Hospital libraries in the United States: historical antecedents

The hospital health sciences library of today that reaches out to the world knowledge base through electronic networks bears little resemblance to its forebears. Yet to understand the challenges and future directions of the hospital library it is necessary to examine how it began and how it has evolved in more than 200 years. This paper identifies five developmental periods in which major strides were made: the colonial years through the 19th century; World War I to the Great Depression; World War II and the 1950s; the 1960s--the Great Society and the Medical Library Assistance Act; and the 1970s, an era of growth for hospital libraries.     

Health sciences libraries in the United States: new directions

This article is the third in a series in this regular feature. The intention of the series is to look at important global developments in health science libraries. These articles will serve as a road map, describing the key changes in the field and exploring factors driving these changes. The present article by the current president of the Medical Library Association outlines two important developments in the United States. The topics chosen for consideration are national initiatives in the United States impacting health sciences libraries and librarians and enhanced roles for U.S. health sciences librarians in providing support for research. J.M.     

美国高校图书馆中的移动流通自助服务

调研移动流通自助服务模式,即读者利用其个人电子设备（如智能手机等）及移动应用程序实现流通借阅的自助服务模式及其应用现状和问题。对50余个美国高校图书馆工作人员进行问卷调查,结果显示尽管移动流通自助服务的概念被普遍认可,但实现仍需时日。调查中,超过1/3（占35%）的图书馆设有自助服务台,一半以上（占51%）的图书馆工作人员对自助服务应用程序有所了解,但有超过2/3（占70%）的图书馆近期没有考虑设置移动流通自助服务。本研究提供的信息和数据将有助于为高校及公共图书馆是否使用移动流通自助服务提供决策支持,以应对读者与日俱增的数字阅读习惯及其对移动服务的需求。     

Globalization and the Internationalization of Legal Education in the United States: An Annotated Bibliography

Globalization and its influence on legal education is a topic of growing interest to the legal profession and to legal educators alike. The first articles on the subject appeared in the mid-1990s, and the frequency of publications has been increasing ever since. This bibliography provides annotations to English-language law journal articles published between 1995 and 2008 that focus on the impact of globalization on legal education in the United States.     

Medical collections in public libraries of the United States: a brief historical study

During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it was not unusual for a public library in the United States to include a collection of medical books among its resources. The origin and development of these collections, the growth of the movement, and the factors which contributed to the eventual withdrawal of these collections from the public library are recounted here.     

Institutional repository software platforms at undergraduate libraries in the United States

For primarily undergraduate institutions, institutional repositories can become effective tools for communicating and showcasing faculty and student research, facilitating open access initiatives, or supporting new scholarly communication practices. Choosing the right software platform is crucial to the success of a repository initiative. The literature suggests that there are only two or three software platforms heavily used in undergraduate libraries. This article aims to give a landscape of the repository platforms used in sixty-seven undergraduate libraries in the United States in late 2013; it also includes the results of a short survey about current institutional repository software platforms and users/administrators’ satisfaction.     

图书馆的联合国文献收藏工作概览

从地域分布的角度较为详细地对我国21所联合国文献托存图书馆的收藏工作进行了介绍,阐述了我国各托存图书馆现状,并对第一次中国联合国托存图书馆馆员培训研讨会作了简单介绍。     

Security and crime in health sciences libraries in the southern United States

Crime is a part of life that has become more evident in libraries through reports in journals, newspapers, television, and other media. As the result of a sharing session, a survey was conducted of the libraries composing the South Central Chapter of the Medical Library Association. This survey looked at the incidence of major and minor crimes in the libraries and their institutions; security measures, regulations, or policies that were in effect prior to these or having been initiated since; and the effect the crimes and/or security measures have had on the institution and its employees.     

Perceptions of artificial intelligence: A survey of academic librarians in Canada and the United States

This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of librarians with regard to artificial intelligence in academic libraries. An online survey of 24 questions was distributed through library distribution lists in Canada and the United States at the end of the summer in 2019. Findings suggest that librarians do not agree on a definition of artificial intelligence which is in keeping with this emerging field. The survey responses highlight the fact that academic librarians require more training with regard to artificial intelligence and its potential applications in libraries. Other important implications include a recognition that library patrons are interested in AI and that little to no programming about it has been offered in academic libraries. Very few studies have focused on academic librarians' perceptions of AI. This article highlights some useful practical implications for AI technologies in libraries and how AI could help improve library services and workflows.     

