渗透分类思想,强化分类意识

分类讨论的思想方法在初中数学学习中有广泛应用.数学概念中的分类讨论,性质定理中的分类讨论,开放条件中的分类讨论,图形变化中的分类讨论,定理证明中的分类讨论等,在教学过程中,应该有意识地突出分类讨论思想,并在具体教学过程中努力体现,适时渗透,逐步强化分类意识,养成善于分类的思维习惯.     

中国高校分类标准体系的哲学基础与实用价值

高校分类标准,作为分类尺度,是高校类质与类量的直接统一;作为分类根据,是高校类同一与类差别的统一。高校资产所有权一级分类标准、高等教育收费调控权二级分类标准、高校管辖权一级分类标准、学位授予权一级、二级分类标准、重点学科三级分类标准、科研成果一级分类标准,是具有这两种统一的高校分类标准,并组成中国高校分类标准体系。在此基础上建立的中国高校分类体系,有利于政府促进高校在多方面办出特色。     

分类讨论思想方法的应用

分类讨论的思想方法是科学地研究与解决数学问题最重要的方法之一．在数学教学中,学生利用分类讨论的思想方法解决数学问题时,常常会出现易重、易漏的现象．要解决这个问题,教师要引导学生先确定分类的对象,然后选择分类的标准,最后确定分类的结果．在这里,确定分类的对象是分类的前提,选择分类的标准是分类的关键,确定分类的结果是分类的终结．现就其应用举例说明如下：     

用分类讨论思想优化初中数学解题教学

《义务教育数学课程标准(2022年版)》明确指出,“分类”是一种重要的数学思想,在数学教学中教师应引导学生树立分类讨论的意识,认识什么是分类,如何分类,掌握分类的标准,能够在分类讨论中认识分类对象的性质.为了让学生掌握分类讨论思想和分类的方法,并且能够在数学问题解答中运用分类讨论的方法,教师要优化数学解题教学的指导方式,引领学生逐渐掌握分类讨论思想,提升数学问题解答的能力.基于此,文章首先分析了分类讨论的应用原则,又重点针对初中数学解题教学阐述了分类讨论思想的实践运用策略,以供参考.     

如何在初中数学教学中渗透分类讨论思想

分类讨论是人们常用的重要思想方法,在生产活动、科学实验、日常的生活中都常需要用到它.因此在初中数学教学中,教师要注重数学分类讨论思想方法的渗透、概括和总结,要重视数学分类讨论思想方法在解题中的指导作用.本文从以下几点简述如何在初中数学教学中渗透分类讨论思想. 一、在概念教学中渗透分类讨论意识 分类讨论是重要的数学思想方法,但初中学生分类讨论的意识不强,不知道哪些问题需要分类及如何进行合理分类.这就需要教师在教学中结合教材,创设情景,给予强化,启发诱导,揭示分类讨论思想的本质,从而培养学生自觉应用分类讨论的意识.     

数学分类讨论思想的认识

分类讨论思想是对所研究问题可能出现的各种情况进行分类,予以分析解决.此题型涉及知识面广,突出考查学生思维的严谨性和周密性,对学生分析问题和解决问题的能力要求都很高.本文主要在于探讨解分类讨论题的突破口,即为什么要分类、对谁分类以及怎样正确分类和在分类过程中要注意的事项.在分类过程中,要树立一个正确的分类标准,确保分类结果科学,做到不重不漏.     

分类方法在小学数学教学中的运用

分类方法是数学学习中最常见的思想方法,可以优化学生的解题思维。在小学数学教学中运用分类方法,教师要培养学生分类意识,分类理清数学概念,分类归纳整理,进行量性分类以及开展分类讨论等,让学生通过掌握分类思想去发现潜在的数学语言和规律,在学习数学的初级阶段形成初步的数学思想与概念,习得基本的数学方法,在小学阶段打好数学学习的基础。     

高等教育分类的方法论思考

高等教育分类问题研究是实现我国高校分类指导、特色发展的理论前提,科学的分类必须关注分类的方法论,即分类必须建立在对高等教育发展现状和趋势的准确把握之上,运用合理的分类方法,以不断更新的分类体系指导高等教育和高校科学发展、自主发展。     

小学数学教学中分类思想的渗透策略

分类讨论方法是数学思想方法中的一种重要思想方法。在小学各年级、各学段教材以及各数学领域中都有广泛的渗透。教学中,教师要善于在数学知识的学习过程中培养学生的分类意识,要充分结合集合思想进行渗透教学,要在问题解决过程中深化分类讨论方法,在统计知识的教学中体现分类思想,在复习整理中充分应用分类思想,从而帮助学生掌握分类讨论方法,形成分类思想。     

高校分类标准：尺度与根据

高校分类标准,作为分类尺度,是高校类质与类量的直接统一;作为分类根据,是高校类同一与类差别的统一.具有这两种统一的高校分类标准,是高校资产所有权一级分类标准、高等教育收费调控权二级分类标准、高校管辖权一级分类标准、学位授予权一级、二级分类标准、重点学科三级分类标准、科研成果一级分类标准.依据由这些标准组成的高校分类标准体系而建立的中国高校分类体系,有利于政府促进高校在多方面办出特色.     

水稻育秧方法对秧苗素质及育秧成本的影响

本文报道了湿润育秧、塑料软盘育秧、旱育秧三种育秧方法培育的秧苗素质及育秧成本的差异.结果表明:旱育秧培育的秧苗素质最好,而育秧成本最低.     

A response to Padeliadu: can student attitudes exist outside the school climate?

