幸福感的作用特点．采用青少年主观幸福感量表测量了900名汉、羌、彝族青少年的主观幸福感现状,并进行了不同层次的分析．结果表明：汉、羌、彝族青少年的主观幸福感属中等偏上水平．在整体生活满意度、家庭满意度、学校满意度上,彝族青少年均显著高于汉、羌族青少年（P〈0．01）;在学业满意度上,羌族和彝族青少年显著高于汉族青少年（P〈0．01）;在自由满意度上,羌族青少年明显低于彝族青少年（P〈0．05）;在负性情感上,彝族青少年的消极体验显著高于汉、羌族青少年（P〈0．001）．友谊、学校、学业和自由满意度在年级之间和学习成绩优、良、中、差之间均有显著差异,环境满意度在青少年母亲职业上有主效应,主观幸福感各因子在性别、父母亲受教育程度和从事职业上主效应均不明显．从交互作用看,主观幸福感的不同维度在性别与年级、性别与学习成绩、年级与学习成绩之间和青少年父母亲受教育程度、父母亲职业之间的交互作用明显,主观幸福感各维度在性别、年级和学习成绩之间均无交互作用．