暖地杓兰——与碗兰属有密切关系的新种

Cypripedium subtropicum S.  C. Chen et K. Y. Lang is a phytogeography-cally significant new species with its habit, inflorescence and column very similar tothose of Selenipedilum of tropical America.  It is found in Mêdog of southeastern Xi-zang, China.  Its slender leafy stem bears at the summit a many-flowered raceme, am-ounting to 1.5 m in height. Although its ovary is unilocular—this is the reason whywe place it in Cypripedium, the column characters resemble those of Selenipedilum. Forexample, the staminode is rather small and its long stalk is very similar in texture andcolor to the filament of the fertile stamens. Obviously, it is a primitive new species re-lated to Selenipedilum based on the similarities mentioned above.      In the subfamily Cypripedioideae, as generally recognized, Selenipedilum is  themost primitive genus, from which or whose allies Cypripedium is derived.  Of phyto-geographical significance is the fact that Selenipedilum occurs in Central America andnorthern South America, while a cypripedium akin to it is discontinuously distributedin subtropical Asia.  This suggests that Selenipedilum or Selenipedilum-like  form beonce continually distributed in North America and eastern Asia when the climate therewas warmer, as it is in the subtropics today.  The floristic relationship between CentralAmerica and subtropical Asia appears to be closer than expected, as shown by the dis-tribution patterns of Tropidia, Erythrodes, etc.  Based on the occurrence of all six sec-tions and particularly the most primitive form in eastern Asia, Cypripedium seems tobe of Asian, rather than Central American, origin.  Selenipedilum possesses some veryprimitive characters, such as trilocular ovary, vanilla-scented fruit, seed with sclerotictesta, simple column and more or less suffrutescent habit.  The latter is considered byDahlgren & Clifford (1982) to be one of ancestral characters of monocotyledons, whichis now very rare not only in Orchidaceae but also in all monocotyledons.  It is indeednecessary to make further investigations on Selenipedilum and also the new species pub-lished here, as well as a detailed comparison between them.     

中国兰科线柱兰属一新记录种——黄花线柱兰

报道了中国兰科植物一新记录种,黄花线柱兰Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook. f.。本种的唇瓣橘黄色并呈“T”形,前唇裂片成方形,长宽近相等,唇瓣基部囊内各具一枚钩状胼胝体。     

中国阔蕊兰属植物的研究

  Peristylus is a genus of over 60 species, mainly distributed in the Old Worldtropics, with many species extending northwards to central China.   In the present paper, thetaxa of the genus hitherto recorded in China are taxonomically and phytogeographically dis-cussed and revised, and, as a result, 20 species are recognized, including one new species, P.jinchuanicus K. Y. Lang, and four new combinations, P. bulleyi (Rolfe) K. Y. Lang, P. for-restii (Schltr.) K. Y. Lang, P. longiracemus (Fukuyama)  K.  Y.  Lang and  P. neotineoides(Ames et Schltr.) K. Y. Lang. A full list of synonyms is given, a key to the species is pro-vided and the distribution areas in China of all the taxa are mapped.     

中国杓兰亚科植物的生态适应及繁殖生物学研究--中国科学院昆明植物研究所胡虹课题组成果

杓兰亚科（Cypripedioideae）是世界著名的观赏植物和云南颇具市场前景的野生观赏植物之一,包含杓兰属（Cypripedium）、兜兰属（Paphiopedilum）、美洲兜兰属（Phragmipedilum）、墨西哥兜兰属（Mexipedium）和碗兰属（Selenipedium）五个属,其中后三个属分布于中、南美洲。中国只产杓兰属和兜兰属,在云南地区物种尤为丰富。在地理分布上,杓兰属分布于北半球的温带及亚热带高山地区,兜兰属主产于亚洲至太平洋岛屿的热带和亚热带地区。在小生境方面,兜兰属为常绿植物,大部分种类生于树上或岩缝中;杓兰属所有种类都生长在较深厚的土壤里,冬季落叶休眠。这些暗示着兜兰属和杓兰属植物所能利用的资源和环境适应存在明显差异。     

中国天胡荽、变豆菜两亚科花粉形态的观察

本文报道了天胡荽亚科和变豆菜亚科的5属30种和2变种的花粉形态。研究表明,这两亚科有6种花粉类型,两亚科的花粉类型不相同但各自有相对的一致性,说明它们是两个自然类群;花粉形态的证据还说明了马蹄芹属归于天胡妥亚科的正确性等。     

四川紫菊属二新种

Two new species of the genus Notoseris (Compositae) are  describepfrom Sichuan Province, China. They are Notoseris nanchuanensis Shih,  N. dolicho-phylla Shih.     

