学习动机、外语学习策略与学习成绩之间的关系研究

通过对455 名本科大学生的学习动机状况和外语学习策略使用情况的测查,将教育心理研究中的动机构成因素和外语教学研究中具体运用的外语学习策略结合,探讨了学习动机、外语学习策略与学习成绩之间的关系。     

运用归因理论激发小学生的成就动机

归因理论对于学校教育具有重大的指导意义.它可以帮助教师寻找到教育的契机和方法.学生对学习结果的归因,直接影响其学习信心和对前途的期待.心理学研究表明,人们的归因倾向是可以改变的,教师可结合归因训练,并利用课堂教学,运用教育与引导的方法,帮助学生作出正确、积极的归因,激发学生的成就动机.     

Academic Achievement,Motivation and Future Selves

The study examined the relation between possible selves, academic performance, motivation, self‐esteem and persistence on task. The assumption was that envisioning a desired end‐state produces information processing favouring the desired state and, as a consequence, the action seems more likely and people are able to construct more efficient plans. We hypothesized that academic performance is best for subjects who are able to produce well‐elaborated, vivid pictures of future selves. The sample consisted of 289 students, 14 and 15 years old, of both sexes. The statistical analysis revealed that those who endorsed specific, elaborated positive selves outperformed the other groups in academic achievement. There was also indication that this group of students showed more persistence on task. The results are discussed in terms of their importance for the motivational role of possible selves in achievement situations.     

Motivation and Junior College Achievement

Abstract

The academic achievement of junior college students was felt to be strongly influenced by their motivation. A Motivation Check-Sheet was designed and administered to entering freshman at a junior college. The check- sheet scores doubled the amount of variance accounted for in the students’ academic achievement. The procedure lends itself to wide application.     

对成就动机性别差异的分析与思考

成就动机是人们取得成就的内部动力。研究表明,成就动机存在性别差异,即女性的成就动机水平低于男性。文章对成就动机的性别差异的成因进行了分析并提出了相应的建议。     

成就动机与学生学习

成就动机与学习成绩有正相关 ,激发学生的学习动机是提高学习成绩的前提条件之一 ;学习动机与成功概率密切相关 ,布置适合学生实际的学习任务 ,让学生以适度的“成功率意识”去从事学习 ,可激发学习动机。     

成就动机与教学设计

教学设计的首要步骤是对学习者进行分析.其中,对学习者学习风格之一的成就动机进行分析是很重要的一环.本文在简要介绍成就动机理论的基础上,探讨了成就动机理论对教学设计的启示,提出了一个基于成就动机的教学设计模型.     

成就动机研究综述

成就动机作为一种重要的社会性动机,对理解和分析个体的行为具有重要意义。研究者希望通过系统地梳理归纳相关内容,为成就动机的研究提供参考。     

Achievement Goals and the Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation

The achievement goal approach has attained prominence in the achievement motivation literature and has produced a valuable empirical yield. However, the precise nature of the achievement goal construct is in need of scrutiny, as is the issue of how achievement goals and their antecedents combine to produce competence-based self-regulation. In this article, we address these important conceptual issues in the context of the hierarchical model of achievement motivation. The approach–avoidance distinction, which has been an integral part of the achievement motivation literature since its inception, is highlighted throughout.     

成就动机、家庭影响力及学业成就的关系研究

以570名中小学生为研究对象,以成就动机问卷和家庭影响力调查表为工具探讨了家庭影响力、成就动机及学业成就的关系。主要获得以下结果:1.家庭影响力与成就动机关系密切;2.不同水平的学校在家庭影响力和学生的成就动机上有差异;3.成就动机对学业成就有一定预测作用,但是,在不同年级会有不同表现。     

成就动机与学习英语的积极性

结合教学实践，谈谈怎样运用成就动机理论调动学生学习英语的积极性。     

Expectancy-Value Theory of Achievement Motivation

We discuss the expectancy-value theory of motivation, focusing on an expectancy-value model developed and researched by Eccles, Wigfield, and their colleagues. Definitions of crucial constructs in the model, including ability beliefs, expectancies for success, and the components of subjective task values, are provided. These definitions are compared to those of related constructs, including self-efficacy, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and interest. Research is reviewed dealing with two issues: (1) change in children's and adolescents' ability beliefs, expectancies for success, and subjective values, and (2) relations of children's and adolescents' ability-expectancy beliefs and subjective task values to their performance and choice of activities. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

First Generation College Students: Motivation,Integration, and Academic Achievement

The study reported in this article investigated motivation and integration dimensions that influence college academic achievement of first-generation students compared to nonfirst-generation students. Participants consisted of 277 ethnically diverse students who were attending a community college. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses revealed that motivation and integration dimensions contributed significantly to academic achievement for first-generation students, but not for nonfirst-generation students. Specifically, among first-generation students, academic integration contributed to higher grade point averages while extrinsic motivation and amotivation contributed significantly to lower grades. Implications of these finding and recommendations are discussed.     

