Using Science Biographies to Understand Science: Why and How?

Science & Education -     

Lessons from the Past: Reviewing How We Teach Science,What’s Changed,and Why It Matters

Science & Education -     

Assessing and Enhancing Pre-service Science Teachers’ Self-Efficacy to Teach Science Through Argumentation: Challenges and Possible Solutions

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of an intervention on pre-service science teachers’ self-efficacy to teach science through argumentation and explore the challenges they experienced while implementing argumentation. Forty pre-service science teachers in their final semester of schooling participated in an intervention that lasted for 11 weeks. Intervention focused on participants’ understanding of argumentation as a scientific practice and as a pedagogical tool. The participants engaged in argument construction, evaluation, and critique, taught three argumentation lessons, engaged in peer observation of teaching, and reflection on their teaching skills. Data were collected through Argumentation Self-Efficacy Scale and an open-ended questionnaire. The results show that the intervention had a significantly positive effect on pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy. Despite this reported self-efficacy, participants experienced significant challenges in guiding their students to construct scientific arguments and assessing the arguments developed by their students. Discussion focuses on implications for professional development of pre-service and in-service science teachers.     

How to Use It

Sorry is never good enough.对不起有什么用!A:I am sorry. 对不起.B:Sorry?Sorry is never good enough. 对不起?对不起有什么用!     

How to Use It

1.mess up打乱,弄砸了 A:I am terribly sorry I am late. 很抱歉我迟到了. B:Please!Your late arrival messed up our plan. 拜托!你的迟到已经把我们的计划打乱了.     

How to Use It

psycho疯子A:I’ve had enough of that psycho.I don’t want to dealwith her any more. 我受够那个疯子了。我不想再跟她有任何瓜葛。B:Please,Jack.I believe it’s only a misunderstanding. 不要这样子,杰克。我相信这只是一场误会罢了。“psycho”和“psychopath”、“nut”等都是“疯子”的意思。被形容成疯子的人也许只是一时对一些事情反应激烈,而不见得是真正的精神病患者。“psycho”本身也是形容词,同样有“疯了”或“精神病的”意思。     

How to Say It

1.My lips are sealed.我的嘴巴被封住了。(表示自己口风很紧)“Don’t tell Mary,I want to give her a surprise.”“别告诉玛丽,我要给她一个惊喜。”“Don’t worry,my lips are sealed.”“别担心,我的嘴巴很紧。”     

How to Say It

green(=new hand) (1)生手,没有经验的(2)妒忌I don't think I can handle it by myself.I'm still pretty green. 我认为我单独应付不了这件事,我仍然是个新手。He was green with envy. 他妒忌了。     

Crossing the Border from Science Student to Science Teacher: Preservice Teachers’ Views and Experiences Learning to Teach Inquiry

Preservice science teachers face numerous challenges in understanding and teaching science as inquiry. Over the course of their teacher education program, they are expected to move from veteran science students with little experience learning their discipline through inquiry instruction to beginning science teachers adept at implementing inquiry in their own classrooms. In this study, we used Aikenhead’s (Sci Educ 81: 217–238, 1997, Science Educ 85:180–188, 2001) notion of border crossing to describe this transition preservice teachers must make from science student to science teacher. We examined what one cohort of eight preservice secondary science teachers said, did, and wrote as they both conducted a two-part inquiry investigation and designed an inquiry lesson plan. We conducted two types of qualitative analyses. One, we drew from Costa (Sci Educ 79: 313–333, 1995) to group our preservice teacher participants into one of four types of potential science teachers. Two, we identified successes and struggles in preservice teachers’ attempts to negotiate the cultural border between veteran student and beginning teacher. In our implications, we argue that preservice teachers could benefit from explicit opportunities to navigate the border between learning and teaching science; such opportunities could deepen their conceptions of inquiry beyond those exclusively fashioned as either student or teacher.     

Commitment to Teach in Under-Resourced Schools: Prospective Science and Mathematics Teachers’ Dispositions

In this exploratory study, we sought to gain an understanding of what motivates prospective teachers who are Noyce Scholars at a research-intensive southeastern US university to commit to teaching secondary level science or mathematics in school districts that have a high proportion of students who come from low-socioeconomic households. An interpretive methodology revealed three themes associated with Noyce Scholars’ motivations to teach (1) awareness of educational challenges, (2) sense of belonging to or comfort with diverse communities, and (3) belief that one can serve as a role model and resource. The paper describes and compares the significance of each theme among six prospective teachers who identify with the schooling experiences of students who came from low-income or poor households and nine prospective teachers who identify with the schooling experiences in a middle-income school or district. The implication of this study supports the importance of recruiting prospective science and mathematics teachers who have knowledge of and a disposition to work with learners from low-income or poor households, even if those prospective teachers are not themselves the members of under-served populations.     

