An Analysis on the Cultural Factors that Affect People’s Perceptions:A Case Study

The intention of this present paper is to explore the relationship between culture and perception and the cultural factors that affect people’s perceptions from different cultural backgrounds. This study is based on a case, which is a news report about the cultural conflict between an old Chinese father and her daughter who has been living in Canada for eight years. Detailed information has been acquired by the author using relative books, journals as well as her own understanding and interpretation. It is concluded that to be aware of the cultural factors is of great importance to understand why people from different cultures have quite different perceptions toward the same thing, which can help to reduce the conflicts and misunderstandings in intercultural communication.     

The Impact of Cultural Context on Metaphorical Meaning in English and Chinese

Metaphor is a phenomenon of language use which is the most active and most able to reflect the cultural factor. Cultural context has a restrictive effect on the metaphorical meaning. Therefore, the understanding and use of metaphor must not be divorced from the underlying cultural context. This paper analyzes similarities and dissimilarities of metaphorical meaning and images in English and Chinese from the perspective of cultural context. The research of metaphor of cultural context would enable us to better understand metaphor and have a successful communication.     

A Brief Analysis of The Holy Bible’s Impact on the Connotative Meanings of Color Terms and their Applications in Literatures

The Holy Bible,as one of major sources of Western Culture,has a great influence on the Christian culture and Christian thoughts.Because language is a carrier of culture,the English study will be water without a source and a tree without roots if we ignore The Holy Bible which is the core of Christianity.To study English demands not only grammar and vocabulary,but also the culture behind the language.A brief analysis of connotative meanings of color terms,which are influenced by The Holy Bible and applied in literatures,will be given,in order to offer some help to English learners to know the connotations of color terms better,to understand literatures more profoundly and to have a general feeling about the impact which The Holy Bible has on language.     

On the Culture Elements in Translation

As a form of cultural exchanges,it isn’t avoidable for translation and culture to be closely connected and influenced by each other.In the translation process,target work is influenced by all kinds of cultural elements so that target work is different from source work in some degree.The content of source work remains the same,but the form of that is changed more or less as the result of the target language culture.Sometimes the culture of the source language and that of the target language may be on equal footing complementary but sometimes they might be unequal because of their different position of comparative advantages,one culture is neglected.The cultural elements of translator have a great influence on the target work.The target work is the recreation of the translator.     

On the Relation between Cultures and Discourse Systems

Owing to the development of new technology and information systems, the earth has become into a ＂global village＂ and the contacts among people become more frequent and significant. When different people from different races, nationalities, or backgrounds meet together, because of culture diversity, they often behave in different ways that are not understood by the others. Hence the study of intercultural communication is very important. Traditionally the study is based upon cultures that are shared by larger cultural groups, such as Orientation-culture, Western culture, European culture, African culture, Chinese culture, American culture, or even high-context culture and low-context culture. Since this kind of division easily leads to stereotyping and exaggeration of the positive or negative values of a certain cultural group, in recent years, the study has been focused on discourses, which are sub-grouping cultures such as corporate discourse, professional discourse, generational discourse and gender discourse. Discourse systems are smaller than whole cultures and tend to take on somewhat more homogeneous characteristics, if not ideological unity. In this paper, we give definitions of culture and discourse, and mainly focus on how diverse cultural issues influence communicators＇ perception and behaviors in different social or professional discourses. All our efforts on this study aim at successful communication.     

A New Pattern to Research the Learning:From Phenomenography and Constructivism Perspective——The Case of Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts

This essay is trying to explore how the arts students experience the teaching and learning context in the English class of the col lege from the phenomenography perspective.The qualitative research methodology of phenomenography has traditionally required a man ual sorting and analysis of interview data.To study the teaching and learning context,the qualitative research method will be applied,and the data collection will base on the face-to-face interview.There are 8 sophomores were interviewed after they had one year study in col lege.The research findings reveal that most student in interview gradually get used to college English class,but never think about changing their learning approach even they study one year in a totally different teaching and learning environment.     

Cultural Components in EFL Textbooks

The appraisal of textbooks not only before selection, but also after they have been used, is a valuable exercise for any teacher. It provides a greater perception of the book’s strengths and weaknesses, which enables the teacher to focus on the weak points and adapt or supplement them accordingly. The paper will provide a detailed evaluation of an EFL textbook focusing on cultural assumptions considering the cultural content and methodology with reference to a specific teaching context by discussing the various aspects of culture reflected in the various components as well as the type of methodology and syllabus design the book follows. Finally, implication and adaptation of this textbook will be argued.     

A Brief Analysis on the Relationship of Language,Culture and Translation

In recent years,it has become a hot topic for researchers to explore the relationships between language and culture,language and translation,or culture and translation.Indeed,the three aspects are inseparable.Language is the carrier of culture and also restricted by culture.Translation mostly takes place between languages and it is a kind of cross-linguistic and intercultural communicative activity.While translating,it is necessary to understand thoroughly the two languages,but also two cultures and cultural differences between them.In this paper,I firstly give a general review on both the conception of language,culture and translation and their relationship and then discussed the interaction and blending separately from the two phenomena of culture-orientation in translation and translation under culture context.Since culture is transmitted mostly by language,cultural elements and factors should be taken into consideration in translation practices.To achieve the goal of translation in a real sense,translation practices should be based on the principle of processing the discourse of source language and target language under the perspective of its cultural context.     