Relationship Between Children's Social Competence,Learning Motivation and School Achievement

The influences of the social environment and affective factors on academic achievement were identified as early as the 1970s. This line of research continued in the following decades, but the relationship between social competence and academic achievement remained a neglected issue. The aim of the empirical research presented in this paper was to define those components of social competence that influence learning motivation and academic achievement. The following components of social competence were selected for analysis: dynamism, dominance, cooperativeness, politeness, scrupulousness, perseverance, emotional control, impulse control, openness, external-internal control attitude and attachments. Four questionnaires were administered to a sample of 6th and 10th grade students (altogether 438 subjects). The results show that the assessed social factors are not affected considerably by age. The correlation analyses reveal the importance of intrinsic motivation within learning motivation, manifested in its strong relationship to the variables representing the social factors of personality except for emotional stability. The results of the regression analysis indicate that friendliness and openness have the largest impact on each other among social factors extraversion. The results show that conscientiousness, openness and academic self-concept explains most of the variance in intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation seems to exert considerable effect on these three variables.     

女硕士研究生成就动机特点探析

该文采用问卷法,考察了381名女硕士研究生的成就动机状况。研究结果表明：1.女硕士研究生避免失败的动机高于追求成功的动机,成就动机水平较低。2.女硕士研究生的成就动机存在显著的专业差异。在追求成功动机方面,文科女硕士研究生高于理科女硕士研究生。     

动机定向、成就归因、自我效能感与学业成就之间的关系研究综述

动机定向、成就归因、自我效能感对学业成就的影响是教育心理学领域的重要研究课题。系统介绍动机定向、成就归因、自我效能感对学业成就影响方面的研究进展。     

The Effects of Learning Strategy Instruction on Achievement, Attitude, and Achievement Motivation in a Physics Course

This article reports on the influence of learning strategy instruction on student teachers’ physics achievement, attitude towards physics, and achievement motivation. A pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental design with matching control group was used in the study. Two groups of student teachers (n = 75) who were enrolled in an introductory physics course participated in the study. In the experimental group, questioning, summarizing, and graphic organizers were taught. The control group did not receive any presentation on strategy learning. Data were collected via the pre- and post-administration of the Physics Course Achievement Test, the Scale of Attitudes towards Physics, and the Achievement Motivation Scale. Univariate and multivariate analyses of variance on the data revealed no significant differences in the attitude and achievement motivation between the strategy and control groups. However, the strategy group students were observed to have a tendency of more positive attitude and motivation than the control group students. Results also showed that explicit learning strategy instruction was more effective than traditional instruction in improving physics achievement of the participating students. The implications of these results for physics education are discussed.     

Motivation and Second Language Acquisition

In this paper,first the author provides a brief review of contemporary psychological views on motivation and motivation in SLL.The author then discusses Williams and Burden’ s (1997) cognitive model of motivation,which suggests that both internal and external factors are significant in motivation.And next the author selects two internal factors (attitudes to language learning in general and attitudes to target language community and culture) and two external factors (parents and teachers),discussing their relevance to motivation in language learning.After that the author refers in her answer both to the wider literature on motivation and her own experience of motivation as a language teacher and learner.The author concludes the paper by drawing some practical implications from employing this model.     

学习起始年龄、成绩及语言焦虑对母语策略使用影响研究

从565名中国本科学习者的母语策略使用的影响因素问卷调查和书面报告结果来看,可以得出以下结论:学习者经常使用母语策略。与母语策略使用的相关度最高是语言焦虑,正相关;其次是英语成绩,负相关;最后是学习起始年龄,正相关。学习起始年龄对母语策略使用没有明显的预测力;成绩和语言焦虑可以解释母语策略使用25%的变异。书面报告结果支持问卷调查结果。