Business process re-design methodology to support supply chain integration

Although a number of methodologies exist for business process re-design (BPR), supply chain re-design (SCR), and e-business process design, there is a lack of an integrated BPR methodological framework to support supply chain integration (SCI). This paper proposes a detailed framework based on integrating a number of different methodological strands from the literature. A literature review was conducted in three different domains – business process re-design, supply chain re-design and e-business process design. The literature review revealed the potential for integrating elements of a number of different methods and techniques found in different methodological strands into a framework for conducting BPR to support SCI. Accordingly a number of relevant methodologies were identified, decomposed and compared at their stage and technique/method level to identify a combination for development of the integrated framework. The proposed BPR methodology can be applied in any company or sector; methods and techniques incorporated are not specific to any sector. The proposed BPR methodology proposed constitutes an aid for supply chain practitioners in the construction of SCI.     

Interorganizational information systems visibility and supply chain performance

Despite growing emphasis on the importance of supply chain visibility, few companies to date have fully benefited from the information resources of their supply chain partners. A review of existing literature about supply chain visibility reveals that there are two essential forces at work, namely (1) collaborative behavior – i.e., firms willing to share information with supply chain partners in order to leverage social capital, and (2) opportunistic behavior – i.e., firms wanting to maintain some degree of information asymmetry in order to manage the behaviors of their supply chain partners. In order to identify the antecedents of IOS visibility, our operational definition of supply chain visibility, the two theories – resource dependence theory (RDT) and relational view (RV) – are used to cobble together a set of variables in a framework to investigate their relationships to IOS visibility. The data used in this study was collected from 124 intermediate component manufacturers in three different manufacturing industries. The results show that IOS visibility positively influences overall supply chain performance, as measured by operational performance. Regarding the antecedents of IOS visibility, factors including asset specificity, interorganizational trust, complementary resources, and joint governance structures are significant, whereas environmental uncertainty and interdependence are not significant.     

Inter-organizational systems use and supply chain performance: Mediating role of supply chain management capabilities

Inter-organizational Systems (IOS) are network-enabled information systems that extend boundaries of an organization. There is a growing interest among researchers and practitioners to understand how the use of IOS enhances firm performance. In this study, we examine how IOS use impacts an organization’s supply chain management (SCM) capabilities and supply chain performance. Drawing on the resource-based view theory, we examine two mechanisms that are essential for enhanced supply chain performance: (a) efficient IOS external utilization regarding its networked partners and (b) the maximization of IOS organizational management capabilities in supply chain management. Using data from 193 respondents from various manufacturers and distributors of fast-moving consumer goods, we confirm all the hypotheses posited in the research model. The results demonstrate the dual effect of IOS use in improving operational supply chain performance, SCM capabilities, and the mediating role of SCM capabilities. We discuss contributions of the study to research and practice.     

烟草企业协同管理平台的专销联动网络架构集成模型探索

结合安徽舒城烟草专销联动实践,在CRM与ERP理论的基础上提出了基于协同管理平台的专销联动网络架构集成模型,并论述供应链管理(SCM)平台的实现过程。从多目标博弈的角度为烟草行业的科学管理提供了新思路。分析烟草企业网络节点通过表示供应链不同利益均衡时协同博弈,进一步研究不同目标任务下的管理方式,建立基于效益和效率的多目标供应链博弈模型,在确保供应链稳定运作的前提下,通过目标权重设置可以达到企业最优的组织模式。     

信息技术在企业供应链中的应用

本文介绍了新型管理模式供应链管理的含义及作用，探讨了供应链中的信息与传统物流信息的差异和供应链信息的特点，并介绍和论述信息技术BAR CORD、EDI、EOS、POS、GPS、GIS对供应链管理的支撑作用。     

供应链碳管理决策系统的构建与应用

随着全球温室气体日益增加,环境保护问题日益突出,对供应链管理提出了新的挑战。只有量化生产经营活动中存在的直接和间接排放,管理者才能获得准确的碳排放信息以进行碳管理决策;而要实现供应链的整体碳减排,企业之间必须要进行碳信息的沟通。使用生态控制来识别和测量企业的碳绩效,可以为企业管理者提供有效的碳信息,有利于企业制定有效的碳管理策略。基于生态控制方法构建供应链碳管理决策支持系统,并以汽车行业为例进行具体运用。     

