稳压二极管伏安特性的测量

本文通过伏安法、等效法和直流电桥法三种方法分别测量稳压二极管的伏安特性。利用origin软件描绘出这三种方法测量的伏安特性曲线,并进行分析比较。     

陕西省重点实验室管理系统研究与设计

采用移动互联网下面向对象的设计开发方法和云计算、虚拟化技术,设计开发了重点实验室管理系统．通过微信、APP等移动终端应用,实时动态地了解实验室的数据信息情况,对重点实验室的综合信息数据实现网络化、信息化的管理．通过对重点实验室、工程技术中心科技基础设施的网络化、信息化建设,可以进一步有力释放科研机构和高校的创新活力,更好地提高科研单位和高校原始的创新能力和解决经济、社会、科技发展重大问题的能力．     

The potential use of social media and other internet-related data and communications for child maltreatment surveillance and epidemiological research: Scoping review and recommendations

Collecting child maltreatment data is a complicated undertaking for many reasons. As a result, there is an interest by child maltreatment researchers to develop methodologies that allow for the triangulation of data sources. To better understand how social media and internet-based technologies could contribute to these approaches, we conducted a scoping review to provide an overview of social media and internet-based methodologies for health research, to report results of evaluation and validation research on these methods, and to highlight studies with potential relevance to child maltreatment research and surveillance. Many approaches were identified in the broad health literature; however, there has been limited application of these approaches to child maltreatment. The most common use was recruiting participants or engaging existing participants using online methods. From the broad health literature, social media and internet-based approaches to surveillance and epidemiologic research appear promising. Many of the approaches are relatively low cost and easy to implement without extensive infrastructure, but there are also a range of limitations for each method. Several methods have a mixed record of validation and sources of error in estimation are not yet understood or predictable. In addition to the problems relevant to other health outcomes, child maltreatment researchers face additional challenges, including the complex ethical issues associated with both internet-based and child maltreatment research. If these issues are adequately addressed, social media and internet-based technologies may be a promising approach to reducing some of the limitations in existing child maltreatment data.     

Effectiveness of Summer Bridge Programs in Enhancing College Readiness

An alarmingly high percentage of recent high school graduates are not prepared to succeed in college-level courses, and the impact of this educational shortcoming is substantial. Underprepared college students incur a monetary cost of enrolling in remedial courses, and states and taxpayers subsidize much of the overall cost of developmental education. In addition, underprepared students are less likely to graduate from college, thus impacting their earning potential and the nation's economic need for a more highly educated workforce. One approach to reducing the need for developmental education is high school bridge programs. These programs, which usually take place on a college campus, provide interventions that help targeted students aspire to, prepare for, and achieve college enrollment. This article reports on the effectiveness of bridge programs at Texas colleges in the summer of 2007; it covers two community college programs that demonstrated the highest pre- to postprogram student achievement gains of the participating institutions. Findings from this study and previous research suggest that effective bridge programs (a) have very strong relationships with their partner school districts; (b) provide professional development to all program staff; (c) conduct preprogram orientation sessions and closing ceremonies; (d) provide bus transportation; (e) involve parents in the program; (f) provide students with labs to support classroom instruction; (g) provide academic advising and other support services; and (h) implement both formative and summative evaluation methods.     

Teachers’ self-efficacy: progressing qualitative analysis

Teacher self-efficacy has predominantly been explored using quantitative instruments such as Likert scales-based questionnaires. Several researchers have questioned these methods, suggesting they offer only a limited view of the concept. This paper considers their claim by exploring the self-efficacy of UK secondary science teachers participating in a two-year professional development programme using both traditional quantitative scales and qualitative methods, including interviews and lesson observations. The findings support the suggestion that traditional quantitative scales do not fully capture teacher self-efficacy and highlight inconsistencies between self-efficacy assessments through the different research approaches. We argue that to achieve a more complete and comprehensive picture of teacher self-efficacy, it is essential that traditional quantitative approaches are better triangulated and integrated with other sources of data, in particular lesson observations. We offer an emerging approach of how qualitative data sources might be used to develop this comprehensive picture.     

交通运输规划与管理学科专业英语课程建设研究

文章分析了我国各高等学校交通运输规划与管理学科专业英语课程设置现状,采用问卷调查方法,针对在校交通运输规划与管理学科研究生调研了专业英语课程的必要性、对科学研究与就业的影响、能力培养、课程内容、考核方式、合理学时及设置学期。基于调研结果,研究提出了交通运输规划与管理学科专业英语的课程教学目标、教学内容及考核方式建议。     

Competencies and interest in a problem-focused undergraduate research methods criminal justice course: Two assessments

This study reports on two efforts, in a problem-centered undergraduate criminal justice research methods course, to gauge students' skills in understanding graphical data display and quasi-experimental designs. The problems addressed were drunk driving and handguns. Results show a moderate level of skill by students at course conclusion, but the weak quasi-experimental design precludes confirming the skills were acquired because of the course itself. Students did, however, report increased interest in the two problems because of course coverage. The approach described here may help bridge the gap between skill vs. content vs. process centered views on criminal justice as a liberal arts major.     