The present study explored typically developing children’s understanding of, and attitudes towards, the inclusion of children with physical disabilities (PD) in mainstream settings. The 60 children who participated in the study attended sixth grade in two mainstream primary schools (30 in contact with a child with PD and 30 without such contact). They filled in a questionnaire to measure understanding of disabilities and one to explore attitudes towards inclusion. Analyses revealed that children in contact with a child with PD had a better understanding of the emotional and social problems associated with the presence of PD than the comparison group. Moreover, children in contact with a child with PD expressed more positive attitudes towards the inclusion of children with PD in relation to children without such contact. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of contact in the formation of more positive attitudes towards the inclusion of children with PD.     

重型脑损伤昏迷病人鼻饲并发症护理

目的探讨重型脑损伤昏迷病人鼻饲及常见并发症的护理要点。方法对113例重型脑损伤鼻饲患者采取一系列护理干预措施,减少并发症的发生。结果113例鼻饲患者中出现返流14例,误吸3例,腹泻28例,胃潴留13例,脱管9例,堵管4例。结论长期鼻饲过程中并发症虽然是难以完全避免的,但大部分并发症可以通过护患双方的共同干预而减少。     

Traditional Chinese Values and Attitudes of Chinese University Students toward People with Intellectual Disabilities

The purpose of the study was to explore relationships between traditional Chinese values and attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities. A total of 534 college students in China participated in the study. Two instruments that measure Chinese values and attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities were used. Results indicated that the value of cultivation of virtues (benevolence, humanity, and a sense of justice) was positively related to attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities; and that the values of social traditionalism and cultural inwardness (cultural superiority and intolerance) were negatively correlated with attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities. Additionally, university students majoring in special education or with more knowledge of disabilities had more favourable attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities than university students majoring in regular education or with little knowledge of disabilities. Implications of the findings are discussed in the context of socio‐economic environments in China.     

浅析赵翼论六言诗兼谈六言诗的发展

赵翼在《陔馀丛考》中有关六言诗的评价可谓触及六言诗发展的实质问题。本文通过解读赵翼关于六言诗的一些观点。例如,赵翼认为六言诗的起源不始于谷永,偏爱王维的六言绝句,并认为六言诗没能兴盛是因为“其虽工但非天地自然之音节”,结合赵翼的诗学理论,客观分析上述观点。与此同时。试对六言诗的发展和最终没能繁荣的原因做一个粗浅探究。     

标准大骨瓣减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝

探讨标准大骨瓣减压术在重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝治疗中的应用价值。标准组选择重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝56例,采用标准大骨瓣减压术;常规组选择前期重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝75例,采用常规颞顶部去骨瓣减压术。两组间疗效评分采用伤后半年时GOS评定。结果表明,标准大骨瓣减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤合并脑疝,可改善患者预后,降低死亡率。     

Inclusion Means Everyone! The Role of the Early Childhood Educator when Including Young Children with Autism in the Classroom

The impact of the emphasis on inclusion in special education has resulted in a higher frequency of young children with autism being included in early childhood programs with typically developing peers. Many early childhood educators have risen to face the challenge, and this has resulted in enhanced learning for young children with autism in the regular classroom. This article focuses on the multiple roles of early childhood educators as they work with the diverse needs of young children with autism in their classrooms.     

试论《中国学报编辑学导论》的特色

《中国学报编辑学导论》具有研究中溯本求源,写作中脉络清晰;探索中史论结合,说明中重点突出;撰写中虚实相兼,设计中可操作性强的诸多特色;在学报编辑学的研究和论述中确实力求创新和突破,具有填补学科研究空白的开创意义.     

Can a dog be used as a motivator to develop social interaction and engagement with teachers for students with autism?

Research into children with autism indicates that therapeutic sessions with dogs might provide a way of encouraging social interaction and reducing solitary or repetitive behaviours. With recent educational ASD interventions aimed at providing ways of encouraging intrinsic motivation to socially engage, it is possible that sessions with dogs could be used in a similar way. The present study involved three students with ASD who were given five sessions with a dog and their teacher. Sessions followed a semi‐standardised approach and were recorded and coded on social behaviours, with qualitative observations made. Pre and post measures entailed ADOS‐2 assessments and teacher questionnaires. Results suggest that students' responses in sessions were highly individual; all showed an increase in meaningful social interactions with dog and teacher, reduction in solitary or repetitive behaviours within the sessions and reported generalisation effects in some areas. The study lends support to the research base on the beneficial impact of dogs for children with autism and suggests that sessions with dogs in school could act as a way to strengthen interactions and engagement with teachers.     

Do inclusion practices for pupils with special educational needs in the English as a foreign language class in Israel reflect inclusion laws and language policy requirements?

The study of additional languages is mandatory for all pupils in most European countries. Usually, the first foreign language is English. This is due to the status of English as a global language. According to inclusion laws, pupils with special educational needs (SEN) should be taught in regular classes with support services by teachers with special education training. Often, however, foreign language teachers lack training and do not know how to adapt teaching methods for pupils with SEN in the regular language learning class. In this study, 109 elementary school teachers filled out questionnaires examining practices and attitudes about inclusion of pupils with SEN in the English as a foreign language (EFL) class in Israel. Findings indicated that pupils with SEN are included in regular EFL classes, taught with the same materials as the class, usually by teachers with no specialised training and no teaching assistants. Teachers are not always encouraged to take in-service courses on how to teach these pupils. No significant difference were found between teachers with and without special education training regarding inclusion practices, but slight differences were found with regards to attitudes towards inclusion of pupils with SEN. The majority of teachers felt that pupils with SEN should be taught in special education settings with specialised materials, and not in the regular education class. These findings raise questions regarding the efficacy of inclusion laws and language learning policies.