人文科学是推进素质教育的重要环节

人文科学教育是推进素质教育的当务之急 ;人文科学教育决定着素质教育的成败 ;人文科学教育塑造人的精神和品格     

实施素质教育需澄清的几个问题

本提出了在实施素质教育过程中出现的几个误区,并对急需澄清的问题加以研究。     

Sexuality education in South Africa: Three essential questions

Sex education is the cornerstone on which most HIV/AIDS prevention programmes rest and since the adoption of Outcomes-Based Education (OBE), has become a compulsory part of the South African school curriculum through the Life Orientation learning area. However, while much focus has been on providing young people with accurate and frank information about safe sex, this paper questions whether school-based programmes sufficiently support the needs of young people. This paper is based on a desk-review of the literature on sex and sexuality education and examines it in relation to the South African educational context and policies. It poses three questions: (a) what do youth need from sexuality education? (b) Is school an appropriate environment for sex education? (c) If so, what can be said about the content of sex education as well as pedagogy surrounding it? Through reviewing the literature this paper critically engages with education on sex and sexuality in South Africa and will argue that in order to effectively meet the needs of youth, the content of sexual health programmes needs to span the whole spectrum of discourses, from disease to desire. Within this spectrum, youth should be constructed as “knowers” as opposed to innocent in relation to sex. How youth are taught as well as how their own knowledge and experience is positioned in the classroom is as important as content in ensuring that youth avoid negative sexual health outcomes.     

Science education through informal education

To develop the pedagogic efficiency of informal education in science teaching, promoting a close cooperation between institutions is suggested by Monteiro, Janerine, de Carvalho, and Martins. In their article, they point out effective examples of how teachers and educators work together to develop programs and activities at informal education places such as science museums. Their study explored and discussed the viability and relevancy of school visits to museums and possibilities to enhance the connection between students’ visits in informal contexts and their learning in schools. Given that students learn science by crossing the boundaries of formal and informal learning contexts, it is critical to examine ways of integrated and collaborative approach to develop scientific literacy to help students think, act and communicate as members of problem solving communities. In this forum, we suggest the importance of students’ lifeworld contexts in informal learning places as continuum of Monteiro, Janerine, de Carvalho, and Martins’ discussion on enhancing the effectiveness of informal learning places in science education.     

论性教育的几个原则性问题

为了确保性教育的效果，在性教育过程中应遵循三个基本原则，即平常性原则、神圣性原则、全面性原则。对这三个原则只有综合地地应用，才能发挥最佳的效果。     

关于生本教育几个基础性问题的探讨

生本教育是与师本教育相对应的一种教育。作为一种新生事物必将在教育实践中接受检验,在理论上不断完善。为此,我们有必要探讨有关生本教育几个基础性问题,以帮助人们进一步理解生本教育,同时也为人们开展教育教学实践提供新的思路。     

Explanation and metaphor: Some empirical questions in science education

This paper examines how science education becomes institutionalized in Third World countries using Malaysia as a case study. The findings shows that the development of science education in Malaysia has been greatly influenced by international trends and the country's socio‐political development. Science gained a place in the school curriculum in the midst of British colonial rule. The strong colonial influence on school science continued throughout the early independence period but, in the 1980s, external influences on science education came from both Western and Islamic countries. In each of the historical periods, external world cultural forces interacted with internal socio‐political forces resulting in a national science curriculum which is in accord with world cultural rules but at the same time quite indigenous in character. This study also suggests that while each nation‐state aspires to develop an indigenous form of science education that would best suit the national context, the outcome tends to be more universalistic than particularistic due to global influences.     

Science teacher characteristics by teacher behavior and by student outcome: A meta-analysis of research

A meta-analysis was conducted of studies which addressed characteristics (gender, course-work, IQ, etc.) as the independent factor, and: (1) their teaching behavior in the classroom (questioning behavior, teaching orientation, etc.); and (2) student outcome characteristics (achievement, attitude toward science, etc.) as the two dependent factors. The population under study was science classes, ranging from kindergarten through twelfth grade, located in the United States, and the teachers of these classes. The studies integrated were reported in dissertations, journal articles, and other forms. Relationship data obtained from the studies were converted to Pearson product moment correlations. In general, quite low relationships were found between teacher background characteristics and (1) their touching behavior in the classroom and (2) student outcome characteristics. Summary tables showing the relationships are presented along with discussion of the strongest relationships.     

信息与计算科学专业教学体系的实践与探索

文章简要介绍了信息与计算科学专业的现状,分析了安徽理工大学信息与计算科学专业在专业方向、课程体系和实践教学环节等方面存在的问题,提出了一系列对策与措施,这些措施已取得了一定的成效。     

关于创新教育研究若干问题的思考

针对创新教育中存在的问题,创新教育研究应注意以下几个问题,即全方位的思维取向,大文化的研究视野和文化人类学的研究方法。三者的结合,导引出对创新教育的全方位透视和大文化审察的研究思路。     

化学教学中的分类设问艺术

本文围绕课堂教学中“如何设问”这一主题,从新授、复习,同一学段三大层面进行了探讨,介绍了九种基本方法。     

Toward an applied science of education: Some key questions and directions

Recent developments suggest the possibility that education might be developed into an effective applied science. In this paper I try to identify and discuss some of the key questions which should be addressed to achieve this goal: (1) Education should be approached by the same intellectual standards as those prevalent in all other successful applied sciences. (2) It would be both intellectually challenging and practically useful to address systematically the teaching of higher-level cognitive skills. Such efforts should be based on analyses of the underlying human information processing and could profit from recent work in cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence. (3) Major improvements in educational delivery could be achieved by exploiting present technological means to provide most students with excellent private nonhuman tutors who can be supplemented by human teachers where these are most uniquely useful. Such an approach can be effective and practical by investing first-rate talent and substantial efforts in initial development work. (4) Universities could contribute significantly to the advancement of education by transcending their present limited educational role and striving in education for the kind of excellence and innovative leadership pursued by them in other applied sciences.This paper is a slightly revised version of a talk given at a symposium held in Boston, in February 1976, at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.     

Science education and worldview

Is there a place for Indigenous Knowledge in the science curriculum for a Zulu community in rural Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa? This article argues “yes,” based on a participative research and development project that discovered relevant science learning in a Zulu community. Among community concerns for relevant factual and performative knowledge, we found that culture and worldview are critical to community identity, to visioning educational outcomes, and to learning in school science. Cultural practices may contribute to pedagogy and curriculum; curriculum, in turn, may affirm cultural practices. Further, worldview needs to be understood as an aspect of knowledge creation. By understanding key aspects of an African worldview, science educators can contribute to both meaningful science education and community well-being. By fostering culture and worldview, a rural community can make a unique contribution to science education.