贵州轮藻新分类群和新记录

本文报道采自贵州的轮藻植物,计有4个新种(平滑丽藻Nitella rasilis sp．nov., 沼泽丽藻N．paludosa sp．nov.,拟乳突丽藻N．pseudopapillata sp．nov．  贵州丽藻N．guizhouensis sp．nov．);1个新变种(奇异丽藻疏枝变种N．mirabilis var. libera var. nov.);3个新记录(笔状丽藻N．peni- cillata Braun缅甸轮藻Chara burmanica Pal,普生轮藻裸枝变种C．vulgaris var. gymnophylla (A．Br.) Nyman),  而拟松形轮藻 C.  pseudohydropitys Imahori为大陆首次发现。     

中国兔儿风属(菊科)资料

The genus, Ainsliaea DC. from China is revised in this paper. Threespecies, A. nana Y. C. Tseng, A. pingbianensis Y. G. Tseng and A. trinervis Y.C.  Tseng, are newly described;   two species, A.  chapaensis Merr.  and A.angustifolia Hook. f. et Thoms. ex C. B. Clarke are new records for China andtwo  new  combinations,  A.  apteroides (Chang)  Y.  C.  Tseng  and  A.macrocephala (Mattf.) Y. C. Tseng, are made. In addition, one species, A.hypoleuca  Diels  ex  Limpr.  and  four  varieties,  A.  bonatii  Beauverd  var.arachnoidea Beauverd,  A.  pteropoda DC.  var.  leiophylla Franch.,  A.  elegansHemsl. var. tomentosa Mattf. and A. glabra Hemsl. var.  tenuiculis (Mattf.)Chang, are reduced to synonyms.     

中国马兜铃属新分类群

 Four new species of the genus Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) are described asnew from China.  They are Aristolochia austrochinensis C. Y. Cheng & J. S. Ma, A. caulialataC. Y. Wu,  A. salweenensis C. Y. Cheng & J. S. Ma, and A. kunmingensis C. Y. Cheng &J. S. Ma. A naturalized species, A. ringens Vahl is also reported.     

五种黄芪属植物的核型分析

The karyotypes of five species in Astragalus (A. dahuricus DC., A. mongolicusBunge., A. adsurgens Pall., A. melilotoides Pell., A. huangheensis H. C. Fu., Y. H. Liu)were studied.  Among them, the karyotypes of A. dahuricus and A. melilotoides are re-ported for the first time.  While A. melilotoides is tetraploid (2n=4X=32), all the othersare found to be diploid (2n= 2X = 16).  Based on the comparison of karyotypes, the evolu-tionary order of these 5 species is discussed.     

中国轮藻门植物资料

Reported in this paper are two new species, one new variety, and three new re-cords of the Characeae collected in China.  They are Nitella anhuensis sp. nov., Chara pauci-carpa sp. nov., Nitella alleninda var. tenuireticulata var. nov., N. gracilliformis J. Grove., N.formosa T. F. Allen and Chara tenuispina A. Br.     

狭叶沙参复合体(桔梗科)的物种生物学研究

 通过对狭叶沙参复合体进行居群(共46个)采样、引种、栽培实验,生物学特性观察,染色体观察(已发表),杂交、同工酶比较、形态性状的定性定量分析、茎解剖和花粉形态的观察,发现：(1)该复合体主要进行异花授粉,实生苗第二年才抽茎生花;(2)32个居群的染色体计数表明,在辽宁东部、辽宁西部(绝大部分地区)和山西霍县的居群都为二倍体(2n=34),而其它地方的居群为四倍体(2n68);(3)叶的酯酶同工酶的变异大,和一些形态特征,尤其是叶的形态和大小的变异相似,而种子的酯酶同工酶则相当稳定;(4)通过9个居群的杂交试验,在狭叶沙参和石沙参四倍体居群间得到了一些F1种子,而辽宁西部二倍体与上述的四倍体居群间的杂交未产生任何F1种子;(5)性状分析(包括聚类分析与主成份分析)和茎解剖的研究,揭示了它们在叶、果实、花和种子的形态、髓纤维组织的有无、叶锯齿和花萼裂片齿的有无和多少等形状上的变异幅度,并据此分辨出8个宗。其中辽宁西部的二倍体宗形态上相当独特,被提升为种的等级。  其余7个宗,根据不同的分化程度被处理为三个种和5个亚种;(6)运用杂交指数法分析了石沙参和狭叶沙参在太行山一带杂交的可能性;(7)分析讨论了复合体内各类群的起源和进化关系。      

云南剪股颖属新分类群

In the paper two species and one variety of the genus Agrostis L. aredescribed as new from Yunnan Province, China. They are Agrostis lushuiensis,A. kunmingensis and A. myriantha Hook. f. var. yangbiensis.