教师发展的最高境界:教师生命自觉

根据教师对教育意义的觉解程度,我们将教师发展分为三种境界:以教育为职业的匠师境界、以教育为专业的能师境界、以教育为事业的人师境界——生命自觉的发展境界。教师生命自觉有利于教师潜力的最大发挥,有利于教师主体性的发展。教师生命自觉要求教师有思考生命的自觉、尊重生命的自觉、成长生命的自觉。     

Political Liberalism and Civic Education: The Liberal State and its Future Citizens

This article evaluates the conception of citizenship embodied in political liberalism as the core ingredient of a national syllabus designed to provide an uncontroversial yet substantial education in moral and political values in a liberal democratic state system. I argue ( pace recent work by Stephen Macedo) that Rawls's paradigmatic version of political liberalism fails to avoid begging the political question against those who do not share liberal values. I contend in particular that Rawls's defence of the distinction between comprehensive and political values and his assignment of priority to the latter, invokes an idea of what is politically reasonable that involves a comprehensive and therefore controversial liberal conception of the person.     

县(区)域内城乡义务教育教师交流研究——以安徽省亳州市为例

我国县(区)义务教育教师行业内交流主要有自主性交流和政策性交流。这两种交流都存在一定缺陷,存在单一性、非理性状态、流于形式等问题。新时期,对于大部分中东部地区来说,"村村通"工程的基本实现、城乡义务教育教师"同工同酬"的基本实现以及日益完善的教育制度,为县(区)义务教育教师双向、良性积极的交流提供了物质和制度基础。要真正实现可持续、良性循环的县(区)义务教育教师的交流,还应该注意几个问题:谁管人的问题、克服教师抵制交流的情绪问题和交流时间的问题。     

Appointment and Induction of Teacher Trainers (Fachseminarleiter,Seminarleiter) for the ‘Second Phase’ (Referendariat) of Teacher Education in Berlin (West)

This article deals with the selection of teacher trainers in the FRG. The author describes the recruitment and selection processes and techniques to select heads of ‘general training seminars’ (Seminarleiter,) and of ‘subject orientated seminars’ (Fachseminarleiter). As a result of the deficits of these methods of selection and placement training courses for future head teachers and school inspectors have been introduced by the Ministry of Education of Berlin (West). These courses seem to be quite attractive to young teachers as a method of “indirect counselling and guidance”.     

新自由主义、全球危机与人类的未来

新自由主义的一系列政策极大地激化了资本主义固有的经济、社会和环境方面的矛盾。全球经济自上个世纪80年代以来就处于反复的泡沫和危机之中,全球越来越广大的地区随之陷于停滞和通货紧缩的状况。同时,世界环境危机愈演愈烈,其根本原因是资本积累无限扩张的趋势与人类赖以生存的自然环境的物质有限性之间越来越尖锐、越来越不可调和的矛盾。解决这些矛盾的根本方法,就是转向社会主义。     

金登干(James·Duncan·Campbell)与《中法和约草约》

<中法和约草约>是中法战争中中国政府与法国政府所签定的一份和约.在这一和约的签定过程中,竟是一名法国人金登干作为中方政府代表与法国倒台政府的阁员外交大臣毕乐于1885年4月4日签订的,从而结束了中法战争.那么,金登干到底何许人也?他又为何能代表中国政府与法国签订和约呢?这正是本文所要探讨的问题.笔者从金登干的经历、才干、人事关系以至当时中法战争后时代选择金登干的诸多因素作了分析,欲破解这一历史之谜,以求教于方家.     

The Honour of the Science Teacher: Pupils, Knowledge, and Society

This address covers several aspects of a teacher's "sense of honour." There is the professional honour we accord ourselves as members of a group who have shared working values. This is shown to be seriously at risk in today's world of distrust in all experts. Research evidence helps to show how, through practice and reconstructed autobiography, teachers develop an important functional sense of personal identity. Pupils form a large part of the content of this practitioner honour, although the teachers' relationship with them is carefully distinguished from that between parent and child. It is further argued that the teachers' pedagogic knowledge of science is, and indeed should be, closer to post-modern epistemology than to the abstract logical approach taken during the Enlightenment. The final section looks at society's changing demands on education and how this affects teaching, teachers, and their sense of honour in the tasks they undertake.     

