城市道路系统布置应满足的几点要求

道路系统是一个城市交通繁荣的重要载体，因此城市道路系统的规划在遵循城市用地规划的基础上，应合理布局。本文针对这一情况就道路系统的布置提出了几点要求，以适应城市交通向现代化方向发展的需要。     

城市110 kV智能变电站总布置设计研究

城市变电站一般位于城市中心且周边环境较为复杂,其总布置设计需满足城市规划和退让要求,为优化城市智能变电站总布置设计方案,满足各项规范的距离要求,文章结合武汉市某地变电站的设计经验,介绍了城市智能变电站的选址要求、设计要求和布置过程,为类似工程设计提供参考与借鉴.     

关于电动汽车动力系统总布置设计的研究

"全球40%的石油被汽车消耗,中国是世界第一能源消费大国,57%的石油依赖进口,且即将突破60%的安全线。",以及日益严重的环境污染使得中国发展电动汽车比任何国家都更加紧迫。政府对新能源汽车的支持有目共睹。据"十二五"规划,中国未来5年将投入超过1000亿元资金,扶持新能源汽车发展。根据《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划》,预计新能源汽车2015年销量将达25万辆,2020年300万辆,相对于2012年9000多辆的水平,未来新能源汽车的销量将增加近27倍。汽车性能的优劣不仅取决于汽车各部件的性能,而且在很大程度上取决于各部件的协调和配合,取决于总体布置;总体设计水平的高低对汽车的设计质量、使用性能和产品生命力起决定性的影响。     

关于初三数学作业的布置与批改

教师应重视作业的布置与批改。然而布置与批改作业并非想象的那么简单。要让作业发挥最大的效益,教师在教学工作中还得讲究一定的技巧。数学科尤为突出。     

关于座位组合与布置的科学研究与实践

随着学校教育教学的主要目标的不断改变,从古至今教室的座位布置方式也在不断的改革。本文通过对比古代和现代的教室座位布置方式的变化,结合现在小学英语教学的主要教学目标,和实际的教学经验,对于当代小学英语课堂的座位布置作出论述。     

关于建筑室内排水管道的施工和布置

介绍在以往施工中发现的有关排水管道施工和布置方面的问题,浅谈自己的解决方法和认识。     

关于铁路曲线正矢和缓和曲线超高布置的探讨

通过对既有铁路曲线正矢和缓和曲线超高的重新合理布置,结合兰新铁路既有曲线正矢和缓和曲线超高布置方法进行比较,确定一种更加科学合理的既有铁路曲线正矢和缓和曲线超高的布置方法,以适应既有铁路提速后曲线维修养护的高标准、精益化.     

滚装船及滚装码头布置的初步分析

随着我国交通事业的不断发展,并且由于隧道以及路桥的局限性,滚装船运输事业得到了长足的进步,在我国得到了广泛的使用。虽然现阶段滚装船运输事业正处于发展的黄金阶段,但是由于我国在滚装码头、滚装船的布置方面长期处于落后的局面,严重影响了滚装船运输事业的进步。因此,本文笔者根据个人多年来相关行业工作经验,并结合当前我国滚装船以及滚装码头布置得实际情况,先对滚装船运输的发展历程进行介绍,继而对滚装码头的布置方法进行分析,最后再对滚装船及滚装码头的布置特点进行介绍,希望可以起到抛砖引玉的作用,在推动我国运输事业不断向前发展的同时,也为我国经济的可持续发展增添新的动力。     

小学数学作业布置研究

数学作业是数学教学环节中重要的一环,是教师检查自身教学效果的一种重要反馈手段,它能够丰富学生的知识储备,扩大知识面,帮助学生巩固当天所学知识,发展学生的智力和创造才能,是数学课堂教学的延续。如何根据小学生身心发展水平,以新课程标准为依据,设计出新颖、有趣、分层次、探索、开放的新型数学作业,应引起我们数学教师的重视。     

管廊结构布置浅谈

在工业建筑特别是石油化工企业中,管架及管廊是必不可少的设施,但因其附属地位,不能引起设计人员的足够重视,一般延续老的做法草草计算就出手,业主亦不太计较这些无关轻重设施的投入。导致管廊设计的观念逐渐老化,成本增加。     

Hierarchical estimation of vehicle state and tire forces for distributed in-wheel motor drive electric vehicle without previously established tire model

In this paper, a hierarchical estimator combined with the nonlinear observer and particle filter (PF) is proposed to accurately estimate the vehicle state and tire forces of distributed in-wheel motor drive electric vehicles (DIMDEVs) when the traditional tire models are not available. The proposed estimator consists of lower and upper layers. The lower layer, i.e. longitudinal tire force nonlinear observer (LTFNO) aims at estimating the longitudinal force based on the available drive/brake torques and rotational speed of wheels. The convergence of LTFNO is proved by the invariant set principle. The upper layer receives these estimated longitudinal tire forces from LTFNO and estimates the vehicle state including lateral tire forces based on an expert model (EM). The designed EM utilizes basic knowledge and rules about tire characteristics to approximate the unknown lateral tire force. The upper estimator combines with EM (EEM) to further improve the accuracy. The EEM takes the modeling errors and disturbances into account and avoids the usage of complex established tire models. Then PF is applied in the upper layer to complete the estimation, which only needs measurable longitudinal/lateral accelerations and yaw rate signals. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed hierarchical estimator is verified by Carsim and Simulink co-simulations. The results show the proposed strategy can accurately estimate the vehicle state and tire forces in real-time.     

