就脊柱弯曲的矫正谈气功的效用

学校学生的脊柱弯曲的问题,很久以来就是学校迫切要解决的课题,也是家长们的一个精神负担。经了解,有关气功治疗脊柱弯曲疗效方面的研究是很少的。我将气功的导引与实验用于健康的诊断法已达数万人,然而矫正脊柱的弯曲还是初步尝试。由于每个人的腰椎的高度与腰角不在同一个水平面上,而且差异还很大。每当患者其肩的高度处于右左不同的     

基于ANSYS的齿轮静态有限元分析

本文建立了直齿圆柱齿轮平面和实体有限元模型,并进行了静力分析,确定了齿轮的最大应力图、最大应变图和变形云图。结果表明：齿轮的失效首先在齿根出现,利用所得结果可进行齿轮齿根弯曲疲劳强度以及齿面接触疲劳强度校核,为齿轮传动的优化设计提供了基础理论。     

直腿后滚翻教学存在的问题及对策

<正>在直腿后滚翻练习中,学生往往容易出现后坐腿弯曲、动作脱节、翻转不起来等现象,从而影响到学生的练习兴趣和对技术动作的正常学习。在此,根据多年的教学经验,笔者对在直腿后滚翻教学中常见的问题和对策进行了探讨。问题一:后坐腿弯曲原因:直腿意识不强,后坐腿没有主动伸直。对策:采用限制性练习。在学生膝关节后面借助橡皮筋捆绑上硬质物质,如,硬纸板、     

“弯曲”杠铃杆的合理利用

杠铃杆由于平时负荷过重,超出了其承受能力,会在中间或两端夹片处出现不同程度的弯曲,呈现出倒V形或W形的弯曲程度（如图1）。弯曲的杠铃杆再上大力量时,两端的杠铃片容易下滑,是比较危险的,因此很多人就不用了。其实,弯曲的杠铃杆进行小力量练习时,将变废为宝,依然是很好的训练器材。     

河北省竞技体育后备人才培养状况研究

<正>本文从河北省运动员、教练员的管理、场地设施等问题出发,深刻解析了河北省竞技体育后备人才培养过程中出现的问题,并结合实际情况,提出了相应的解决对策,为河北省竞技体育后备人才培养工作的可持续发展提供参考依据。1研究对象与方法1.1研究对象本文以河北省竞技体育后备人才培养现状为研究对象。1.2研究方法1.2.1文献资料法在首都体育学     

山东省部分师范类高校女生身体素质发展情况的调查研究

本文运用文献法、调查法和数理统计等多种研究方法,以山东省六所师范类高校大学女生为研究对象,对高校女生身体素质现状进行了调查研究。研究结果表明当前师范类大学女生身体素质存在下降趋势。最后本文针对学生身体素质存在的问题提出了相应的建议。     

多功能坐位体前屈训练器的制作和使用方法

<正>坐位体前屈是用于反映人体柔韧性的测试项目,也是《国家学生体质健康标准》测试项目之一。学生在标准的坐位体前屈测试仪器上测试时,双腿容易弯曲,双手不能同步前伸,经过不断的课堂实践和反思改进,笔者自制了多功能坐位体前屈训练器。它不仅解决了测试时学生双膝容易弯曲的问题,也能很好地完成测试,又充分挖掘器材的多种功能,真正做到了一物多用。一、多功能坐位体前屈训练器的制作方法(一)准备材料     

读者来信

小M你好： 我的450级模型直升机最近出了点问题,希望得到你的解答。这架450级模型直升机只“炸”过一次机,之后更换了横轴,而主轴、旋翼和尾桨轴未见弯曲,使用辉盏9g舵机。     

离子交换器在核电M310机组中的应用

本文通过对影响离子交换器原理的因素进一步研究,进而对核电机组中所遇问题进行深入分析,并得到了相应的应对措施,为离子交换器的运行提供了运行经验,也为解决离子交换器问题提供了分析方法。     

沈阳市业余足球联赛现状调查研究

本文主要运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、数理统计法等研究方法,对沈阳市业余足球联赛进行调查研究,通过研究发现,沈阳业余足球联赛有了相当大的规模,参赛队伍多、社会影响大,取得了很好的成绩。但是也存在着一些问题,如球队管理不正规、裁判员水平低、球队经费不足、足球暴力增多等问题,本文主要针对这些问题提出了一些合理化建议,希望为促进沈阳市业余足球联赛的发展提供一些帮助。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

对欧洲足球技战术发展趋势的思考

结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。