Performance investigation of 2D lattice Boltzmann simulation of forces on a circular cylinder

The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is employed to simulate the uniform flow past a circular cylinder. The performance of the two-dimensional LBM model on the prediction of force coefficients and vortex shedding frequency is investigated. The local grid refinement technique and second-order boundary condition for curved walls are applied in the calculations. It is found that the calculated vortex shedding frequency, drag coefficient and lift coefficient are consistent with experimental results at Reynolds nu...     

Numerical investigation of flow characteristics around two side-by-side cylinders by immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann flux solver

In this paper, to study the characteristics of the flow in a laminar regime, an immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann flux solver (IB-LBFS) is applied to numerically simulate the unsteady viscous flows around two fixed and rotating circular cylinders in side-by-side arrangement. This method applies finite volume discretization to solve the macroscopic governing equations with the flow variables defined at cell centers. At the cell interface, numerical fluxes are physically evaluated by a local lattice Boltzmann solution. In addition, the no-slip boundary condition is accurately imposed by using the implicit boundary condition-enforced immersed boundary method. Due to the simplicity and high efficiency of IB-LBFS on non-uniform grids, it is suitable for simulating fluid flows with complex geometries and moving boundaries. Firstly, numerical simulations of laminar flow past two side-by-side cylinder are performed with different gap spacings at Reynolds numbers of 100 and 200. The simulation results show that a small gap spacing induces a biased flow and forms an irregular big wake behind two cylinders at a low Reynolds number. As the gap spacing increases, an in-phase or anti-phase flow is observed. Then, the effects of the main important parameters on flow characteristics are analyzed for flow past two side-by-side rotating cylinders, including the rotational speed, Reynolds number, and gap spacing. As the rotational speed is increased, the numerical results illustrate that unsteady wakes are suppressed and the flow becomes steady. As the gap spacing is increased, two separate vortex streets behind each cylinder are formed with a definite phase relationship and single shedding frequency.     

纤维滤料新模型的阻力数值模拟研究

利用流体力学开源代码OpenFOAM验证了单圆柱体周围的流体特性（包括流型和阻力）,表明Open-FOAM能够用于模拟低Re数流,并发现Shaw的解析解是斯托克斯悖论的一种解.通过对纤维滤料进行试验以及对Tronville-Rivers二维纤维随机分布滤料新模型的阻力特性进行数值模拟,发现Kuwabara模型比Hap-pel模型更能精确预测纤维滤料的阻力,而且试验阻力值介于纤维表面为无滑移和全滑移边界条件下的数值模拟值之间.     

Sedimentation of a single particle between two parallel walls

The sedimentation of a single circular particle between two parallel walls was studied by means of direct numerical simulation (DNS) and experiment. The improved implementation of distributed Lagrange multiplier/fictitious domain method used in our DNS is a promising new way for simulation of particulate flows. The settling behaviors of the particle are presented ranging in Reynolds number from 0 to about 700, which showed that our results for low Reynolds numbers agreed well with that reported before. Nevertheless, for higher Reynolds numbers our results were different from theirs. The long-term mean equilibrium positions in our results were all on the centerline, but not at off-center position as reported before. In order to validate our simulation, experiments were also conducted. The results showed that the sedimenting behavior simulated in this paper agreed well with our experiment result.     

Sedimentation of a single particle between two parallel walls

INTRODUCTIONThecenteringofaparticlewhichsettlesatsmallReynoldsnumbershadbeenstudiedbyseveralresearchers.ChristophersonandDowson(1959)foundthattheoretically,whentheeffectofinertiaisnegligible ,aballachieveseccentricequilibriuninaverticaltubehavingadiameteronlyslightlyexceedingthediameteroftheball.Theyverifiedtheiranalysiswithexperiments.VaseurandCox (1977)didexperimentsonthesedimentationofasmallsphereinaverticalductofarectangularcross section .Theyobservedthatthespherealwaysmigratedtothec…     

汽车磁流变减振器的流场分析

Fluent作为计算流体动力学（CFD）常用的商用软件,它可以对包含有流体流动和热传导等相关物理现象的系统做出分析,特别适用于极其复杂问题的流场.文中首先根据所设计的减振器建立数学模型,求出阻尼力的计算公式,接着采用GAMBIT软件建立减振器模型,并在Fluent中导入该模型,设置相关的参数及边界条件对该减振器进行数值分析.然后对结果进行分析,进而与理论模型的结果进行比较,最后对该减振器的性能进行了总结,并对其结构提出了几点建议.     

