颐和园

The Summer Palace,which is in the northwest of Beijing,is the largest and best preserved imperial garden in China.The fourth Qing emperor Qian Long named it Qingyiyuan.During the Second Opium War,it was destroyed     

A Few Words on Composition and Play Analysis of "Waltz in C sharp minor" of Chopin

Frederic Francois Chopin,was one of the creative composers in the period of romanticism.The dissertation starts with three aspects,which are the composition background,the form and structure and the performing techniques,analyses on the "Waltz in C sharp minor"(Op.64-2) of Chopin,with the intentions of grasping the emotion and meaning in music more precisely and interpreting the composition more perfectly in the future performance.     

Christmas Market Facing Problems

Christmas is a festival in European and American countries,therefore,it will bring a lot of profit for the manufactories which produce the decorations and gifts especially for the Christmas.However,with the spread of the financial crisis,the Christmas industry has undergone a recession period,and the profit has become little and little.The thesis will analyze the problems based on a real case study——Happy Christmas Company.     

ON JACK LONDON'S KLONDIKE STORIES

At the close of the 19th century,American fiction underwent a transi-tion from its romantic tradition to a critical examination of the grimrealities of American capitalism.The Gilded Age was then followed by arapid development of capitalistic industrialization.There was few literarywritings dealing with the underprivileged people in the pit.Some Ameri-can writers piped a rather feeble note,but Jack London played a verydifferent tone in the national symphony.He introduced fresh themes andvigorous characters into the writing of that day. Life is a lamp by which not only one's thonghts are guided but alsohis writing style.Life itself led Jack London in his creative work. Jack London wasborn in San Francisco,Cai ifonia on Janarv 12,1876.London came into the world in the midst of the crisis which began in1873.The depression did not leave the London family untouched.To supp-ort the family,London tried his hand at varions odd jobs.By the timehe was 18,he had worked as a newspaper boy,an oyster pirate,a seaman     

Reflection on the Key Features and Causes of the Current¨Global Financial Crisis"

The current financial crisis is an inevitable result of the financial system accommodating a new banking business model, which endeavors to benefit, with increased innovation in financial products, from the incentives and distortions created by the global macro liquidity policies. The failure of regulatory and supervising institutions to keep up with those innovations has undoubtedly compounded the magnitude of the debt and credit crisis.     

Study on the Crystallization Mechanism of Spectinomycin Dihydrochlodde

The growth mechanism of spectinomycin dihydrochloride crystal in pure water and acetone-water mixture at different temperatures has been studied by induction period measurement. The induction period was measured visually. The solid-liquid interfacial tension was determined on the basis of classical homogenous nucleation theory and the surface entropy factor was calculated. It was shown that the interfacial tension and surface entropy factor increased with the increase of acetone concentration and the decrease of temperature. It was demonstrated that the growth mechanism of spectinomycin dihydrochloride crystal was controlled by birth and spread growth in pure water or in acetone-water mixture at high temperatures and turned from birth and spread growth tc spiral growth with the increase of acetone concentration in acetone-water mixture at low temperatures.     

Anglo-Saxon Themes,Ideas,and Techniques of Expression Reflected in The Wanderer

The poem The Wanderer was one of finest of the Old English laments,whose theme,ideas and literary techniques were typical of the Anglo-Saxon period.The study explained how Anglo-Saxon themes,ideas,and techniques of expression exhibited themselves in the poem.The findings suggest that the theme of the poem which reflected the Anglo-Saxon value system,and the techniques of expression presented as corroboration,all contributed to central ideas of the poem:"beasts of battle"motif,achievements of wisdom,traveling seas,exile,heroic ideal,loyalty to the lord,kinsmanship,and fates of men.Those ideas were rooted in the emerging Christianity.     

Ukraine crisis deeply influences NATO＆#39;s future development

The ongoing Ukraine crisis is believed to be the most significant geopolitical incident after the fall of Berlin Wall.It deeply influences,among others,the future development of NATO （North Atlantic Treaty Organization）,which is the world＆#39;s largest military alliance and western countries＆#39;ace in the hole in case of security emergency.The crisis enhances the status and influence of NATO on the international arena,as well as impacts NATO＆#39;s transition process since the end of Cold War.The old question of Where will NATO go again becomes a hot topic.     

