Physical Rehabilitation and the Challenge of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in the Physically Active Female

Rehabilitation professionals facilitate healthy movement and mobility in individuals seeking to engage in physically active lifestyles. The disparate rate of injury to the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee in physically active females in comparison to males serves as an excellent example of the challenges faced by rehabilitation professionals. The surgical reconstruction of the ligament and post-surgical rehabilitation has received a great deal of attention, but far less emphasis has been placed on the etiology and prevention of this disabling injury. This article addresses the impact of increased physical activity among females on ACL injury incidence, what is known and unknown about injury risk, and the importance of identifying strategies for prevention of injury to the ACL. One example of a research program that is exploring the potential risk factors for ACL injury in the physically active female is discus     

青少年复原力研究及其对灾后心理重建的启示

灾难事件虽然会给青少年带来一定的身心创伤,但也会不同程度地激发他们内在的复原力,发展出对抗灾难的勇气和智慧,并让他们获得自身的成长。汶川地震灾后,青少年的复原力能够直接降低PTSD,提升自尊,发展应对技巧和能力,促进社会交往并获得更多社会支持。激发灾后青少年复原力需要从个人、家庭、学校以及社会四个层面促进危险因子、压力事件与保护因子之间的平衡。因此,灾后青少年心理重建需要强调＂优势为本＂以及赋权的价值理念,坚持人与环境互动的运作框架,灵活运用多学科的工作方法,实施在地化和文化敏感性的心理重建策略。     

ACL reconstruction with BPTB autograft and irradiated fresh frozen allograft

Objective: To analyze the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with irradiated bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) allograft compared with non-irradiated allograft and autograft. Methods: All BPTB allografts were obtained from a single tissue bank and the irradiated allografts were sterilized with 2.5 mrad of irradiation prior to distribution. A total of 68 patients undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction were prospectively randomized consecutively into one of the two groups (autograft and irradiated allograft groups). The same surgical technique was used in all operations done by the same senior surgeon. Before surgery and at the average of 31 months of follow-up (ranging from 24 to 47 months), patients were evaluated by the same observer according to objective and subjective clinical evaluations. Results: Of these patients, 65 (autograft 33, irradiated allograft 32) were available for full evaluation. When the irradiated allograft group was compared to the autografi group at the 31-month follow-up by the Lachman test, the anterior drawer test (ADT), the pivot shift test, and KT-2000 arthrometer test, statistically significant differences were found. Most importantly, 87.8% of patients in the autograft group and just only 31.3% in the irradiated allograft group had a side-to-side difference of less than 3 mm according to KT-2000. The failure rate of the ACL reconstruction with irradiated allograft (34.4%) was higher than that with autograft (6.1%). The anterior and rotational stabilities decreased significantly in the irradiated allograft group. According to the overall International Knee Docu-mentation Committee (IKDC), functional and subjective evaluations, and activity level testing, no statistically significant dif-ferences were found between the two groups. Besides, patients in the irradiated allograft group had a shorter operation time and a longer duration of postoperative fever. When the patients had a fever, the laboratory examinations of all patients were almost normal. Blood routine was normal, the values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were 5-16 mm/h and the contents of C reactive protein (CRP) were 3-10 mg/L. Conclusion: We conclude that the short term clinical outcomes of the ACL reconstruction with irradiated BPTB allograft were adversely affected. The less than satisfactory results led the senior authors to discontinue the use of irradiated BPTB allograft in ACL surgery and not to advocate using the gamma irradiation as a secondary sterilizing method.     

A first order system model of fracture healing

A first order system model is proposed for simulating the influence of stress stimulation on fracture strength during fracture healing. To validate the model, the diaphyses of bilateral tibiae in 70 New Zealand rabbits were osteotomized and fixed with rigid plates and stress-relaxation plates, respectively. Stress shielding rate and ultimate bending strength of the healing bone were measured at 2 to 48 weeks postoperatively. Ratios of stress stimulation and fracture strength of the healing bone to those of intact bone were taken as the system input and output. The assumed first order system model can approximate the experimental data on fracture strength from the input of stress stimulation over time, both for the rigid plate group and the stress-relaxation plate group, with different system parameters of time constant and gain. The fitting curve indicates that the effect of mechanical stimulus occurs mainly in late stages of healing. First order system can model the stress adaptation process of fracture healing. This approach presents a simple bio-mathematical model of the relationship between stress stimulation and fracture strength, and has the potential to optimize planning of functional exercises and conduct parametric studies. Project (No. 39470698) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

A first order system model of fracture healing

INTRODUCTION Fracture healing is an important research subject in biomechanics. During the last years, many theories and simulation models have been proposed for de- veloping a comprehensive view of the mechanisms controlling bone morphogenesis. Pauwels (1960) was one of the first authors to propose a theory of tissue differentiation in response to local mechanical stress and strain. He assumed that deviatoric stresses com- prise the specific stimulus for the formation of fibrous connecti…     

Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound ameliorates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by alleviating inflammation via a caveolin-1-dependent pathway

ObjectiveCardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis are major pathological manifestations observed in left ventricular remodeling induced by angiotensin II (AngII). Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported to ameliorate cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in myocardial infarction (MI) through mechano-transduction and its downstream pathways. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether LIPUS could exert a protective effect by ameliorating AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and if so, to further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodsWe used AngII to mimic animal and cell culture models of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. LIPUS irradiation was applied in vivo for 20 min every 2 d from one week before mini-pump implantation to four weeks after mini-pump implantation, and in vitro for 20 min on each of two occasions 6 h apart. Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis levels were then evaluated by echocardiographic, histopathological, and molecular biological methods.ResultsOur results showed that LIPUS could ameliorate left ventricular remodeling in vivo and cardiac fibrosis in vitro by reducing AngII-induced release of inflammatory cytokines, but the protective effects on cardiac hypertrophy were limited in vitro. Given that LIPUS increased the expression of caveolin-1 in response to mechanical stimulation, we inhibited caveolin-1 activity with pyrazolopyrimidine 2 (pp2) in vivo and in vitro. LIPUS-induced downregulation of inflammation was reversed and the anti-fibrotic effects of LIPUS were absent.ConclusionsThese results indicated that LIPUS could ameliorate AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis by alleviating inflammation via a caveolin-1-dependent pathway, providing new insights for the development of novel therapeutic apparatus in clinical practice.     

基金的净资金变动量与基金收益的实证研究

本文使用季末基金的重仓持股数据,引入了"流"的概念,在基金和股票两个层次上,研究基金在过去一段时间内的异常净资金流入与该基金(及其重仓股)未来收益率间的关系。实证结果表明,投资者往往将资金投入到了那些持有未来表现较差的股票的基金,而赎回了那些持有未来表现较好的股票的基金;而基金在过去一段时间内的超额净资金流入与该基金的未来收益率无显著的相关关系,这也间接说明基金也过早地减持了未来表现较好的股票,或过早增持了未来表现较差的股票。     

富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)促进犬脱位再植牙牙周膜性愈合

目的:分析犬脱位再植牙牙周膜愈合当中富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)的作用。方法:选择年龄在1-2年的成年杂种犬10只,性别不限,间隔选取实验牙,建立脱位模型,制备PRP和PRF,依照体外放置时间的长短把实验牙分为不同的小组,共计10个小组,以不添加任何移植物完成再植,对照组(第一组)犬牙为即刻再植,对比分析各个小组的牙周愈合结果。结果:第1、2小组的牙周膜结构正常,第3组和4组未发生炎性改变或吸收,差异无统计学意义。第4组和第7组牙周膜样结构的方向性明显,和第一组相比无差异。第9组和第10组的表面吸收情况差异不大,无统计学意义,主要是表面吸收和修复性的。结论:富血小板纤维蛋白对于脱位再植牙的牙周膜性愈合效果更明显,当脱位时间超过了2h之后,牙周膜性愈合即便使用PRF和PRP也很难愈合,实验结果提示应当选择合适的植牙时间。     

再论重构外国文学史

外国文学史的构建必须与时俱进,"文学史"是历史的产物,当然要在历史中发展.面向21世纪重构外国文学史,应从文学是人的生存状态的有机组成这一视点出发重新思考,克服西方话语的许多"自明"之成见.同时外国文学史要突破狭隘的学科界限,"跨学科"研究是文学原生态的回归.     

接骨木促进骨折愈合及抗骨质疏松作用的研究进展

综述了近年来对接骨木促进骨折愈合和抗骨质疏松作用的研究,对接骨木在这两方面研究的提取工艺、有效成分、作用机理等方面进行综述,旨在对接骨木研究工作的进行起到积极的指导作用．     

《宠儿》中记忆复现对心理创伤的修复

分析了托尼·莫里森《宠儿》中描述的奴隶制对塞丝等人造成的深重心理创伤,以及奴隶制对已获自由之身的黑人长期的精神贻害,认为拒绝回忆无益于反思现在和重建未来,而依据心理学创伤治疗的理论,有意识的修补记忆碎片,重现记忆全貌同“过去”和解则意味着希望与未来,有利于帮助已获自由之身的黑人释放被压抑的记忆,重构完整的人格和全新的自我。     

中国聋儿康复工作的现状及对策

为更好地落实《中国残疾人事业“十五”计划纲要》 ,推进中国聋儿康复“十五”方案实施 ,让更多的聋儿回到有声世界 ,本文系统地分析了中国聋儿康复工作的现状 ,并就目前面临的困难和问题 ,提出了加强聋儿康复技术资源中心建设、培养专业队伍 ,实施早期干预、救助贫困聋儿等对策 ,以期进一步推动我国聋儿康复工作的快速发展。     

