2007年国外数字图书馆研究述评

数字图书馆事业的繁荣不断推动着数字图书馆的研究向前发展。2007年,国外学者围绕数字图书馆的研究主要涉及数字图书馆的整体性研究、数字图书馆系统、数字图书馆服务、各类型数字图书馆、数字图书馆评估与数字图书馆教育。与以往相比,2007年数字图书馆研究呈现出研究细粒度进一步提高、对新技术高度关注和重点关注数字图书馆的服务质量等特点。     

论服务主导型数字图书馆

根据数字图书馆建设的基点、体系形成和所解决的关键任务等,数字图书馆计划和项目大致可分为：资源主导型数字图书馆、技术主导型数字图书馆、服务主导性数字图书馆。就目前数字图书馆的这三种研究类型,作者认为为用户服务是数字图书馆的根本任务,应当坚持数字图书馆发展的人文主义价值取向,并指出服务主导型数字图书馆是未来数字图书馆的发展方向。     

数字图书馆机制的范式演变及其挑战

数字图书馆将从基于数字化资源的数字图书馆向基于集成信息服务的数字图书馆、基于用户信息活动的数字图书馆范式发展。集成信息服务的数字图书馆和基于用户信息活动的数字图书馆 ,都有各自的模式、实现形式和功能。数字图书馆范式的演变在数字图书馆建设和信息服务理念、模式等方面的诸多挑战。图 5。参考文献 2 5。     

努力提高数字图书馆宏观管理效能

数字图书馆宏观管理效能是数字图书馆宏观管理功能与效益的系统集成。认识和把握数字图书馆宏观管理效能的基本性质、形成过程、转化规律,建立健全数字图书馆的宏观管理效能转化机制,提高和发挥数字图书馆的宏观管理效能,是数字图书馆宏观管理工作的重要职能,也是做好数字图书馆宏观管理工作和促进数字图书馆建设与发展的基本保障。     

数字图书馆中的ETL应用研究综述

总结数字图书馆领域中与ETL相关的研究，在此基础上提出数字图书馆中ETL的分类，最后结合数字图书馆的应用需求和发展趋势，从ETL在数字图书馆资源建设、数字图书馆用户服务、实现数字图书馆与其他系统之间互操作3个方面，详细分析和研究数字图书馆中ETL的应用方式。     

我国主要国家级数字图书馆工程项目介绍

本部分主要介绍了国家数字图书馆、国家科技图书文献中心及其网络服务系统、国家高等教育数字图书馆、国家科学数字图书馆、中共中央党校数字图书馆、军队院校数字图书馆和中国社会科学院数字图书馆等七个国家级数字图书馆工程项目的建设情况,内容涉及软硬件基础设施建设、数字资源建设、信息服务建设等方面,为其他行业和地区的数字图书馆建设提供了有益的可借鉴经验.     

少儿数字图书馆用户界面评析

文章简要介绍少儿数字图书馆的概念、少儿数字图书馆用户界面评价原则、具体指标,对国际儿童数字图书馆和中国少儿数字图书馆进行对比分析,总结这两个数字图书馆用户界面的优点和不足。     

数字图书馆评价综述

数字图书馆评价是数字图书馆建设过程中非常重要的一个环节.文章系统介绍了北美和欧洲若干有影响、有代表性的数字图书馆评价项目,全面总结了数字图书馆评价的对象、方法和指标,并深入分析了数字图书馆评价的现状和受阻原因,为国内数字图书馆的评价工作提供些依据和参考经验.     

从管理角度探求数字图书馆信息安全的解决之道——《数字图书馆信息安全管理》书评

随着数字图书馆的发展,数字图书馆的信息安全问题日益凸显,如何“在不提升技术条件的前提下通过管理手段解决数字图书馆信息安全的现实问题”,《数字图书馆信息安全管理》一书对此给出了解决方案,提出了数字图书馆信息安全管理的依从标准,构建了数字图书馆信息安全风险评估和风险控制的数学模型,提炼出了数字图书馆信息安全风险评估和风险控制的模板。该书是近年来数字图书馆领域中一部理论和实践相结合的优秀专著。     

国外数字图书馆可用性评价研究综述

总结国外对于数字图书馆可用性评价的总体研究概况，数字图书馆可用性评价的理论研究和数字图书馆可用性测试的报告，以及数字图书馆可用性评价研究中的几个热点问题；对数字图书馆可用性评价方法进行归类；提出国外数字图书馆可用性评价的特点和对我国相关研究的启示。     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

利益相关者视角下的图书馆电子借阅服务研究

[目的/意义] 以图书馆提供电子借阅服务过程中所涉及的利益相关者为研究对象,厘清各利益相关者的利益关系,提出建立基于社会平衡机制的图书馆电子借阅服务系统的主要路径。[方法/过程] 介绍图书馆电子书和电子借阅的发展现状,引入利益相关者理论分析作者、提供商、图书馆与用户之间的利益关系。[结果/结论] 研究发现图书馆电子借阅服务涉及作者与提供商的商业利益、图书馆提供信息资源的权利和用户获取知识的权利,不同利益主体存在既冲突又合作的关系;图书馆电子借阅服务系统不够成熟,产生明显的资源供需失衡问题。提出以下建议:完善法律制度,维护公共利益;扶持电子书产业发展,规范市场行为;建立许可协议标准模板,保护各方利益;控制采购成本,促进电子书资源利用;发挥电子书优势,促进电子书阅读推广。     

Storying the digital professional: how online screening shifts the primary site and authorship of workers’ career stories

Employers’ use of online information increases the communicative demands and complexity of employability. For employers, gathering online information for personnel selection—a process called cybervetting—supplements or augments existing information acquisition processes. For workers, cybervetting’s extractive processes require considering potential and possible career stories employers might construct. Workers increasingly need to engage in prospective and retrospective storying to communicate and maintain employability and employment. Drawing on exemplars from employers’ reports, this essay highlights: (a) how employers report assembling and making sense of workers’ information during personnel selection; (b) the limitations of existing employability strategies; as well as (c) the increased and unequally distributed uncertainty and risk; and (d) the associated and different work expected of workers as the primary site and authorship of career stories shift.     