Untangling the links of parental responsiveness to distress and warmth to child outcomes

This study demonstrated separate linkages between 2 features of positive parenting--responsiveness to distress and warmth--and different aspects of children's socio-emotional functioning, in a sample of 106 children (6-8 years old). As expected, mothers' and fathers' responsiveness to distress, but not warmth, predicted better negative affect regulation. Maternal responsiveness to distress also predicted children's empathy and prosocial responding. Maternal warmth, but not responsiveness to distress, was linked to better regulation of positive affect and (in boys only) to greater peer acceptance. Additionally, negative affect regulation mediated between maternal responsiveness to distress and children's empathic responding. Positive affect regulation mediated between maternal warmth and boys' peer acceptance. The findings support a differentiated approach to positive parenting.     

高职院校实行产学研结合的途径

产学研结合是高职院校培养人才的重要途径.其主要做法包括:以就业为导向,成立专业管理委员会;实行校内实践基地教学、科研、生产、培训"四位一体"的人才培养模式;实施"双证书"教育,搭建校企连接的桥梁;建立校外实习基地,密切与用人单位的联系.     

Designing an optimal transportation method of short sea shipping in Yemen

Today,it's hard to imagine a transport world without short sea shipping.Not only does this modern version of coastal shipping experience no delays due to road congestion,low road assessment,also has the lowest transportation cost and co2 emission of all commercial transport modes.For these reasons,short sea shipping is in many cases a perfect alternative to road transport.In this research paper we designed an optimal transportation method of short sea shipping in Yemen to lower the country transportation cost of commercial goods,since Yemen is unfavorable in terms of transportation infrastructure,hard level of mountainous areas and roads are generally poor,short sea shipping is a great alternative to road transport.We collected data and computed the cost of short sea shipping in a multi stage method(warehouse and distribution centers) saving an average of 40% to 50% of transportation cost than if delivered by direct road to road.This research paper and its methodologies have favorable results in all studied aspects.     

高校基建工程档案管理存在的问题及对策研究

高校基建工程档案是高校重要的档案资源,是学校建设中产生的重要原始凭证。文章分析了高校基建档案存在的主要问题,并从创造良好的外部工作环境、制定详尽合理的基建档案归档方法、提高基建档案人员的业务能力、档案部门对基建部门加强归档指导和监督、档案归档与工程建设同步、加强声像档案收集等方面提出了有效对策。旨在使高校的基建档案工作迈上新的台阶,更好地为学校服务。     

预应力混凝土路面设计准则研究

对混凝土路面板施加预应力,可显著提高其承载能力,因而相同荷载下板厚可减小.预应力改变了路面板的结构形式,可抵抗更大的冲击、振动和超载.本文讨论了设计预应力混凝土路面的要点,提出了预测预应力路面早期、使用阶段及开裂后压应力的设计步骤.必须清楚区分反复荷载和非反复荷载中的变量,同样需要检查预应力路面在超载下开裂后的恢复情况.文末附一个设计实例说明该方法的应用.,With a concrete pavement slab prestressed, its load-carrying capacity can be significantly increased, thus a thinner slab may be used for the same loading. Prestressing modify the structural behavior of the pavement slab and there is a greater resistance to impact, vibration and overloading. This paper discusses the major design considerations necessary in the successful construction of prestressed concrete pavements and presents a design procedure developed to predict the compressive stress due to prestressing in the pavements at early stage, during service and after cracking. Variation in the approach for repetitive and nonrepetitive loads is clearly distinguished. Check on the recovery after cracking for overloading in prestressed pavements is also needed. Finally, a design example is illustrated the application of the approach developed.     

A Network-Centric Approach to Computer Science Education and Research Based on Robotics

A network-centric university teaching and research environment based around mobile robots is described. It supports teaching a wide spectrum of computer science and engineering subjects (e.g., digital electronics, computer architecture, operating systems, communications, distributed processing, software engineering, machine vision, artificial intelligence, embedded computer design, real-time computing, HCI, computer graphics, virtual reality, etc.) within a single unified experimental environment. This enables students to combine their coursework so as to build more complex, interesting and industrially relevant systems, thereby significantly increasing their motivation and knowledge. The laboratory infrastructure makes extensive use of networks to produce a versatile and cost effective teaching and research environment. This paper will focus on the teaching aspects of the laboratory, describing the technical infrastructure and showing how it is used to support the Essex Un! iver sity information technology curriculum and report on the effectiveness of the approach. Finally, to demonstrate the more general academic synergy provided by this laboratory a short overview of some of the research applications is presented.     