后苏区时期井冈山地区的社会危机与政府的经济重建

作为国共两党"围剿"与"反围剿"战场,经过多年血与火的战乱,井冈山地区在后苏区时期出现了严重的社会和经济危机。为巩固国民党的统治,国民政府在重新整合的基础上对井冈山苏区采取了一系列恢复与重建社会和经济的政策,整个井冈山苏区的经济得到了一定的恢复和发展。     

`Emergency Education': The Missing Dimension in Education Policy

Large numbers of children regularly experience educational disruption because of natural disasters. Donor and rehabilitation agencies, using an ‘emergency education’ framework, have usually addressed the immediate needs of such children and longer-term educational reconstruction. However, the imperative of continuous educational access to all children, and the need for resource and curricular policies to deal with frequent disruption, call for the inclusion of an emergency education dimension in traditional educational policy. This article outlines the features of such a dimension by drawing on the experiences of an earthquake rehabilitation effort in India (2001-02). Policies that target an improved post-crisis educational system create an opportunity to redress past disadvantages. Helping local educational institutions build capacities in curriculum development and continuing education of emergency personnel is crucial. Some new features highlighted include tracking local demographic shifts with the help of local leaders and the use of innovative teachers to handle children’s immediate recreational needs. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Geiogamah’s 49 and Reconstruction of American Native Cultural Identity

Cultural identity in Geiogamah’s play 49 represented a common concern of contemporary American Indian writers.Geiogamah highlighted the renewal and reconstruction of tribe tradition and cultural identity for native Indians.He stressed the imperative of maintaining ethnic tradition in identity quest by way of cultural rejuvenation,and ritual experience.The play dem onstrated that the way for the Indians in the modernization is to protect national culture,return to the tribe tradition and face the social reality.     

软组织损伤对骨愈合中微循环影响的实验研究

目的:探讨软组织损伤对骨折愈合影响的作用机理。方法:作者选用新西兰大白兔32只,随机分成8组,均以右侧前肢为实验组,左侧为对照组。实验组骨折部位切除部分软组织。采用墨汁灌注血管的方法,观察骨折部位微循环变化。结果:实验组中骨皮质血供以髓内供应为主,而对照组以骨膜血供为主。实验组骨皮质萎缩变薄,骨皮质萎缩与骨膜微循环障碍有明显关系。结论:骨折愈合与局部微循环改变有明显关系,软组织损伤造成了骨折部位微循环障碍是骨折愈合延迟的主要作用环节。     

震后重建与可持续发展——谈震后陇南地区农村的环境设计

四川5.12汶川大地震的震后重建工作即将展开,新农村建设和生产恢复工作是未来一段时期内灾区农村工作的重点.本文通过对新农村重建的环境分析、地点选择、经济发展模式、生态恢复、可持续发展、地域文化等方面进行分析,提出震后重建的环境设计的原则和方向,并就可能发生的问题提出建议和看法.     

A novel technique of three-dimensional reconstruction segmentation and analysis for sliced images of biological tissues

INTRODUCTION The past decades witnessed unprecedented ad-vances in the imaging science fields(Yelbuz et al.,2002;Campagnola et al.,2002;Sharpe et al.,2002).The technique of3D image reconstruction andanalysis plays a significant role in the basic researchof life science,which developed from2D imageprocessing but provides more information than2Dimage,and has rapidly expanded to molecular andcellular field(Guo et al.,1995;Trehan et al.,2003).Despite the rapid development of the new field,…     

公路旧桥无缝化改造技术

公路桥梁的伸缩装置是桥梁结构中最为脆弱的部件,不仅容易损坏,而且修复困难。文章综述了国内外无伸缩缝桥梁的发展历程,以及国内旧桥无缝化的工程案例及相关研究;总结了国内旧桥无缝化改造的常用设计方法,介绍了桥墩、桥台处的无缝化构造处理技术;同时对旧桥无缝化技术的工程意义、应用前景、存在问题进行分析,表明对旧桥进行无缝化改造可提高其承载力、行车舒适性和抗震性能,具有广阔的应用前景和重要的经济价值,也指出今后研究的方向和可能存在的技术难题。     

关于新疆“城中村“改造现状的问卷调查及分析报告——以乌市天山区大湾乡村民为个案

为进一步推动城市化进程,乌鲁木齐市自2004年初启动了城中村改造工程。本调查问卷着眼于改造后的城中村现状,总结其中的经验教训。文章以农民对问卷调查的回答为基准,发掘和分析我市城中村改造过程中的成绩和问题,力争提出一些有价值的意见和建议。