Was Hochschuldozierende aus Lehrevaluations-Rückmeldungen lernen k?nnen

The extent to which students profit from a university course depends on the lecturers?? approach to teaching, with a student-focused approach being more supportive for student gains in competences than a teacher-focused approach. Little is known, however, about how to foster a student-focused approach to teaching. In this paper, we want to investigate how to frame the feedback lecturers obtain from students?? course evaluations in such a manner that a student-focused approach to teaching is encouraged. In two studies using either a qualitative or a quantitative methodology it can be shown that providing lecturers with a feedback on students?? subjective gain in competences (output-focused teaching evaluation) is more effective in promoting a student-focused approach to teaching than a feedback on how satisfied students were with the lecturer (process-focused teaching evaluation). Results are discussed in the context of the Bologna reforms which demand a continuous evaluation of all university courses.     

地理新课标背景下师范生素质调查研究——以衡阳师范学院为例

以地理新课改为切入点,采取个别访谈、调查问卷与数理统计等多种研究方法。结果表明:地理师范生对新课改的认识不足,地理专业思想不明确。同时存在创新意识与科研能力不强,教学实践能力较弱,课程资源整合能力不够等诸多问题。为此,师范院校应通过大学课程内容改革、延长教育实习时间以及创建大学与中学对接培训平台等方式培养师范生的素质,同时师范生也要积极主动地利用各种资源提高自身的教学实践能力及课程资源开发与整合的能力。     

Assessment purposes and procedures in ESL/EFL classrooms

University instructors’ classroom assessments play a central role in and inevitably influence their teaching and their students’ learning. This paper reports on a comparative interview study conducted in a range of three ESL/EFL university contexts in Canada, Hong Kong and China. Six major aspects of ESL/EFL classroom assessment practices were explored: instructors’ assessment planning for the courses they taught, the relative weight given to course work and tests in their instruction, the type of assessment methods (selection vs. supply methods) that they used, the purposes each assessment was used for, the source of each method used, and when they used each method. University instructors were also asked to indicate what they saw as the advantages and disadvantages of the methods they used, and whether they took into account prior student knowledge when making decisions about what assessment methods to use. The findings contribute to a better understanding of ESL/EFL university instructors’ classroom assessment practices at the tertiary level in a range of three ESL/EFL university teaching contexts.     

The first year university experience: using personal epistemology to understand effective learning and teaching in higher education

Personal epistemological beliefs, or beliefs about knowing, provide a way in which to understand learning in a range of educational contexts because they are considered to act as filters for all other knowledge and beliefs. In particular, they provide a useful framework for investigating learning and teaching for first year students in tertiary education, who are typically considered to hold less sophisticated epistemological beliefs. Using semi-structured interviews, this study investigated the nature of beliefs about knowing and learning of 35 first year teacher education and creative writing students at a large metropolitan university in Australia. The interview analysis indicated that a relationship existed between individuals’ core beliefs about knowing and their beliefs about learning. This relationship has implications for the way in which we support first year students’ learning as they transition into university and progress through their courses.     

The course planning and monitoring activities of a university teacher

A de-briefing techique was used to conduct weekly interviews with a university teacher in order to collect information on course planning and monitoring activities. A content analysis of the data showed that most attention was given to talking about students, teaching methods and role, and the process and content of class meetings. The variations in the content of the interviews are discussed in terms of the interaction between the concerns of the teacher and the progress of the course. Applications of the methodology to staff development and further research are outlined.     

细胞生物学和细胞工程实验教学的几点体会

高校的实验教学是培养大学生综合能力的一个重要园地。综合多年来的教学和实验教学改革的探索和实践，就如何提高学生的综合能力提出几点体会，以期为培养出高素质、适应市场需要的人才提供参考和借鉴。     

‘Do You Have to Pack?’—Preparing For Culturally Relevant Science Teaching in the Caribbean

This paper reports on the attempts by some Caribbean science teachers to make links between their students' everyday lives and school science in their planning for teaching. It describes how these teachers drew on their exposure to a university graduate course on science education and culture in seeking to access the background cultural knowledge of their students and to incorporate this knowledge in their plans for teaching science. The paper critically examines the experiences of these teachers and highlights both the rewards and challenges that ensued as these teachers prepared for culturally relevant science teaching     

Hints for the improvement of quality teaching in introductory engineering statistics courses

In recent years there has been a spectacular increase in concern within society about problems of service and, in particular, that of university teaching. Teaching quality can be understood as a goal to be achieved in three nurtured phases: course planning; the adoption of a methodological approach; and the evaluation of the results. The teaching of statistics in engineering schools raises common problems as well as certain others specific to each qualification. In this article, proposals are made about how to improve the quality of teaching of statistics to undergraduate engineering students.     