新工科建设背景下“材料科学基础”课程案例教学模式设计与创新

在新工科建设的大背景下,基于中国矿业大学材料学院材料科学与工程专业教学改革的目标,本文主要讨论“材料科学基础”课程教学模式的设计与创新中的一些热点问题以及教改实践。“材料科学基础”是材料专业最为基础和重要的一门课程,在理论知识和科研实践之间起到了桥梁作用。利用此专业学科门类齐全的优势,在加强基础、拓宽专业、注意理论体系的贯通融合,对课程教学模式创新与设计的指导思想、教学内容的组织及相应的教学方法作初步探讨。教学模式的设计创新需要教师具备较高的学术素养与创新精神、学生具备较强的学习意识与探索精神、高校教育管理部门提供有效的政策支持,从而更好地推动大学课堂教学模式的革新,取得了一些较好的教改效果和经验。     

抗战时期安徽驿运事业探析

抗战爆发后,安徽省各重要交通点线及新式运输工具被破坏无余。为维系战时交通,安徽省政府复兴驿运古制,设置驿运线段,修筑驿道,统编夫具,创建服务所,大规模开展运输基础设施建设。同时,还想方设法通过业务竞赛、联运及负责运输等措施,提高运输绩效。驿运作为战时一种重要交通政策,既补充了前方的给养,也调剂了后方的金融与物质,为支持抗战作出了一定贡献。     

When Collaborative Learning Meets Nature: Collaborative Learning as a Meaningful Learning Tool in the Ecology Inquiry Based Project

This research suggests utilizing collaborative learning among high school students for better performance on ecology inquiry-based projects. A case study of nine 12th grade students who participated in collaborative learning sessions in the open field and in class is examined. The results show that the students concentrated on discussing the methods of measurement and observation in the open field, rather than the known methods from class or from the laboratory. Another major part of their discussions concentrated on knowledge construction. Knowledge construction occurred between students with same or similar learning abilities. The role of the teacher in these discussions was crucial: she had to deal with and dispel misconceptions; and she had to bridge the gap between low-ability and high-ability students, for enabling meaningful learning to occur. The article ends with a number of recommendations for using collaborative learning as a tool for achieving meaningful learning in high school ecology inquiry-based projects.     

Public Internet Usage Points in Schools for the Local Community – Concept, Implementation and Evaluation of a Project in Bremen, Germany

Experts agree that citizens of the information society will need new and additional skills in the future that are connected with the effective and efficient use of digital media technologies. Today, there is unequal access and use of those technologies, which is described as the 'digital divide'. In a unique project, the State of Bremen (Germany) has created Public Internet Usage Points in 25 schools. These 'Web.Punkte' offer access to computers and Internet for the community and support for external users by students. The project is embedded into a larger context of building a regional infrastructure for lifelong learning. Starting with interpretations of lifelong learning, this paper tries to combine those views with concepts to bridge the digital divide, explaining organizational barriers and success factors. Using formative evaluation, the results of the project will be highlighted and arguments for a regional learning network will be drawn.     

E‐Learning Ain't Performance: Reviving HPT in an Era of Agile and Lean

Not all instructional design models are fully integrated into the HPT practice. Some of these processes such as the successive approximation model (SAM) and the lot like Agile methods approach (LLAMA) are the outgrowth of Agile processes for instructional design. The major design processes are often assumed to be competitive; that is, one model is better than the other. However, most Agile instructional design processes assume that the most ubiquitous performance solution is e‐learning, hence the direct integration of Agile processes. Therefore, instead of thinking about design models, we think about instructional methods and solutions over human performance technology (HPT). These methods are all equal until one understands the conditions or the context of the instructional or performance problem. We recommend designers reverse engineer the Agile instructional systems design process by using a rapid performance analysis method that quickly pinpoints and confirms the performance problem(s).     

桥梁基础工程中基于CPTu的粘性土不排水抗剪强度确定方法

为了给南京长江四桥基础工程设计与分析提供可靠的长江漫滩粘性土不排水抗剪强度Su参数,采用国外引进的孔压静力触探(CPTu)测试系统进行了现场原位试验,并以高质量土样的室内试验作为参考,对几种基于CPTu的Su确定方法进行了对比与评价,同时对所提出的圆锥系数Nk值进行了验证.试验结果表明:圆锥系数Nkt,Nke,N△u的...     

Moral reasoning and empathy in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: implications for moral education

A mixed methods approach was used to understand moral reasoning and empathy in 12- to 18-year-old adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) compared to same age typically developing (TD) youth. Adolescents completed measures assessing empathy (perspective-taking, personal distress, and empathic concern), and moral reasoning, as well as a qualitative interview asking them to discuss a challenging sociomoral situation and recount their moral competencies and strengths in difficult situations. For quantitative results, both groups demonstrated similar empathic concern, but adolescents with HF-ASD had significantly higher personal distress and lower moral reasoning than TD youth. Qualitative results suggest that adolescents with HF-ASD perceived themselves as having empathic concern but struggled to use these feelings to support their actions in spontaneous challenging sociomoral situations. Results suggest that teachers should be educated in providing specific guidance to adolescents with HF-ASD about how to express empathic concern in ways that promote mutually rewarding relationships.