基于层次分析法的供应链存货质押融资风险模糊综合评价

供应链存货质押融资是一种新的融资模式,是解决中小企业融资难题的创新金融产品,对其风险评价方法进行研究具有重要意义。介绍了供应链存货质押融资的发展状况;通过对供应链存货质押融资风险进行分析,建立了供应链存货质押融资风险评价指标体系;然后应用层次分析法,合理地确定了各指标的权重;最后应用模糊综合评价法对融资风险进行综合评价。将层次分析法与模糊综合评价法相结合,为供应链存货质押融资风险评价提供了一种科学可行的方法。     

基于灰关联寻优的协同研制供应链风险评估研究

研究不完全信息下大型客机协同研制供应链风险的评估方法。针对大型客机供应链风险评估的不完全特征,建立了考虑接近关联度和相似关联度最大的不完全信息推测模型;依据最大关联度的思想,提出了群体评估者定权的方法;基于灰靶决策框架,提出了考虑风险最大区分思想下的属性权重测算的极大熵方法。将所提出理论应用到大型客机“主-供”模式协同研制“初创期”的供应链风险评估实践,并得到合理的评估结果。     

A probabilistic approach to information management of order fulfilment reliability with the help of perfect-order analytics

Supplier reliability and order fulfilment performance are usually assessed using a perfect-order calculation. Information management of perfect-order estimation is frequently reduced to expert estimates and to the multiplication of probabilities of failure-free performance of some logistics operations. Moreover, perfect-order estimation is calculated without consideration of supply chain structure, possible combinations of failures, and operational policies (e.g., safety stock levels and alternative transportation routes). As a result, the existing methods frequently provide different estimates for the same statistics and cannot be consistently used in the allocation of companies’ resources to improve the order fulfilment process. This paper considers different variants of probabilistic assessment of a perfect order and proposes an approach to assess the impact of changes in parameter probabilities and number of parameters on the value of a perfect order. The proposed models are based on an analytical approach using discrete distributions of random variables. We illustrate the applicability of our approach to several numerical examples to confirm the adequacy of the proposed method. Our approach can be immediately applied in practice to assess supply and order fulfilment process reliability and to evaluate the effectiveness of various operational policies (safety stock levels or modes of transportation) to achieve some planned values of a perfect order in the supply chain.     

协同创新对中小企业供应链融资绩效的影响信号理论视角

基于信号理论,本研究探究协同创新信号如何影响中小企业供应链融资绩效,并识别信息技术应用与环境竞争性对信号甄别的优化作用。基于234份中小企业有效样本进行实证分析发现：（1）协同创新是促进中小企业供应链融资绩效提升的关键信号;（2）信息技术应用对协同创新与中小企业供应链融资绩效之间的关系具有积极作用;（3）协同创新、信息技术应用与环境竞争性三项交互作用与中小企业供应链融资绩效正相关。本研究将信号理论拓展至供应链金融研究领域,丰富了供应链金融的研究视角,为复杂变革情境下中小企业供应链融资实践提供了一定的管理参考。     

Supply chain information capabilities and performance outcomes: An empirical study of Korean steel suppliers

This article discusses how supply chain information capabilities are instrumental to achieve performance outcomes. We identify critical components of supply chain information capabilities in terms of inter-organizational information system capacity and inter-organizational relational competency. In view of the high degree of industry concentration in Korea, this article presents and tests a research model using a sample of Korean steel suppliers. Empirical tests are conducted using the structural equation modeling, PLS (partial least squares). The results of this study suggest that Korean manufacturing (e.g., automobile, shipbuilding, construction, and mobile industries) are heavily influenced by the competitiveness of the steel industry in terms of supply chain information capabilities and performance outcomes—supply chain-level (i.e., supply chain flexibility) and firm-level performance outcomes (i.e., customer responsiveness and cost reductions). Future research may extend the findings of this study in other country contexts to accomplish both customer responsiveness and cost reductions through supply chain information capabilities.     

