Design and modeling of the CVT for adjustable inerter

In this paper we investigate an inerter equipped with a prototype continuously variable transmission (CVT) designed for the novel tuned mass damper. Inerter enables stepless changes of inertance via varying transmission ratio of the CVT. The main difference from classical inerter is addition of CVT, hence we present its design and properties in details. Motion of the proposed CVT is oscillatory and we test it for the actual working conditions. We derive the mathematical model of the system that include dissipation via dry friction. We analyse the actual transmission ratio, internal motion resistances and identify the inertia of CVT components using energy conservation method and validate further. Finally, we apply actual working conditions and compare the experimental and numerical exciting torques of the CVT. We obtain good agreement between them, hence the proposed model is robust and gives reliable results.     

考虑低碳的冷链物流车辆配送路径优化

基于冷链物流车辆配送节能减排的必要性,在考虑车速、距离、载重量等影响因素的情况下,建立以碳排放量最低为目标的配送路径优化模型,运用蚁群算法进行路径优化,并与总路程数最短为目标的模型进行比较。从而对政府和冷链物流企业提出建议,激励企业选择低碳化的配送路径,对提高企业的经济效益和社会效益都有重要意义。     

基于哈肯模型的省域间碳效率与国家质量基础设施（NQI）协同发展演化机制

实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标是我国应对全球气候变化和推动经济社会绿色转型的重要指导纲领,国家质量基础设施（NQI）建设能为实现“双碳”目标提供重要制度保障和技术支撑。本文首先分析了我国省域层面低碳发展水平和国家质量基础设施的研究现状,随后在省域层面针对碳排放控制效率与NQI低碳建设应用构建起“碳效率指数”和“NQI低碳应用指数”指标变量为基础的耦合系统模型,再运用哈肯模型借助协同演化理论与序参量识别方法实证分析我国现阶段省域层面碳排放控制与NQI建设的协同演化关系,最后确定碳排放效率控制作为耦合系统序参量主导着地区低碳发展进程,省域NQI低碳应用建设作为快变量能够产生重要影响。     

Energy management strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles based on approximate dynamic programming and velocity forecast

In parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), the power split between the engine and the electric motor as well as the gear shift in the gearbox determines the overall energy efficiency. In this paper an adaptive energy management strategy with velocity forecast is proposed to optimize the fuel consumption in parallel HEVs, which is formulated into a mixed-integer optimization problem. Approximate dynamic programming with a novel actor-gear-critic design is presented for simultaneously controlling the power split and gear shift online. The power split as a continuous variable is determined from an actor network to realize the energy distribution between two power sources. The gear shift as a discrete variable is obtained from a gear network to adjust the gear ratio in the gearbox. The concept enables an online learning of the energy management strategy for different driving behaviors without the requirement of a system model and the driving cycle. Simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy achieves close fuel economy compared with the optimal solutions resulting from dynamic programming. Furthermore, a multi-stage neural network is introduced for velocity forecast, providing a computationally efficient training framework with good prediction performance. The velocity prediction is finally combined with the energy management strategy for an effective application and fuel economy.     

新疆兵团棉花生产技术效率及影响因素分析

生产技术效率是影响农业生产的重要因素之一。以新疆生产建设兵团棉花种植户为研究对象,通过相关数据统计,运用随机前沿分析方法 (SFA)探讨兵团棉花种植过程中的生产技术效率及其影响因素。研究结果表明,纵观10余年的兵团棉花生产,其生产过程中存在着一定程度的技术效率损失;进一步分析发现,棉花种植过程中的用工数量、投入的直接费用和相关的时间变量对兵团职工种植过程中的生产技术效率都具有显著的正效应,而棉花机采比重、种籽费用的相关投入比率和政策性的影响因素虽然对技术效率有正的影响,但影响不显著。进而提出应加强兵团棉花种植过程中的农技推广与田间管理、加大对兵团农业的补贴力度、推广棉花种植过程中的全程机械化、完善现有的兵团管理制度、发展兵团特色的可循环绿色环保棉花产业等政策性建议。     

Another pathway to complementarity: How users and intermediaries identify and create new combinations in innovation ecosystems

The value that users might derive from products and services increasingly depends on their complementarity with other products and services. Whereas prior work has emphasized how firms and complementors design for complementarity, we shift attention to how complementarity arises in use. This study is situated in the smart home market where digital products offer an unbridled range of conceivable combinations, and users may combine products in their system of use that are not initially designed for complementarity. Through a multi-method multiple case study, we distinguish a user pathway besides a producer pathway to establishing complementarity. Complementarity presupposes both the identification of complementary combinations as well as creating technical compatibility between products. In the producer pathway, firms focus mostly on creating technical compatibility while in the user pathway, users identify complementary combinations that go beyond those foreseen by firms. Intermediary toolkits can assist users in creating combinations, and we find that, ultimately, the user pathway also facilitates the producer pathway. Our findings offer insights into the important role of users and intermediaries in innovation ecosystems and extend the scope of user innovation.     