Identity and social practice in higher education: student experiences of postgraduate courses delivered ‘offshore’ in Singapore and Hong Kong by an Australian university

This paper highlights the complexities surrounding the social practices involved in being an international higher degree student, and the ways in which these practices contribute to the formation of student identity. It reports research in progress aimed at understanding how higher degree students experience studying for a degree delivered ‘offshore’ by an Australian university. In particular, it presents findings of two interpretive case studies, one of a masters degree course delivered in Singapore and another of a doctoral dissertation programme delivered in Hong Kong. The line of inquiry concerns questions about the perspectives of the students: how they understand the dynamics of their particular educational context and their sense of themselves as students in relation to the communities to which they belong.     

疫情下程序设计语言课程在线学习现状调查与对策

疫情当前,面对计算机基础较为薄弱的文科生,程序设计语言课程如何顺利开展在线教学并保障教学质量,是一个值得探讨的问题。以韩山师范学院3个专业6个文科班的学生为调查对象,运用问卷调查法从个人基本信息、以往在线学习经历、对本门课的在线学习需求3个维度进行数据统计与分析。基于调查结果,提出在文科生程序设计语言课程在线教学中,可通过搭建课程框架、组织针对性的课程资源、采用异步教学方式、积极创设课堂活动、关注学生学习进度5个方面提升教学质量。     

高校通信工程专业实践教学体系构建的研究

对高校通信工程专业课程的实践教学现状与传统实践教学模式存在问题进行了分析和探讨,如何在新形势下更好搞好高校通信工程专业课程实践的教学,如何通过实践教学,培养学生专业技术应用能力,并介绍了高校通信工程专业课程实践教学的目标及原则,建立科学的通信专业课程实践教学体系。     

大学英语听力教学小议

听力教学是大学英语教学的重要组成部分,本文分析了传统英语听力教学中的两大弊端,从三个方面探讨了在现代英语听力课堂教学中应用的具体策略。     

Making Content Easier or Adding More Challenge in Year One University Physics?

This paper argues that lecturers may provide insufficient challenge when teaching first year university physics courses, which may contribute to unsatisfactory learning outcomes. Comparisons in learning outcomes between a traditional teaching group and a constructivist orientated teaching group were investigated along with lecturers' and students' perceptions of those courses by interview and survey. Three main findings emerged from this study. The lecturers emphasised the students' poor physics background and adopted strategies to diminish the possible cognitive challenge in their teaching design. However, the students' concerns about the difficulty of the course seemed to be very minor. Finally, this study found that a teaching strategy of increasing the cognitive challenge for the students was likely to encourage an adoption of a comprehension learning approach, highlight the needs for learning university physics, and to promote cognitive engagement and learning commitment.     

Conceptual difficulties experienced by senior high school students of electrochemistry: Electric circuits and oxidation-reduction equations

The purpose of this research was to investigate students' understanding of electrochemistry following a course of instruction. A list of conceptual and propositional knowledge statements was formulated to identify the knowledge base necessary for students to understand electric circuits and oxidation-reduction equations. The conceptual and propositional knowledge statements provided the framework for the development of a semistructured interview protocol which was administered to 32 students in their final year of high school chemistry. The interview questions about electric circuits revealed that several students in the sample were confused about the nature of electric current both in metallic conductors and in electrolytes. Students studying both physics and chemistry were more confused about current flow in metallic conductors than students who were only studying chemistry. In the section of the interview which focused on oxidation and reduction, many students experienced problems in identifying oxidation-reduction equations. Several misconceptions relating to the inappropriate use of definitions of oxidation and reduction were identified. The data illustrate how students attempted to make sense of the concepts of electrochemistry with the knowledge they had already developed or constructed. The implications of the research are that teachers, curriculum developers, and textbook writers, if they are to minimize potential misconceptions, need to be cognizant of the relationship between physics and chemistry teaching, of the need to test for erroneous preconceptions about current before teaching about electrochemical (galvanic) and electrolytic cells, and of the difficulties experienced by students when using more than one model to explain scientific phenomena.     