基于PID控制的液压伺服非正弦振动系统设计

以某钢铁公司热轧带钢板坯连铸机结晶器为研究对象,根据最佳负载匹配原则进行了基于PID控制的液压伺服非正弦振动系统设计。利用MATLAB／Simulink软件建立了基于PID控制的带弹性负载的电液伺服系统数学仿真模型,确定了最佳PID控制参数,可为类似带弹性负载的液压伺服非正弦振动选型和PID控制性能仿真分析提供借鉴和参考。     

Evaluation of the heat transfer performance of helical coils of non-circular tubes

This study addresses heat transfer performance of various configurations of coiled non-circular tubes, e.g., in-plane spiral ducts, helical spiral ducts, and conical spiral ducts. The laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in helical coils made of square cross section tubes is simulated using the computational fluid dynamic approach. The effects of tube Reynolds number, fluid Prandtl number, coil diameter, etc., are quantified and discussed. Both constant wall temperature and constant heat flux conditions are simulated. The effect of in-plane coil versus a cylindrical design of constant coil, as well as a conical coil design is discussed. Results are compared with those for a straight square tube of the same length as that used to form the coils. Advantages and limitations of using coiled tubes are discussed in light of the numerical results.     

透明质酸－胶原－生物玻璃支架材料的制备及矿化性能研究

以透明质酸、胶原和生物玻璃为原料制备复合支架材料,并对其矿化性能进行研究。实验将透明质酸、胶原和生物玻璃按比例混合,再进行交联处理,冷冻干燥得到支架材料,最后将其浸入模拟体液进行矿化,分析生物分子在矿化过程中的作用机制。研究发现,该复合支架材料具有三维多孔的微观结构; 在模拟体液中的矿化产物为羟基磷灰石。胶原蛋白和透明质酸对溶液中钙、磷离子的亲和力构成了矿化机制的基础。且两种生物分子可相互键合,促进钙化。该支架具有良好的矿化性能,可用于骨缺损的修复。     

求解瞬态Naiver-Stokes问题的一种稳定化方法

在压力投影及多尺度变分法的基础上,本文针对瞬态Naiver-Stokes问题提出一种新的稳定化方法,此方法采用非协调且不满足inf-sup条件的速度及压力有限元空间。文中的稳定化方法具备一些优势:能避免高阶微分的计算,数据结构与单元边界无关;只在好的尺度上增加离散的速度项,对高雷诺数的流体很有效;不增加计算成本。     

板料成形模拟及其在汽车覆盖件冲压过程中的应用

基于板料成形模拟的必要性和汽车覆盖件成形的复杂性 ,提出有限元分析是模拟复杂三维板料成形问题的有力工具 .介绍了动态显式有限元法的原理和特点 ,讨论了国际现有的各种商用软件 ,论述了汽车覆盖件模拟的国内外应用现状 .以某新型汽车前门外板为例 ,运用显示有限元分析软件Dynaform对前门外板冲压过程进行了计算机模拟分析 ,预测冲压过程中可能出现的各种工艺缺陷 ,例如坯料的破裂 ,并以模拟结果为依据提出改进方法 .     

刮研对结合面刚度特性影响研究

为了研究刮研对结合面刚度的微观特性,使用 LI-3 型表面形貌测量仪实测得到刮研表面的真实三维微观形貌,针对收集的微观表面形貌数据,运用逆向建模方法生成真实可靠的表面实体模型。采用有限元法进行静力学接触仿真分析,得到接触力、接触变形与接触刚度关系折线图,最终得出真实微表面之间的微弹性和弹性接触特性。仿真分析结果证明,刮研表面比磨削表面具有更好的接触应力和接触刚度,能够为深入开展结合面微观作用机理研究提供理论依据。     

Aerobasics — An introduction to aeronautics

A study of air flow past simple bodies provides a background for the understanding and interpretation of aerodynamic forces on airplanes. In this article some simple flows are studied by treating air as a viscous and compressible fluid subject to the laws of mechanics. The importance of two dimensionless parameters, the Reynolds number and the Mach number, respectively representing the viscous and compressibility effects is clearly brought out. The different flow phenomena associated with specific ranges of the Reynolds and Mach numbers are indicated and explained.     

雷诺准数在环境流体力学教学中的重要作用及应用

本文阐述了雷诺准数在《环境流体力学》课程教学中的重要作用,之后分别从实验和流体黏性力相似准则角度对雷诺准数的推导做出简要介绍.最后,阐述了雷诺准数在流体流态判别方面上的应用.     