Reuse of knowledge by efficient data analytics to fix societal challenges

Technology-intensive industries spend huge resources in the production of products to commercialize successful products. If the appetite on the market continues to change, the capacity to rapidly and cost-effectively refresh the offerings is an important competitive advantage. Even if components and designs need to be modified as new models are released, their underlying technology and designs can generally be reused to allow rapid economic development. Data are considered an important raw material that can influence multidisciplinary analysis, government, and business efficiency. In this paper, the Efficient data analytics (EDA) method has been suggested to fix societal challenges. The proposed methods aim to share the authors' views and perspectives on the emerging opportunities and challenges of the efficient data revolution.EDA provides four key aspects of technology reuse: strategy, method, culture, and information technology. The dimensions are further broken down into concepts supporting this technology reuse, including design on the technology platform and the reuse assessments. In practice, the system can evaluate an organization's existing reuse capabilities and offer an overall theoretical review of activities promoting technology reuse. To prove the system's concepts, industrial scenarios highlighting real questions of technological growth are used. Besides, the possible societal benefits of EDA in six ways are illustrated: enhanced decision management and incident prediction, data-informed technologies and innovative market models, direct social and climate benefits, community engagement, accountability, and public trust. Some best practice is suggested to capture these advantages. The experimental results suggested EDA increases reusability knowledge in the organization (96.3%), operational cost (95.1%), prediction ratio (97.4%), Community engagement ratio (94.1%), and public trust (98.5%).     

FCKeditor在ASP.NET中的应用

FCKeditor是一种功能强大的开源在线文本编辑器（DHTML editor）,它使我们在Web环境中也可以进行复杂的文本编辑。讨论了FCKeditor在ASP.NET环境中的基本应用,并给出了一些扩展应用的方法。     

基于工程测绘中GPS测绘技术的研究

随着我国科学技术的不断发展和提高,我国自动化处理以及数字化采集等相关的覆盖系统得到了一定程度上的实现,从而使GPS测绘技术在工程测量中得到了较为广泛的应用。其中,GPS测绘技术在实际使用的过程中,具有高时效、高精度以及高标准的特点,对工程测绘服务项目的扩大以及工作效率的提高都具有一定的促进作用。本文通过对GPS测绘技术的具体特点进行简要分析,结合实际情况,对工程测绘中GPS测绘技术的实际应用提供几点参考意见。     

基于SD演化博弈的政府投资工程质量飞检率仿真

为提高政府投资工程质量监管效率,降低道德风险,在提出质量飞检模式的基础上,将系统动力学和演化博弈动态复制理念相结合,针对飞检单位、承包商和监理单位的三方博弈行为建立了SD演化博弈模型并反映了三方主体相互影响路径,分析表明不存在演化稳定均衡点。同时通过SD演化博弈对最优飞检率进行仿真,结果显示最优飞检率和飞检样本总量并无关联,且在该飞检率下承包商的履约程度可达最大值。最后从飞检时间的随机性和不备性、组织构成、内容等方面对质量飞检模式的应用提出了相应的管理提升建议。     

油菜高油分育种的前景与问题探讨

增产菜籽的油的途径除扩大种植面积、提高单位面积产量外，提高菜籽的含量油量潜力很大，选育和推广高油分对提高单位面积产油量有着重大意义，环境条件对含油量也有一定，岙 选育适于特定生态条件下的高油分品种，更是提高单位面积产油量的重要手段，应用和推广高油分品种必须制定合理的价格政策，实行优质优价；建立优质良种繁育基地；成片种植并加强管理。     

基于专利分析的北京新能源汽车产业现状与对策研究

由于战略性新兴产业的"新兴"性,决定了采用产业方面的经济数据很难把握其现状;而另一方面,由于战略性新兴产业的"技术"性,决定了从技术角度把握其现状更具有意义。专利是反映产业技术特性的重要指标,因此,本文提出了采用专利分析方法,从专利数量、专利IPC分布和专利申请人分布等角度分析北京发展新能源汽车产业的优势、劣势、机会和挑战,最后针对SWOT分析提出北京发展新能源汽车的对策建议。     

一种面向烟草行业的MES解决方案

本文通过对烟草行业的生产特点进行分析,指出目前烟草行业在生产管理中存在的问题,提出一种面向烟草行业的MES解决方案,并根据这一解决方案,设计了针对烟草行业的MES产品。通过实际生产应用,证明这一解决方案对烟草行业的生产和管理效率的提高起到很大作用,具备一定实用性。     

A convex approach to trajectory optimization for boost back of vertical take-off/vertical landing reusable launch vehicles