备件的联合库存模式研究

备件管理是资产密集型企业管理的重要内容。在分析库存三要素的基础上，阐述了库存模式发展的历程，分析了备件联合库存的不同表现形式及在我国实行备件联合库存的意义，最后提出了实施备件联合库存的策略。     

中国商业银行信息披露机制的构建研究

当前中国商业银行信息披露制度存在着设计上的缺陷，不能有效防范金融风险和银行金融机构市场化。在分析中国商业银行信息披露制度现状和存在的问题基础上，构造商业银行信息披露的基本框架。     

智能车辆通信管理系统研究

RFID是物联网中的一项重要技术,具有安全、实惠、高效等特点,受到了广泛的关注和研究。文章提出了一种基于UHF RFID的智能车辆管理系统,该系统由RFID硬件系统、CDMA系统、GIA系统、数据处理系统组成,可实现车辆智能识别、定位、跟踪、速度测量、监控和管理,以解决当前严峻的道路拥堵、超速、车辆防盗、车辆超载管理等问题。软件和基于RFID的智能车辆管理系统的硬件设计,重点介绍系统、安全设计、RFID卡和车辆出入控制软件的功能选择。车辆管理系统不仅方便,而且车辆和车辆被盗的智能识别,在社区、学校、停车场和车辆管理方面具有良好的应用前景。     

我国商业银行风险评价研究

商业银行风险管理是商业银行经营管理中的重要内容。以商业银行风险为研究对象,对商业银行风险进行评价。在构建指标体系后,本文采用层次分析法和熵权法两种方法来确定各指标的权重,最后通过该指标体系和计算出来的权重,得出16家上市商业银行风险得最终得分值,对这16家商业银行的风险水平进行比较,做出评价。     

商业网站企业的基础理论研究

随着互联网经济的发展,涌现出很多新的企业形式,商业网站企业就是其中一种。本文区分了网络企业与互联网企业的概念,对互联网企业的定义及分类进行了阐述,在此基础上提出了商业网站企业的概念并对它的定义、范围、分类及特点进行了阐述。     

Path tracking control strategy for the intelligent vehicle considering tire nonlinear cornering characteristics in the PWA form

To improve the path tracking control performance of the intelligent vehicle under critical maneuvers, a novel control strategy is introduced in this work. Considering that the tire cornering characteristics show high nonlinearities and uncertainties under those special driving conditions, a three-dimensional piecewise affine (PWA) identification method is proposed to realize the nonlinear modeling of the tire cornering characteristics for the first time. On this basis, the PWA model of the vehicle lateral dynamics is established. To obtain the vehicle target yaw rate for path tracking, a driver direction control model with adaptive preview time is put forward. Then, the linear quadratic optimal control method is further adopted to design multiple path tracking controllers for different working areas of the affine subsystems, thus the optimal steering angles of the front wheels can be generated to guarantee the path tracking performance for the intelligent vehicle under a wide range of driving conditions. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed path tracking control strategy which considers the tire nonlinear cornering characteristics in the PWA form, the CarSim-Simulink co-simulation work is conducted. The co-simulation results show that the proposed control strategy presents significant performance advantages over the other two methodologies and demonstrates satisfactory path tracking control performance.     

Integrated tire slip energy dissipation and lateral stability control of distributed drive electric vehicle with mechanical elastic wheel

Stability and energy consumption have always been important issues in electric vehicle research. Excessive slip energy not only aggravates tire wear, but also consumes energy of electric vehicle. In order to ensure the lateral stability and to reduce the slip energy dissipation of the distributed drive electric vehicle (DDEV) equipped with Mechanical Elastic Wheel (MEW), an integrated framework considering both tire slip energy dissipation and lateral stability control is proposed. The SESC (Slip Energy and Stability Control) is a hierarchical control framework for DDEV with MEW. A PID speed tracking controller and an (Integral Terminal Slide Mode) ITSM controller are designed at the upper-level controller. The ITSM controller can improve the lateral stability of the vehicle by obtaining the desired yaw moment. Speed tracking controller can stabilize the speed of the vehicle and obtain the desired longitudinal force. At the lower-level controller, the brush model of the MEW is proposed to express tire slip energy. In order to reduce the error of the vehicle dynamics and the slip energy dissipation, a mixed objective function including a holistic corner controller (HCC) and a minimum tire slip energy characterization is proposed. The proposed control framework is verified by Carsim and Matlab/Simulink under emergency simulation conditions. The simulation results show that the SESC based method can improve the lateral stability of DDEV with MEW effectively, and has better performance compared with fuzzyPID+AD based method. Meanwhile, the SESC achieves less slip energy than conventional torque distribution method.     

区域网络零售商物流配送网络规划研究

针对现代网络销售过程中配送路线规划的实际问题,充分考虑客户收货点的随机性、分布散的特点,将配送区域划分为合理的投递网点,转化为对投递点的路径优化问题,以最小化行驶里程目标,建立了物流配送路径优化模型,提出基于聚类的改进两阶段启发式算法。通过第一阶段的聚类算法,对配送网点进行划分,大幅降低问题规模,将问题转化为小规模的单车线路优化问题;第二阶段对每个分区内的投递网点,采用遗传算法求解。实验结果表明该算法能够整体上大幅降低企业配送成本。     

商业银行组合风险量化管理方法研究

组合风险的量化管理是商业银行风险管理的发展趋势，对当今国际上最流行的能对组合风险进行量化管理的VaR和CrerlitMeutrics方法作了具体的研究，分析了这两种方法在我国商业银行中应用存在的问题，并给出了几点建议。