北京市传统大学生宿舍室内空气环境的模拟

本文旨在通过流场分布来研究北京市传统学生宿舍里的室内空气环境(包括室内压力场与速度场的分布情况)。文中采用k-ε双方程湍流模型来模拟空气介质，应用计算流体力学(CFD)的方法来求解室内空气流动，运用有限体积法来处理控制方程，并用Fluent模拟流场分布结果。分析结果表明，学生床上的通风情况跟床的位置有很大的关系。     

螺旋折流片强化管壳式换热器内管束传热数值模拟

介绍了一种用于强化管壳式换热器壳侧传热和支撑管束的螺旋折流片新型结构,该结构是对换热器管子相间地套上螺旋折流片以产生旋涡流动.研究模型是在正方形布置的4个管子中的2个对角管子套上螺旋折流片后形成的通道,利用FLUENT软件对该上述四管通道模型的流场和温度分布情况进行了数值模拟;分析了四管通道模型中螺旋折流片对强化传热和流动阻力随雷诺数的变化关系的影响.算例结果显示该新型结构可比相同尺寸的光管通道中的情形传热系数提高约40%～55%,同时也将伴随较高的流动阻力.可以相信螺旋折流片式换热器将会在许多工业领域有良好的应用前景.     

油气在竖直管内湍流流动时冷凝的数值模拟

为了探索油气在冷凝回收过程中的冷凝规律,采用气液两相流模型描述了油气在竖直管内湍流流动时的冷凝过程.采用有效传质系数描述了油气组分的质量传递.模拟了油气在管内冷凝时的温度、管内压力、液膜厚度和Nusselt数的变化,得到了入口油气和管壁的温差、雷诺数对冷凝率和Nusselt数的影响.结果显示：增大入口雷诺数能显著增强传热和冷凝,但是增大入口油气和管壁的温差对冷凝率的影响较小;另外,还发现传质阻力对油气冷凝率有较大影响.此模型的计算结果与先前的实验数据能够很好地符合.     

On the hydrodynamic stability of a particle-laden flow in growing flat plate boundary layer

INTRODUCTION Turbulent particulate flows occur in many in-dustrial applications, such as in pneumatic transportof particulates, cyclone separators and chemical re-actors. The particles suspended in fluid play a role inthe turbulence modulation, which has been known forseveral years. The observation that adding dust to airflowing in turbulent motion through a pipe can ap-preciably reduce the resistance coefficient was re-ported by Sproull (1961). The observation can beexpressed as saying …     

Effects of rarefaction on the characteristics of micro gas journal bearings

Given the definition of the reference Knudsen number for micro gas journal bearings, the range in the number is related to the viscosity of air at different temperatures. A modified Reynolds equation for micro gas journal bearings based on Burgdorfer＇s first-order slip boundary condition is proposed that takes into account the gas rarefaction effect. The finite difference method （FDM） is adopted to solve the modified Reynolds equation to obtain the pressure profiles, load capacities and attitude angles for micro gas journal bearings at different reference K_nudsen numbers, bearing numbers and journal eccentricity ratios. Numerical analysis shows that pressure profiles and non-dimensional load capacities decrease markedly as gas rarefaction increases. Attitude angles change conversely, and when the eccentricity ratio is less than 0.6, the attitude angles rise slightly and the influence of the reference Knudsen number is not marked. In addition, the effect of gas rarefaction on the non-dimensional load capacity and attitude angle decreases with smaller bearing numbers.     

Effectof Film Force Nonlinearity on Unbalance Responseof a Jeffcot RotorJournal Bearing System

Ｎｏｍａｎｃｌａｔｕｒｅ　ｂｉｊ,Ｂｉｊ（ｉ,ｊ＝ｘ,ｙ）　ｂｅａｒｉｎｇｄａｍｐｉｎｇａｎｄｎｏｎｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｄａｍｐｉｎｇｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔｓ,Ｂｉｊ＝ｂｉｊΨ３ｍｉｎ／（２ｌμ）　ｃｍｉｎｍｉｎｉｍｕｍｒａｄｉａｌｃｌｅａｒａｎｃｅｏｆｂｅａｒｉｎｇｄｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒｏｆｂｅａｒｉｎｇｅｕ,Ｅｕｅｃｃｅｎｔｒｉｃｉｔｙａｎｄｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｅｃｃｅｎｔｒｉｃｉｔｙｏｆｍａｓｓｃｅｎｔｅｒｏｆｒｏｔｏｒ,ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ,Ｅｕ＝ｅｕ／ｃｍｉｎＦｓｔａｔｉｃｌｏａｄｏｎｂ…