高职改两年制要解决好三个问题

高职学制改革是形势发展的需要，对高职院校提出了新要求。高职院校必须深化教学改革，并需要获得支持与帮助。     

Education policy and early fertility: Lessons from an expansion of upper secondary schooling

This paper studies the effects of education policy on early fertility. We study a major educational reform in Sweden in which vocational tracks in upper secondary school were prolonged from two to three years and the curricula were made more academic. Our identification strategy takes advantage of cross-regional and cross-time variation in the implementation of a pilot scheme preceding the reform in which several municipalities evaluated the new policy. The empirical analysis draws on rich population micro data. We find that women who enrolled in the new programs were significantly less likely to give birth early in life. There is however, no statistically significant effect on men's fertility decisions. Our results suggest that the social benefits of changes in education policy may extend beyond those usually claimed.     

Building colleges for the future: pedagogical and ideological spaces

This article focuses on the Building Colleges for the Future (BCF) initiative (2008) which saw a wave of new-build Further Education (FE) colleges spring up across England in the final years of the New Labour government. It draws on qualitative data from a research study focusing on four new-build colleges in the West Midlands of England to theorise the BCF initiative. Using theory derived primarily from Lefebvre, the paper contextualises BCF within a frame of neoliberalisation and discusses the impact of the ‘production of space’ represented by the initiative with a research focus on two areas: pedagogy and ideology. The main findings are that these new-build colleges can be interpreted as spatial expressions of policy-makers and others’ perceptions of teaching and learning; in ideological terms, they also trumpet a ‘new lifestyle’ and a ‘new art of living’ for FE staff and students that is however, in tension with residual pedagogical practices and values. The article concludes that despite being an expression of neoliberal abstract space, these new-builds can still be seen as providing a frame for alternative individual and collective encounters with education which may subvert and outlast the processes of neoliberalisation that they appear to embody.     

Internationalization of higher education in the crucible: Linking national identity and policy in the age of globalization

Nationalism’s rise represents a potential harbinger of doom for the internationalization of higher education (IoHE). Space exists for research to amplify our understanding of the interplay between internationalization and nationalism from a public policy theory perspective. The study identified and classified policies and policy ideas pertinent to IoHE, and furthermore, explored how political rivalries in Taiwan have influenced IoHE’s development under globalization. Analysis of documentary data from an online national database reveals how IoHE policy changes reflect the machinations of political actors to advance domestic political agendas and provoke controversy. The advocacy coalition framework informs our explanation of how the aforementioned changes reflect Taiwan’s inward-looking political climate, unique geopolitical circumstances, and longstanding controversy over national identity. The paper discusses the implications of context for IoHE development across three consecutive government regimes to provide insights for further comparisons with other localities and contexts.     

教育变革五十年

在过去的50年间,教育的发展对经合组织各成员国的社会根本转型做出了贡献。经合组织自从成立以来,就一直强调教育和人力资本对经济和社会发展的重要性。目前,随着经济竞争全球化,各国不能仅仅通过国家标准来衡量它们的教育系统。国际指标的作用变得越来越大,成为变革的催化剂,影响着教育系统。经合组织未来在追踪和支持教育的作用方面将可以做得更好。     

The causal effect of an extra year of schooling on skills and knowledge in Latin America. Evidence from PISA

Abstract

In this paper, we estimate the causal effect of an extra year of schooling on mathematics performance for seven Latin American countries based on PISA 2012. To that end we exploit exogenous variation in students’ birthdates around the school entry cut-off date using both sharp and fuzzy Regression Discontinuity designs. We find strong effects of an extra year of schooling in most countries, which amount to a 30% increase in PISA test scores in Brazil, 18% in Uruguay, 7% in Argentina and 6% in Costa Rica. These effects differ from the typical estimates obtained from simple regressions or multilevel models and are large enough to allow 15-year-old students to reach higher proficiency levels, suggesting significant potential gains of reducing dropout rates in the region. Finally, we stress the importance of taking into account the effects of school entry cut-off dates on PISA samples to avoid making unfair international comparisons.     