Teacher and Culture Mediator:A Reflection on Teaching English Listening through American Materials

This essay is to help TESOL teachers to think about their importance of being the cultural mediators and how to be good mediators as well.Firstly,in this article,some concepts about language,culture and the connections between them are intro duced.Then it explores why it is important for English teachers to view themselves as cultural mediators and in what way they are cultural mediators.Finally,the study reflects on the situation in a tertiary teaching context.     

On Culture and Culture Study

Culture study has become a new trend in the acdamic fields, no matter what you are involved in is literature study, social study or the image study. People more and more focus their attention on cultural phenomena. While to what is culture in nature, pepole have different perspectives.Compared with the conception of society, the nature of culture is illustrated in the paper, and it is furthered to analyze how to define the scope and object of the cultural study.     

Subjective theory： A culture comparison concerning well-being

The matter of this study comparing four cultures （China, Germany, France and Bulgaria） is the influence of cultural patterns on subjective life satisfaction. The qualitative results are presented in this report. They show that there are culturally specific tendencies as well as cross-culturally comprehensive ones. A vision of paradise and a general idea of what is luck exist in all cultures, while the specific characteristics of these concepts differ from culture to culture.     

Aplogizing Comparison between English and Chinese Culture

Language and environment influence each other crossly.Comparing Australian and Chinese culture and language environment,it is not hard to find that they belong to totally opposite different way.From the point of context,the former is low-context and the latter is a traditionally much high-context culture country.In this essay,the different ways and understanding of apology will be explored.Also,analysis of the types,influences,is involved the apologies and the differences in the selection of the apology strategies between English and Chinese.The interesting research is gender influencing the apologies choosing,which will be discussed at the last of assignment.     

An Important Role Culture Plays in Communicative Learning

This paper presents a study of the effects of cultural background on the communicative approach exemplified by the teaching of Integrated Skills of English (ISE).It proceeds from the interpretation of culture in fight of linguis tic and pedagogic perspectives, then target on how cultural knowledge affects the communicative approach with the actual examples from ISE,and concludes that greater importance should be attaehed to EFL teaching     

英汉翻译中的词语选择

To those whose interest is in translation, an important topic for study is the choice of words. As lexicon is the mostactive and the liveliest component of a language, in the course of translation, due attention must be given to the analysis andcomparison of words and phrases before a suitable word or phrase is chosen to convey the meaning in the original version.Meanwhile, English words and phrases are rich and the same words or phrases may be different in meaning in a certain context,therefore, the diction in translation from English to Chinese is undoubtedly a matter of importance.     

An Analysis of the Variation of Euphemism Under Register Theory

The euphemism is a phenomenon of language variation with different language varieties. And this phenomenon is closely related with social context. Register, as a concrete representation of context, especially its tenor of discourse, makes great influence on what kind of euphemism and what level of euphemism people will use to achieve effective communication. Therefore, euphemism as language variation will be analyzed from the perspective of tenor of discourse in Halliday’s Register Theory in order to enhance learners’ pragmatic awareness and pragmatic competence when learning English euphemism or in daily communication.     

National Slurs on Dutch

National slur is a linguistic form expressing unequal treatment of one ethnic group by another.It is the direct result of national xenophobia,which is usually formed through semantic degradation by giving nicknames or derogatory terms and making proverbs.The associative meaning of a nation-specific word is often rendered to give insult to this ethnic group in confrontation or opposition with the nation in dominance of their shared language.This paper revolves around the formation,application,cultural connotation,and the proper understanding of national slurs on Dutch.After a thorough analysis of national slurs on Dutch as well as a careful induction and deduction about words of offensive nationality concerning "Dutch",the perjoration of word meaning in Dutch expressions can be clearly pictured in this paper.Thus,the national slurs on Dutch can reveal itself more profoundly.Born the cultural awareness of national slur in mind under such a pretext,special attention can be adequately given in understanding and conveying the cultural connotation of Dutch expressions.Therefore,the study of national slurs on Dutch will effectively facilitate cultural communication.     

On Applicability of Face——Saving Theory in China

Brown and Levinson’s face theory is a theory of interpersonal relationship. It has successfully explained the influence of "face"in people’s daily communications. The theory is built on the basis of western culture and ignores the cultural difference of "face"in China. It is not free from limitations the absoluteness of which exerts a checking effort on its universal applicability. This paper probes from the perspective of the influence of context and culture that the application of Face-Saving theory in actual communications in China, especially from those restrictions on the use of negative face in China.     

Causes for the Rise of Medieval European Universities: from the Perspective of Social Context

Social context is mainly classified into four types as generative context,cultural context,productive context and transportation context according to their different functions.This essay will discuss the causes for the rise of universities in medieval Europe from the four types of the social context in the Middle Times specifically.The social contexts are all unique to the medieval Europe,functioning as the necessary conditions and historical background of medieval universities.     

Ambiguity in Translation of English and Chinese Idioms

Language is the reaction of history. Idioms are the carrier of culture and the essence of language. English idioms are the reflection of English social and cultural situation. Because of the different cultural context, when we translate English idioms we will produce ambiguities in Chinese ways. So this paper centers on the differences between English and Chinese. Then, I will point to some ambiguity errors. I want to draw some conclusion by analyzing several typical examples.     

Translatability of Culture --Enlightenment from Legge＇s Translation of Lun Yu

The object of this paper is to study the translatability of culture through the enlightenment from Legge's translation of Lun Yu.A critical study of Legge's translation from a cultural angel is made before two principles peculiar to the translation of Chinese classics are proposed.The combination of classiczing and orientalizing the English language should be strived for in the translation of Chinese classics,and at the same time,it is of great significance to observe rather than break the limit of translatability.