情报视角下的突发事件监测与识别研究

突发事件的监测与识别是应急决策情报体系的一个重要环节.为构建一个以情报为核心的突发事件监测与识别的理论架构,从情报视角出发,将突发事件的监测与识别归纳为:①一个目标:为应急决策情报体系服务;②两个侧重:过程与方法;③3个原则:全源情报、实时情报、精准情报;④3个步骤:情报收集、情报分析、情报评估与利用.最后,对情报视角下突发事件监测与识别的前景进行分析.     

信息科学研究前沿与热点——2019年ASIS&T年会综述

作为信息科学领域的权威会议,ASIS&T年会是展示和传播信息科学领域最新研究成果的重要场所。本文以第82届ASIS&T年会收录的74篇会议论文为研究对象,从信息行为、信息组织与管理、信息技术与计量、信息服务四方面进行详细述评和动态解析。信息行为研究内容涉及阅读、研究、游戏、健康、检索等方面,更贴近人们日常学习生活中的信息行为;信息组织更关注元数据、实体间的数据关联、数据复用与数据治理;信息管理方面,无论是个人信息管理还是机构信息管理都更注重用户体验、用户情感因素;信息技术更关注文本分析技术,信息计量更关注跨学科的知识结构,为审稿与撤稿的研究提供了新视角;在强调信息道德与数据伦理基础上,信息服务聚焦于面向特殊人群的图书馆全纳支持服务、面向数字人文的信息系统开发与数据组织,面向社交网络的数据分析与社区服务。     

"To Keep the Present and Future in Touch with the Past"- Lewis Wickes Hine:

Lewis Wickes Hine exploited the powerful impact of the visual image to arouse the reforming spirit among the middle and upper classes and to inspire them to do something about the living and working conditions of thousands of America's poor. Hine was acquainted with many of the men and women who were involved in the Progressive social reform campaigns that were popular in the United States during the early twentieth century. A trained sociologist, he became interested in photography while teaching at the Ethical Culture School. Hine quickly realized that photographs could be powerful instruments of social reform and was able to effectively combine his interests in social welfare and photography. Hine believed that this efforts as a photographer should be guided by a social conscience and referred to his work as "social photography." His photographs of men, women and children enduring dangerous and inhuman working conditions were both sensitive and intense. As a result of his social conscience and artistic commitment Hine raised the cultural and social awareness of his contemporaries and made a significant contribution to social reform efforts in the United States.     

Purposeful Mentoring in Academic Libraries

ABSTRACT

This article offers statistical information about the future of our profession and the role that mentoring may play in retaining and promoting academic librarians into leadership positions within an organization. An overview of the history and definition of the word mentor and current terminology is offered to provide the reader with understanding of the complexity surrounding the concept of mentoring. Mentoring as process is explained, and both formal and informal mentoring processes are discussed and examples provided. The benefits of mentoring are detailed and include the benefits for mentors, mentees, and academic libraries, with a special focus on minorities and generational considerations now prevalent in libraries. Qualitative methodologies are examined to determine relationships, and the methods used include interviews, questionnaires, and print and online surveys. Case studies from across the nation are analyzed and offered as evidence that mentoring does in fact work well in many academic libraries, but librarians should be mindful that these mentoring processes must be evaluated periodically to remain viable. A brief discussion and future considerations section offer helpful information on gaps in the literature and the challenges that academic libraries face as they create and implement mentoring processes in their respective academic organizations.     

多国OA期刊资源整合平台的构建及其权益管理功能的引入——基于下一代NSTL体系的国际合作

开放获取和权益保护是目前数字环境下信息资源传播的两大重要课题。作为下一代科技文献资源的传播体系,需要在同时实现面向资源消费者的开放获取功能以及资源创作者所有权益保护的功能方面,进行系统的升级设计,从而实现文献资源流通领域的平衡发展。这也是下一代NSTL面临的挑战性课题之一。该研究在2011年NSTL建设项目的支持下,以下一代NSTL系统为基础,设计可以整合多国期刊OA资源的服务平台,并引入了DRM的功能。通过与多国OA资源提供机构及权益保护相关机构进行国际合作,在OA资源整合服务及知识产权保护方面,进行了多方面的探索与实施。文章首先介绍下一代NSTL中OA平台的整体架构;其次,重点介绍平台的多国OA期刊的XML元数据交换与更新功能;再次,介绍资源的权益信息获取服务;最后,给出结论和未来的实施规划。     

The Evolving State of the Art CD-ROM: The National Museum of American Art and Les Impressionistes

The present paper analyzes two prominent art history-based CD-ROMs published in 1996 and 1997, and suggests trends in the information and interface design of cultural multimedia programs. It reviews first- and second-generation feature sets, and assesses the initial impact of object-oriented programming. Both CD-ROMs are described in detail, and their interfaces and navigational structures appraised. Other questions treated include the virtues and pitfalls of hyperlinking, the audience for such ambitious projects, the impact of market dynamics, and potential transferability to the WorldWide Web.