BROADCASTING DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH IN KENYA

This article is the second in a series concentrating on educational mass media devlopment and research in East Africa. Kenya's use of broadcasting and notably radio, has been primarily in the formal education sector; emphasis is directed toward an analysis of the major projects undertaken since independence. The survey was conducted during 1978, while the author was Visiting Research Professor at the University of Nairobi. The review is mainly derived from published and unpublished reports to mid‐1978. Additional direct sources include numerous interviews with education, radio and television officials, mass media seminars, and field visits to schools and broadcast facilities in Kenya.     

WOMEN'S CAREERS IN SCIENCE AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

This introductory article by the Chairman of the Special Committee for Humanities of the Austrian Commission for UNESCO introduces the conference, the proceedings of which follow. The author gives a brief history of one of the co‐sponsors, the Institute for East and South‐East European Studies of Austria, following it with a few references to the admission of women to selected European universities in the mid‐nineteenth century. The question asked is whether or not a good university education suffices for a woman to be able to undertake a successful career in research and development (R&D).     

我国旅游地理学的研究情况综述

旅游地理学在我国作为一门学科进行系统的研究只有20年多来的历史，经过我国众多旅游地理学者的共同努力，在许多方面已取得一些重大的成绩和研究成果，并在我国旅游实践中发挥着重要作用。本文根据有关文献、资料进行整理，对旅游地理学在我国的发展和主要研究领域的进展以及学科发展动态进行总结和评述。     

NEEDED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATING HIGH ABILITY CHILDREN

Serious research on the gifted began some 70 years ago with the Terman studies, and has intensified in the last decade or so. Since many decisions on identification, education and counseling depend on the underlying conception of giftedness, a fruitful area of research involves the validity of various concepts. Research is also needed to ascertain the effectiveness of identification procedures, to determine what kinds of educational and socialization opportunities are needed to transform potential into performance, and better to identify and nurture giftedness in populations which are traditionally underrepresented. We need to understand better how affective characteristics can be nurtured, as well as the influence of family and community on talent development and ways of achieving the twin goals of equity and excellence.

     

Oracle中基于Java的存储过程开发研究

存储过程是一种数据库对象,将执行计划存储在数据库的服务器中,它的执行速度比独立执行同样的程序要快.任何一个设计良好的数据库应用程序都应该用到存储过程.存储过程可以使得对数据库的管理、显示关于数据库及其用户信息的工作容易很多.文中详细分析了Java存储过程的开发步骤.     

英语广播在英语学习中的作用和利用

收听英语广播在英语学习具有不可低估的作用,是广大学生学习英语中可以利用的有效途径。英语广播有利于英语听说能力的培养;英语广播有利于英语阅读能力的培养。只要技术条件允许,收听在线英语广播是最佳选择,我们应该善于利用。     

EDUCATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE ACCESS TO SCHOOLING AND OUTCOMES: THE CASE OF EARLY LITERACY DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTHERN TANZANIA

ABSTRACT

Following on the 1990 and 2000 World Conferences on Education for All, African governments increased their focus on access to schooling (but not necessarily on outcomes) by providing more facilities for increased enrolments. The learning outcomes that had been neglected led to a call to focus on more sustainable access – re-examining the quality of some of those facilities against the anticipated quality of educational outcomes. Studies in Southern and Eastern Africa, including the one under discussion here, indicate that the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) will not rely only on school-based factors but also on the careful analysis of wider socioeconomic and cultural factors. This paper, through the results of the case study component of the Early Literacy Development project in the Lindi Rural District of Southern Tanzania, discusses why literacy development has lagged behind in Sub- Saharan Africa. The focus of the study and of this paper is on the relationship between literacy practices, literacy events and early literacy development at home and school in low-resourced communities. The extent to which school infrastructure and ecology including buildings, teaching learning materials and teacher characteristics reinforced literacy practices and events at home and school is also highlighted as being of special interest.

The study was sponsored by the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Development (formerly CIDA) – Strengthening Education Systems in East Africa (SES-EA).     

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Independence and transition to a market economy have led to economic decline in the Republic of Moldova. Scientific research directed at sustainable human development is the key to economic renewal. As Moldova must import most of its energy, a major task is to reduce energy consumption through improved energy efficiency. Since the basic source of national wealth is agriculture, the development of derivatives of agriculture, such as the bio‐chemical industries, the pharmaceutical industry, the perfume industry, and the veterinary sciences should be stressed as well as components of information technology in which Moldova has a lead. As the premier research organization of Moldova is its Academy of Sciences founded in 1946, it should channel its best efforts into the economic development of the country through science.     

学习迁移研究的历史与发展

学习迁移即一种学习对另一种学习的影响，它广泛地存在于知识、技术、态度和行为规范的学习中。迁移是学习的继续和巩固，又是提高和深化学习的条件，学习与迁移不可分割，学习迁移一直是学习理论的一个重要问题，对迁移进行研究，有助于探讨人类学习的实质和规律，揭示能力和品德形成的内在机制，同时也为教学过程提供理论依据。迁移的研究是对所有综合性认知理论的一个严格的、也是必要的经验。     

SCIENTIFIC IMAGES IN EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING

The social role of education, and the particular influence of educational broadcasting, especially on scientific and technical subjects, are examined in this paper. The technology of broadcasting and well‐established traditions in schooling both encourage a consensus view of educational topics that in fact are by no means necessarily non‐controversial. The author asks whether educational broadcasting can serve the aim of pupil‐centred learning by promoting access and flexibility in education and relating to the student's perception of social reality. He concludes that at present it does not.     

技能大赛研究与职业院校教师专业发展

技能大赛研究既是职业院校教师学科知识发展的重要途径之一,也是教师专业能力提升的重要途径。职业院校应充分利用技能大赛资源,加强研究,促进教师专业知识发展。