谈如何提高结构化学的教学

结构化学是师范院校化学专业的基础课程之一,因其较强的理论性,一直被学生视为最难学的课程,根据教学实践的体会,分别从如何提高课堂教学质量、结合学生反馈、利用多媒体辅助教学、引导学生自主学习四个方面进行了分析和讨论,对如何提高结构化学的课堂教学提出了自己的意见。     

新时期提高语文教学有效性的策略研究

语文是基础教育课程体系中的一门重要课程,打造高效语文课堂是学生提高语言运用能力的重要手段。语文课堂有效教学强调关注学生的进步和发展,需要教师遵循教学活动的客观规律,用最少的时间、精力和物力投入,取得更好的教学效果。文章对新时期如何提高语文教学有效性进行探讨。     

Becoming a teacher of early reading: charting the knowledge and practices of pre‐service and newly qualified teachers

Education policy in England requires student teachers to demonstrate effective teaching of early reading, including systematic synthetic phonics, in order to qualify to teach. Although there is a range of literature about initial teacher education, little is documented about how pre‐service or ‘student' teachers develop specific knowledge and practices for teaching early reading and how they apply these in their first term as newly qualified teachers (NQTs). This research used a primarily qualitative longitudinal, collective case study design involving seven lower primary (3–7 years) postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE) students enrolled at one university in the East Midlands of England. Semi‐structured interviews, classroom observations and documentary analysis with the students and their teacher mentors were used to gather data from entry onto the course to the participants' first term as qualified teachers. A thematic analysis was applied in conjunction with deductive observation codes developed from a previous study. Findings indicate a broad continuum of progression in student and newly qualified teacher knowledge and practice for teaching early reading which could be used to inform university organisation, mentoring and school participation. They highlight the influence of school cultures on the experiences of student and pre‐service teachers.     

Use of social web technologies by international and domestic undergraduate students: implications for internationalising learning and teaching in Australian universities

Much research into the use of online information and communication technologies for the internationalisation of learning and teaching has focused on established web technologies. This paper considers the possible internationalisation implications of existing uses of social software, also known as Web 2.0 technologies, which are now widely available inside and outside of formal education settings. The paper reports on two studies: the first, conducted at a large Australian university, investigated differences between international and domestic undergraduate students’ (n = 1973) use of web‐based technologies and tools; the second investigation reports on interviews with eight Australian and eight Singaporean university students about their use and perceptions of blogs and blogging. The findings from two studies provide new evidence of both cultural similarities and cultural differences in aspects of young university students’ use of social software for communication and content creation. Discussion and conclusions draw out factors to be considered in planning to implement new uses of social software among culturally and linguistically diverse students of the Net Generation, in Australia and more generally.     

大学新生个人职业规划现状研究简

大学生的就业问题已经成为当今社会的热点问题,大学生想找到一份理想的工作。就需要对自己的就业有明确的职业规划。入学不久的大学新生个人职业规划既是大学新生个人发展的需要。也是社会进步的需求。目前,大学新生对所学专业就业前景知之甚少,导致就业前目标不确定、就业后工作不稳定的问题。针对于此,笔者通过对所在学校的在校大一学生的个人职业规划现状进行分析与研究。从而提出一些针对性的建议以供参考。     

论孔子的启发式教学法及其运用——以“思想道德修养与法律基础”课程为例

孔门教育,以道德教育和人格教育为主。孔子在对弟子进行教育的时候重在引导,而非填充,他运用了各式各样的启发式教学法,包括双向交流、"叩竭法"、因材施教等,通过采取这些方法既启迪了学生的思维,又提高了道德教育的效果。当代大学课程中的"思想道德修养与法律基础"课程也是对学生进行思想道德教育的主干课程,其与孔子的道德教育有相通之处。研究孔子在道德教育中所运用的启发式教学法,对于此门课程的教学工作具有重要的指导意义。