How to Teach Integrated Skills to College Students

English is taught throughout China. What skills will be used and how many skills will be involved depends on the materials available and the classroom situation. However, given these circumstances, a major problem that has always concerned many teachers of English is how to make full use of techniques and approaches in the classroom to teach English effectively. To an English teacher, the only way to achieve this aim is to collect good and interesting coursebooks, to adopt a communicative methodology and to integrate the four skills, i.e. listening, speaking,     

Preservice Elementary Teachers’ Development of Self-Efficacy and Confidence to Teach Science: A Case Study

This study examines the self-efficacy of one preservice elementary school teacher (Kasey) during and after her participation in Science in Childhood Education—a 16-week, elementary preservice science methods course. The case study of this teacher is situated in the context of the class as a whole. This is accomplished through interviewing the one teacher and examining artifacts and observations of the entire class. The results of these experiences are studied to determine what changes have taken place in the participants’ self-efficacy in science teaching as well as the one preservice teacher in greater detail. Because self efficacy is influential to student learning, the results of this study have significant implications for the design of elementary teacher education programs and the support of elementary teachers in teaching science.     

How Long Did It Take to Build It?

Peter,anAmericanboy ,ispayinghisfirstvisittoParis.Hesetsoutto　 1　somefamousplacesinthecitywithafriend .Whentheycome　 2　theEiffelTower(埃菲尔铁塔 ) ,Peteraskshisfriend ,“Howlongdidittaketobuildthistower?”“Twoyears,”sayshisFrenchfriend .“Twoyears ?”shoutsPeter,“Wecan　 3　itjustinsixmonthsin　 4　city.”Thetwo　 5　attheTriumphalArch (凯旋门 )whenPeterasksthe　 6　question .Afterhehearsthatittooksixmonths ,hecan’thelp　 7　 .Hetellshisfriend ,“Weonlyneedonemonthtodothejob .”…     

How to Read Shakespeare or Bus Schedules——What Should English Teachers Teach?

Many educators have rung alarmbells about the effects of the No Child Left Behind Act's testing requirements on the classroom curriculum. They fear these are narrowing the curriculum. They claim teachers are spending most of their time preparing students to pass state tests in reading and mathematics. If reading tests do influence what is taught, the high school literature curriculum may well become     

Researching Primary Teachers’ Professional Agency: Employing Interactive Ethnography to Overcome Reluctance to Teach Science

Research in Science Education - This paper provides a report of a case study on the professional agency of an experienced early years teacher, Sarah, who successfully embedded a chemical science...     

History, Philosophy and Science Teaching: Some Answers to “How?”

The study of the history and philosophy of science in school science courses is highly recommended. This paper deals with the methodological aspects derived from research in science education and how they have to be taken into account in order to generate effective classroom activities, so that history and philosophy are not relegated to the status of additional rhetoric of conclusions in an extensive curricula. This is illustrated with the analysis of episodes ___ transcribed from videotape records ___ which took place when such activity was introduced into high school physics classes. This analysis has shown that students, when working in cooperative groups over problematic historical episodes, may come to discuss essential features of science. This not only provides a more realistic view of science, but also enhances cognitive and argumentation skills, besides emphasizing the importance of teachers' guidance.     

New Curricular Material for Science Classes: How Do Students Evaluate It?

Living in an unpredictable and ever changing society demands from its’ citizens the development of complex competencies that challenges school, education and curriculum. PARSEL, a pan-European Project related to science education, emerges as a contribution to curricular development as it proposes a set of teaching-learning materials (modules) in order to make science classes more popular and relevant in the eyes of the students and as such to increase their interest with school science. The goal of this study was to understand how students evaluate those innovative modules. This paper presents data concerning 134 secondary students, collected through interviews, questionnaires and written documents. A quantitative analysis of the data collected through questionnaires was complemented by a qualitative analysis of the data collected by interviews and written documents. Results show that understanding the relationship between science and daily life, participating in practical activities based on problem solving and developing critical thinking and reasoning were the issues most valued by students.     

超级成语SHOW How to Use It

1.return sb’s call回某人电话A:Did you just call Ann again?How’s she?你刚才又给安打电话了吗?她怎么样?