The Romantic Movement in English and American Literature

Ⅰ The Appearance of Romantic Lite-ratureThe Romantic Movement in Eng-lish literature came into being as anew trend at the turn of tlie 18th and19th centuries.It was flowering dur-ing the first half of the 19th centuryin America.During this period,the class con-tradiction and national contradictionwere extremely acute in Europe.In1789,the French Revolution broke out,,which overthrew the feudal power.As a result of this,a new bourgeois     

Preparation of Long Afterglow PhotoluminescentMatedal SrAI2O4 ： Eu^2＋ , Dy^3 ＋ and ItsLuminescent Property

Long lasting strontium aluminate phosphors were synthesized by means of coated precipitation in the experiment. SrA12O4 monoclinic phase with long afterglow was synthesized at 1 100 ℃ with the aid of H3BO3,and the synthetic temperature decreased about 100 ℃-150 ℃ than in solid state reaction. The process of heat treatment was studied by TG-DTA. The phase compositions of powders were analyzed by XRD. The micrographs of the samples were investigated by SEM and the luminescent properties were researched by optical spectrum. The effects of H3 BO3 on the phase composition and microstructure of the calcined powders were investigated. The results indicated that H3BO3 accelerated the formation of SrAl2O4 by consuming the intermediate phase. The addition of Dy2O3 stimulated the afterglow property due to the increase in the depth of the trap center in the materials.     

《成吉思汗评传》评介

当传统文化、民族文化的价值被多元、深入地重新发掘与体认之际,成吉思汗及其所代表的蒙古民族再度成为一个新的社会文化热点。20世纪七、八十年代以来,有关成吉思汗的专著开始不断涌现。大陆、台湾等各地出版社相继出版了多种成吉思汗传记作品。从事不同学术领域研究、不同国籍的学者站在各自不同的角度,密切关注着成吉思汗及蒙元文化的特性,相关文学或学术专著层出不穷。目前,这一研究领域有影响力的专著已达数十种之多,马冀先生的《成吉思汗评传》（内蒙古人民出版社,2005年10月）即是其中之一。     

A study on motivating learners through teachers＇ questioning

Teachers＇ questioning is quite significant on motivating learners. When asking questions, teachers need to find a balance between convergent and divergent questions. Wait-time is also very important when questioning. This study was based on a survey of 34 students who were taking academic English language courses in a UK university （the University of Hertfordshire） and also suggested that three to five seconds is the most suitable wait-time for students.     

Study of structural,electrical and optical properties of vanadium oxide condensed films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique

Vanadium oxides condensed films are prepared on glass substrates, using spray pyrolysis （SP） technique. The effects of substrate temperature, vanadium concentra- tion in initial solution and the solution spray rate on the nano-structural, electrical, and optical properties of depos- ited films were investigated. Characterizations of the sam- ples were performed using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and UV-Vis spec- troscopy methods. The type and concentration of the charge carriers were determined and measured by Hall effect experiment. XRD patterns showed that the prepared films had polycrystalline structure, mostly tetragonal fl-V205 and V409 phases with the preferred orientation along （200） direction. The Hall effect experiment revealed that all samples were n-type, except the ones deposited at substrate temperatures Tsub ： 300 ~C and Tsub = 450 ~C, vanadium concentration 0.1 mol/L and solution spray rate 10 mL/min. The charge carrier concentrations obtained were in the range 1016-1018 cm-3. The lowest sheet resistance （R~） was obtained for the samples prepared at T~ub = 450 ~C, vana- dium concentration 0.05 mol/L and solution spray rate 10 mL/min. It was also found that the optical transparency of the samples changed from 20% to 75% and the optical bandgap of the samples was from 2.22 eV to 2.58 eV, depending on the deposition conditions.     

Social and communicational skills in upper secondary vocational education and training