In this paper, a convex optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the online trajectory optimization problem of boost back of vertical take-off/vertical landing reusable launch vehicles. To achieve high-precision landing of launch vehicles, trajectory optimization of the boost-back flight phase considering the accuracy of entry is carried out, especially in emergencies. The trajectory optimization problem is formulated as an optimal control problem with minimum fuel consumption, and then it is transformed into a series of convex optimization subproblems, which can be solved by primal-dual interior-point method accurately and rapidly. During the transformation, flip-Radau pseudospectral discretization method, lossless convexification and successive convexification technology are applied. To drive the vehicle to predetermined entry points at the expected velocity, terminal constraints are expressed as orbital constraints of the endpoint in the boost-back flight phase. Considering the influence of Earth's rotation, the right ascension of the ascending node of the target orbit is updated according to the time and true anomaly at the end of the boost-back flight phase. Furthermore, the homotopy method is applied to the situation where there is no good initial guess when emergency happens. The algorithm presented in this paper performs well upon the simulation experiments of mission change and thrust decline. With good accuracy, high computational efficiency, and excellent robustness, the convex approach proposed has a great potential for onboard application in reusable launch vehicles and other space vehicles.     

财政分权、地方政府效率与区域创新

文章利用1999—2016年30个省份的面板数据,检验财政分权对地区创新的影响,并将政府效率因素纳入框架,以深入探讨财政分权的创新驱动绩效。结果表明,地方财政分权在区域创新发展中发挥了积极作用。进一步地,地方财政资源支持创新的有效程度离不开政府运作效率的影响,将政府运作效率保持在合理区间,是发挥财政分权促进地区创新的一大条件。特别的,调整地方财政力量支持导向,是促成地区有竞争力创新驱动的重要路径。此外,建构一个适配创新产出转化成为切实经济、社会福利的基础条件,是当前创新驱动发展的必由之路。     

基于电动汽车创新技术应用的碳减排潜力分析

基于创新技术应用对电动汽车能量转化效率、轻量化以及行驶里程提升的定量分析结果,以广东省乘用车市场为主体,分析到2025年电动汽车创新技术应用的碳减排潜力。分析结果表明电动汽车的创新技术应用对于碳减排有着积极影响,考虑2020—2025年广东省新增纯电动乘用车普及应用创新技术及结合创新运营模式,可累计减少CO₂排放量310 814t。最后从优化电力生产结构、创新技术推广、充电基础设施建设和政策支撑等方面提出了推广电动汽车创新技术发展、发掘碳减排潜力的对策与建议。     

AMT项目可变资源利用效率的DEA评价

可变资源利用效率的评价是先进制造技术(AMT)项目投资优化的关键环节。文中针对AMT项目多投入和多产出的特点,分析了影响AMT项目可变资源利用效率的各类因素,构建了AMT项目资源利用效率的评价指标体系。利用数据包络分析(DEA)方法,建立了AMT项目资源利用效率评价模型。通过模型的求解,得出可变资源利用效率的整体状况,并得到可以调整资源投入量使资源利用率达到最佳状态的结果。同时,根据敏感度分析结果,给出了影响企业可变资源利用效率的几个重要因素,给开发AMT的企业提供建设性建议。最后通过实例分析,验证了模型方法的有效性和可行性。     

Sample Stability of Periodically Correlated Pulse Trains

The sample stability of an important class of pulse trains is considered. Because the pulse trains may not be stationary, the classical results concerning stability are not applicable; however, by using the fact that the moments of the pulse trainsare periodic, it can be shown that the sample average always converges in stochastic mean and that, under suitable additional restrictions the convergence may be taken to be with probability 1. The limit in both cases is a well-defined random variable for which an explicit expression is given. These results extend some earlier work in which a more restricted class of pulse trains has been treated.     

断句技巧在大学英语阅读教学中的应用

阅读历来都是语言教学中最重要的组成部分,培养大学生具有较强的阅读能力一直是大学英语教学的首要目标,但阅读同时也是许多英语学习者的“一道坎儿”。在大学英语阅读教学中加入阅读技巧的讲解和训练能让语言学习者达到事半功倍的效果。基于“顺句驱动”原则的断句技巧便于学习者清晰地了解句子的结构,迅速抓住语篇的具体信息,加强对语篇的理解,从而提高阅读速度和理解能力。     

基于超效率DEA模型的我国通信服务业上市公司效率评价

本文运用数据包络分析（DEA）方法中的超效率模型和BCC模型,对于我国通信服务业其中的17家上市公司的相对有效性进行了较为全面而客观的评价。首先利用DEA超效率模型对于DEA有效的决策单元进行了排序,其次利用BCC模型对于非DEA有效的决策单元进行了投影分析,并最后提出了进行有效性调整的对策建议。