Health science libraries in the United States: I. Overview of the post-World War II years

Data from three surveys of health sciences libraries in the United States (1969, 1973, and 1979) were analyzed within the context of scientific, technological, and sociopolitical developments. Findings included decrease in the number of separately administered libraries, growth of some, decline or discontinuation of others, and geographic movement. Overall, the aggregate resources are increasing, as is cooperation among libraries.     

美国公共图书馆馆员素质探微

本文从美国公共图书馆员现状出发，对照新世纪美国公共图书馆对馆员素质的新要求，弓l发出对新世纪我国公共图书馆馆员素质的几点思考。     

A research agenda for special libraries

The Special Libraries Association (SLA), an international professional association that represents 14,000 information resource experts, is a key influence in defining and meeting the research priorities of the special library community. In June 1986, SLA's Board of Directors formed the Special Committee on Research with the charge of determining if a research program was a necessity for SLA, and, if so, to establish a'comprehensive research strategy, in particular focusing on issues especially relevant to special librarianship and information management. In June 1988, The Board of Directors voted to establish an in-house research department and a standing Research Committee, which formulated a research agenda subsequently approved by the Board in June 1989. SLA's research agenda sets forth priorities and serves as the keystone to all research conducted by and for the Association. In June 1990, the SLA Board of Directors reaffirmed the Association's commitment to research by approving the Strategic Planning Committee's recommendation that research be one of the top priorities for the next five years. This article reviews SLA's research agenda, current research activities and future priorities, and comments on the importance of research to the special library community.     

A survey of nursing libraries in the Northern Region

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Myth or reality: The absence of evangelical Christian fiction titles in the public libraries of the United States

With the emergence of evangelical Christian popular culture, debate persists about whether public libraries in the United States are purchasing evangelical Christian fiction. This study examines the presence or absence of best-selling evangelical Christian fiction titles from 1990 to 1999 in public libraries in comparison with the presence or absence of mainstream fiction bestsellers from the same period. Public libraries of some states purchase more evangelical fiction titles than others, and the proportion of evangelical fiction titles relative to total fiction titles also varies widely from state to state, and from census region to census region. Using data on the percentage of total religious adherents and evangelical adherents, variously defined, in states and census regions of the United States, a series of indexes was developed to rank states according to the proportion of their evangelical fiction titles in public libraries relative to the percentage of their evangelical population. In addition, there was a statistically significant relationship between the proportion of evangelical adherents in a state and the proportion of evangelical fiction titles held as a percentage of total fiction titles in public libraries, even when total expenditures for books and per capita expenditures were controlled for.     

The administration of international exchanges in academic libraries: A survey

For decades acquisition by exchange has been an important feature employed by libraries in the United States and abroad for maintaining international coverage for research collections. Declining resources, however, have pressured libraries into maintaining greater financial accountability in recent years, thereby causing a finer scrutiny of all acquisitions programs including international exchanges.Through a review of the literature and a special survey of thirteen ARL libraries, this study investigates how international exchanges are administered, how their needs and support may be changing, and how they are viewed and valued as acquisition programs by library administrators and collection development officers. It concludes that international exchanges are considered as cost effective and necessary components of acquisition programs in most research libraries. It also demonstrates that only exchanges with the Soviet Union have been adequately researched and that more in-depth research on exchanges with libraries in other countries and regions is justified.     

Medical school libraries in the United States and Canada built between 1961 and 1971.

Twenty-four medical school libraries in the United States and Canada built between 1961 and 1971 were surveyed by means of questionnaires and visits. Results indicated that half of these libraries will have reached maximum functional capacity approximately six years after they moved into their new quarters. Space for technical processing is generally much less than required. Special features and examples of effective planning are described, and problems in arrangement, traffic patterns for people and materials, and the lack of logical expansion space are discussed. Comparisons are made with a similar survey of twenty medical school libraries made in 1961.