This article presents the methodology used by the Finnish Education Evaluation Council in the national evaluation of social and communication skills in vocational education and training. The evaluation concentrates on key competences such as learning-to-learn skills, communication skills, social skills and entrepreneurship （Implementation of Education and Stringfellow, 2005; Recommendation of the European Training 2010, 2004; Winterton, Delemare-Le Deist ＆ Parliament and of the Council of December 18, 2006 on key competencies for lifelong leaming, 2006）. The evaluation focuses particularly on skills required in the labour market. These competences are included in all vocational study programmes as a part of accompanying with other key competences. The authors＇ approach follows the principles of developmental and participative evaluation, applying the Common Quality Assurance Framework （CQAF） model, which has been accepted by the European Commission for the quality management and quality assurance framework for vocational education and training in Europe. Additional methods such as interview and statistical data gathering were used to acquire comprehensive data and ensure extensive participation of each partner involved has key competences. The evaluation material was collected from vocational education and training providers by sector （n=8） and by qualification （n=53）. Every sector and type of examination was included in the evaluation. The evaluation was based on a sample （n=130）. The evaluation data were collected from multiple sources by using multiple methods. The material included written self-evaluation reports by vocational education and training providers （n=130 which equals 95% of VET providers）, quantitative information, interviews organized by the National Board of Education and an evaluation seminar for providers as focus groups. Educational administrators, teachers, students, employers and workplace instructors participated in the self-evaluation of the vocational education and training establishments （multi-professional evaluation）.     

开阔的视野，全新的理念——评李树新主编的《大学语文》

从1978年高校恢复大学语文教学到2007年全国几百所高校将大学语文列为必修课程,大学语文教学已行进三十余年。这期间,大学语文教材可谓层出不穷、种类繁多。如何独辟蹊径,使其体现前瞻的编写立意,具有开阔的学术视域,则需进行更深湛的学术考量和对大学语文教学更到位的把握。由内蒙古自治区高等学校汉语言文学类教材编委会组织、李树新教授主编的《大学语文》（内蒙古大学出版社,2009年版）立足民族地区,     

《权力·合作·平衡：防御性现实主义理论研究》评介

孟维瞻撰写的《权力·合作·平衡：防御性现实主义理论研究》一书,已由世界知识出版社出版。该书是国内第一部研究防御性现实主义理论的专著,书中将防御性现实主义看做是现实主义最有可能的发展方向,并对这一理论的核心主张作了系统阐释。     

Not yet where we want to be： South Africa＇s participation in SITES 2006

The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement （IEA） initiated the Second International Technology in Education Study （SITES）--A longitudinal large-scale international comparative survey on the use of information and communication technologies （ICTs） in schools. The goal is to understand how ICTs effect teaching and learning in schools. SITES 2006 was the third module in this program to determine how teachers use ICTs, and to find out how school and education system factors influence teachers＇ pedagogical orientation. SITES 2006 administered three questionnaires： one for school principals, one for technology coordinators, and one for mathematics and science teachers, around 400 schools in each of 23 education systems. The main study took place during 2005-2007. This paper describes the South African educational context, provides an overview of the South African participation, speculates on South Africa＇s future participation, and provides a comparative glimpse of the use of ICTs in South African mathematics and science classrooms.     

2009年宁德师专教师校外出版著作发表论文题录

2009年1月至12月间,我校共有110位教师在校外省级以上刊物发表论文和出版著作176篇（部）,其中主编、参编著作教材17种,发表论文159篇,另补录2008年登记遗漏题录1篇．现刊出教师在校外发表论文及正式出版著作的题录．     

An evaluation of factors influencing reading literacy across Italian 4th grade students

Questionnaire data from the PIRLS 2006 study in Italy provided a number of indices in order to summarize factors of educational context influencing reading achievement. The aim of the present paper is to study the relationships between school factors, teacher factors, family factors, student factors and reading achievement by means of multilevel regression analysis. Results show that pupils＇ attainment in reading is significantly related to： （1） home educational resources （home/student level effect）; （2） parents＇ attitudes toward reading （home/student level effect）; （3） students＇ attitudes toward reading; （4） students＇ reading self-concept; and （5） teacher career satisfaction （school/teacher level）.     

Applications of NLP techniques to computer-assisted authoring of test items for elementary Chinese

The authors report an implemented environment for computer-assisted authoring of test items and provide a brief discussion about the applications of NLP techniques for computer assisted language learning. Test items can serve as a tool for language learners to examine their competence in the target language. The authors apply techniques for natural language processing to help teachers prepare test items for elementary Chinese. Teachers can then compile the test items to form test sheets for formal examinations on the Internet. The system can record the results of the tests for post-test analysis of students＇ achievements so that teachers can gain .insight into the distributions over students＇ competence levels and can adjust the teaching activities for the students who may need individualized care. At this moment, the system offers assistance for authoring test items for basic listening comprehension, cloze tests, incorrect-character identification, sentence reconstruction and usage of measure words.