全球成人教育政策的现实图景与实践走向

巴西贝伦召开的第六届国际成人教育大会形成两项重要成果：《贝伦行动框架》和《成人学习和教育全球报告》。这次大会展现了当前国际成人教育政策的现实图景——洲际差异的区域现状,居于国家政策边缘地位,实现参与平等的现实挑战,走向善治的治理策略。近年来,英国、加拿大、丹麦、西班牙、瑞士等OECD成员国在成人教育政策发展上扮演着标杆角色,引领着成人教育政策的实践走向。在20世纪,成人教育政策更多地成为＂社会控制的工具＂,忽视了个体发展的目标。而现在的成人教育政策价值取向,则需要个人价值与社会价值的包容。目前全球成人教育实践呈现多元化发展特征,这就需要成人教育政策必须是动态化的延续发展,如果偏离了这一状态,其政策就会出现片面性和短期性的失衡。成人教育政策的设计与执行,实际上是多方利益博弈的过程,许多国家缺少对成人教育政策的整体处理方式,因此制定相关政策特别应注重不同部门的整合性合作,提高资源与政策的运行效力。成人教育质量保障的政策评估主体,开始突破单一的官方评估模式,实现了官方与非官方共同评估的态势,实现了定量与定性相结合的评估方法。全球成人教育政策的实践走向,拓展了我国成人教育政策实践的空间。     

农村居民的教育水平及其对收入的影响--来自内蒙古赤峰市的证据

根据赤峰市农村样本的数据，本使用个人教育水平函数和农业收入函数估计了农村居民教育水平的决定因素及其与收入的关系。结果表明，农村居民的教育水平存在着明显的年龄组效应、性别效应和地区效应，家庭经济条件仍旧是影响教育获得的一个重要因素；教育对于提高农村家庭收入具有显的促进作用，甚至高于土地和劳动力人数的作用；这其中，初中教育的作用最大；女性的教育对家庭收入与男性有着相似的影响程度。     

教育科学与教育政策的关联性:一种知识社会学的视角

教育科学与教育政策之间有着密不可分的关系。社会高速发展对教育提出了更高的要求,教育科学的发展也在推动着社会进步,他们之间本质上是知识与社会的互动关系。文章从知识社会学的视角首先对教育科学与社会政策的关联性进行考察,随后分析了社会因素对研究成果选择的影响,最后从机制建设层面探讨了如何促进教育科学研究与教育政策制定的双向互动。     

国际教育服务贸易的新趋向及对策思考

本文分析了教育服务贸易发展的主要趋势 ,世界经合组织 ( OECD)成员国关于教育服务贸易的最新协商 ,教育服务贸易涉及的主要政策 ,在此基础上 ,对我国教育服务贸易的对策提出了自己的思考     

我国教育评价政策的注意力配置分析

教育评价政策注意力配置是影响政策的重要变量。运用文本分析法从“目标维度、任务维度、路径维度”三个维度对1987-2022年的《教育部工作要点》进行分析的注意力配置情况。研究发现,依据注意力配置情况和政策重点,我国教育评价政策注意力配置的发展可划分为以体系建立为重点的恢复阶段、强调“公平”与“多元评价”的改进阶段、关注机制改革和系统优化的完善阶段;目标维度从规范管理、保障质量走向关注公平,任务维度较为关注学校、政府和学生评价,路径维度依赖制度建设。结合分析结果揭示教育评价政策注意力配置存在的问题并提出改进建议。     

我国民族教育的政策工具发展研究

本研究利用自愿性、强制性与混合型政策工具及其细分项目,对国家及五个自治区的《中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》中民族教育政策规划进行了文本分析,并总结出若干特点。在此基础上,研究对推动我国民族教育的政策工具发展提出了若干建议。     