Local District Implementation of State Mandated Teacher Evaluation Policies and Procedures: The North Carolina Case

Although the states voice in the evaluation of North Carolinas teachers has been strong during recent years, inconsistent levels of resources and support have led to mixed results within and across districts. There have also been mixed messages regarding state support for locally developed alternative teacher evaluation systems. When the Excellent Schools Act of 1997 called for sweeping changes in the evaluation of teachers, it appeared to confer preferred status upon the NC Teacher Performance Appraisal System (TPAS) as a valid teacher evaluation instrument and to require locally developed alternatives to be at least as valid as the NC TPAS. A study of teacher evaluation practice in 27 North Carolina school districts 14 years after the initial implementation of the NC TPAS revealed more inconsistencies in teacher evaluation practice and somewhat lower support for the NC TPAS among teachers and administrators than desirable. The results illustrated that local implementation of state mandates is a complex and political process.     

清朝前期承德府、厅、州、县的设置及原因

承德自雍正元年到嘉咸年间先后设置了一府一州五县建制,其设置原因一是适应本地汉人迅速增加,加强管理的需要。二是为了纠正盟旗制度下旗札萨克管理的不力与偏差。三是清廷在新形势下治边思想的具体体现。内地行政管理体制的引入,不仅巩固了边疆,还推动了农业经济的发展。     

内蒙古自治区教师教育的现状及发展策略

内蒙古自治区的教师教育质量直接关系到内蒙古自治区中小学教师整体素质提升和基础教育的发展方向。当前内蒙古自治区教师教育存在着双语教学问题突出、办学特色明显弱化、课程模式陈旧等问题。在向综合化转型的过程中,内蒙古自治区的教师教育应该直面地区的基础教育,提高高师院校的双语教学水平,强化办学特色,创新培养模式,构建一体化的教师教育体系,促进内蒙古自治区教师教育专业化发展。     

Reflections on the Teacher Education System Overhaul (TESO) program in Ethiopia: Promises, pitfalls, and propositions

In 2003 the Ethiopian education system experienced wide-ranging reform that touches every aspect of the system. This reform is called TESO (Teacher Education System Overhaul). Designed to address educational problems in Ethiopia, TESO introduced significant structural changes and promised to bring a ‘paradigm shift’ in the Ethiopian educational system by engaging teacher education in changing society and promoting democratic, practical, and problem-solving education. This paper examines, through an analysis of the TESO document and an examination of the views of teacher educators, TESO’s assumptions, mission and the coherence among the various components of TESO. It also reveals gaps and discrepancies between TESO’s mission, its reform process, and strategies. The promise and assumptions of TESO are challenged by considering extant realities in Ethiopian schools and evidence from literature on effective teacher education programs and educational reform. The paper reflects on how, by giving priority to equity, TESO compromises on some elements of effective teacher education programs. It is indicated that TESO has been a welcome addition to the Ethiopian education system as it addresses elements that had previously been missing from the system, such as, outlining directions to teacher education, devoting longer duration for practicum, and heeding seriously to the professional preparation of teachers. At the same time, it is contended that the imbalance among program components, its permeability to ill-prepared students and the contradiction between program rhetoric and strategy and reform processes, as described by teacher educators, could be stumbling blocks which prevent TESO from fulfilling its promises.     

自由·平等·市场——哈耶克的自由主义教育观

哈耶克是当代新经济自由主义最具代表性的理论家。他从伦理学角度探讨自由与平等的含义,反对国家干预,倡导实行货币主义制度下的自由市场经济。哈耶克认为,国家干预只能减少自由,国家的功能应限制在维护财产权益和立法措施范围内,其他领域如医疗保险、抚恤金、教育等都应留给市场。哈耶克的自由主义教育观与他在政治、经济和社会问题上的看法基本一致。他指出,“一如在其他领域那般,在思想和精神领域内保持自由,从长远来看,将依赖于对物质资源的控制权的分散,亦将依赖于那些能够将大量资金用于他们所认为的重要目标的个人的始终存在。”哈耶…     

"双师型"职教教师的概念解读(上)

“双师型”教师是职业教育教师队伍建设的重点,然而,在职教界无论是理论工作者,还是实践工作者,对“双师型”教师的认识与理解还未达成一致。因此,“双师型”职教教师概念的澄清与诠释,对促进我国职教师资队伍建设的健康发展具有十分重要的意义。