信息技术的未来教育与如何适应

随着信息技术的不断发展,信息技术应用于教育中可采用的方式更加多样化,相信信息技术的发展将为未来教育带来一个崭新的时代。教师采用信息技术结合来进行教育,可以让学生更容易、更形象地去理解问题、剖析问题,对规律的掌握更深入、更透彻。     

Teacher professionalism in educational reform: the experiences of Hong Kong and Shanghai

Beginning in the 1990s, the education departments of Hong Kong and Shanghai began to actively initiate reform with a focus on the quality of education. In reviewing the implementation of educational reform in these two societies, we found that Hong Kong teachers tended to only adopt those policies which they felt were beneficial for students' learning, whereas Shanghai teachers tended to conform more to the state's requirements. Teachers in Hong Kong strongly expressed their frustration over the intensification of their work, while teachers in Shanghai seldom expressed disagreement over the state initiatives. Concerning the meaning of teacher professionalism, teachers in Hong Kong were more able than their counterparts in Shanghai to develop their own interpretations. However, at the same time, teachers' work in Hong Kong was still being monitored by the emerging schooling market, while the work of Shanghai teachers was monitored by the state. Teachers' work in both societies can be interpreted as ‘confined professionalism’. In addition, in both of the two societies teachers' awareness of their professionalism was comparatively weak. Further empowerment in this area is needed.     

Policy rhetoric and the renovation of English schooling: the case of Creative Partnerships

My critical evaluation of the government's White Paper, Learning to Succeed: a new framework for post-16 learning, which was published in the Journal of Educational Policy (2000, 15(2), 237-246) has provoked a critique by Pat Ainley, which is the main purpose of this section of the journal on Documents and Debates. He claims that my article suffers from two sins of omission: first, I am apparently unaware that the new legislation excludes higher education; and second, I have apparently failed to see that the Learning and Skills Council may become a new Leviathan rather than a new enlightenment. Both criticisms are, in my opinion, wide of the mark for the reasons given below, and this response ends with some comments on Pat Ainley's contribution.     

The seeing and the seen: contrasting perspectives of post‐communist Czech schooling

This study analyses both foreign (primarily western European and North American) and Czech perspectives of Czech schooling in the post‐communist era. Qualitative content analysis is performed on documentary sources written by scholars about Czech schooling. The analysis examines which topics are highlighted, what are the main patterns and what is the overall perspective of the document. The analysis is guided by theory from intellectual history about the social construction of ‘Eastern Europe’. The study finds that Western perspectives of post‐communist Czech schooling are mostly negative and are typically based on common sense notions and casual observation rather than comprehensive knowledge and thorough research. It therefore concludes that Western perspectives of Czech schooling are influenced by the social construction of Eastern Europe. Ironically, many of the Western scholars use the concept of democracy to justify this distorted viewing of Czech schooling as an ‘Other’ to that in the West.     

全国高校民族音乐教学与区域音乐文化研究学术研讨会综述

文章通过对首届＂全国高校民族音乐教学与区域音乐文化研究学术研讨会＂的客观描述,从民族音乐学的角度,梳理了民族音乐学科在中国二十九年的发展历程、民族音乐学未来的发展趋势及本次研讨会对中国民族音乐学科发展的重要意义。     

The Remaking of the American University

Five powerful forces have the capacity to reshape higher education today. They are the rise of an information economy, changing demographics, new technologies, privatization of higher education, and a convergence of knowledge producing organizations. Among the possible consequences of these forces are a greatly expanded and more diverse set of higher education providers; the development of brick, click and brick-and-click colleges; a reduction in the number of physical campuses and the rise of international institutions; an increasing independence of faculty from campuses; and a growing customization of higher education and a shift in focus from teaching to learning.     

基于情态意义的半意志分析

“半意志将来时”是介于“有意志将来时”与“无意志将来时”之间的一种中介状态。“半意志将来时”用来表示含糊的意志、直率的请求或客气的命令,可用于间接引语、条件从句或表示请求、命令的句子中。