Collaboration in demand-driven supply chain: Based on a perspective of governance and IT-business strategic alignment

In today’s marketplace, firms participating in a supply chain are required to work collaboratively to quickly respond to market and consumer demands. To understand how firms may effectively achieve supply chain collaboration, this paper presents an empirical study using a moderated mediation model that explores the effects of formal contract, e-business strategic alignment (including intellectual and operational alignment) and the degree of competition on collaboration in demand-driven supply chain. Using data from a survey of IT and business executives in 209 firms, we discover that formal contract has a positive effect on supply chain collaboration through intellectual and operational alignment. In addition, the positive mediating effect of operational alignment is stronger under a higher degree of competition. Although there is no moderated mediation effect in the path of formal contract-intellectual alignment-supply chain collaboration, the degree of competition shows a negative moderated effect on the relationship between formal contract and intellectual alignment, and a positive moderated effect on the relationship between intellectual alignment and supply chain collaboration. Learnings from this study contribute to supply chain management literature, and provide a comprehensive view of the governance and strategic antecedents of supply chain collaboration under various environmental circumstances.     

Information systems and sustainable supply chain management towards a more sustainable society: Where we are and where we are going

The objectives of this study are to identify and systematize scholarly articles on the use of information system to support sustainable supply chain management and to suggest future research opportunities. Therefore, a structured literature review was conducted. The most relevant studies identified were classified and categorized into seven dimensions: research context, research focus, research method, sector analyzed, information system (IS) beneficiaries, relationship between IS and green supply chain practices, and performance benefits. The main authors and articles on this particular topic were identified. In addition, it was concluded that IS is an important support tool for sustainable supply chain management practices since it brings benefits to the organization, suppliers, and customers. Furthermore, IS positively influences the operational, financial, and environmental performance of the organization. However, further advances in the literature are still needed. The major contribution of this research is related to the recommendations that provide opportunities for future research.     

复杂产品制造业集群供应链系统组织模式研究/FONT

    摘要：分析了复杂产品设计与制造的特点以及集群供应链系统组织的特征,在此基础上提出了适合复杂产品设计、制造与产品服务的集群供应链系统两阶段组织模式,并根据集成程度将集群供应链的组织模式划分为战略级、项目级、专业产品级和过程级四种模式进行探讨,最后用实际案例对所提出的模式进行了实证分析。       

基于灰色多层次评价模型的供应链风险评估

针对供应链的特点,设计出供应链风险评价指标体系,综合运用层次分析法和灰色系统理论,建立灰色多层次评价模型对供应链风险进行评估,将评价者的分散信息处理成一个描述不同灰类的权向量,在此基础上,再进行单值化处理,从而得到受评者的综合评价值,为有效地评价和管理供应链风险提供了一种科学合理的依据。     

Knowledge complementarity and knowledge exchange in supply channel relationships

Existing literature on knowledge exchange in inter-organizational relationships (e.g., a supply channel) reveals two opposing forces at work: (1) collaborative behavior and (2) opportunistic behavior. A concurrent assessment of the opposing perspectives and the contingencies under which each is relevant for supply channel performance can add valuable insights about the dynamics of knowledge exchange. We juxtapose the two behavior patterns using social capital theory and transaction cost economics (TCE) respectively as the explicators and employ knowledge complementarity as the contingency to reconcile the opposing behavior patterns. The choice of knowledge complementarity in this role stems from ample theoretical and empirical support in prior literature about the criticality of this factor in inter-firm knowledge exchange.     

Blockchain adoption challenges in supply chain: An empirical investigation of the main drivers in India and the USA

The digitalization phenomenon is leveraging new relationship models through the entire supply chain network. In this outlook, blockchain is a cutting-edge technology that is already transforming and remodeling the relationships between all members of logistics and supply chain systems. Yet, while studies on blockchain have gained a relative pace over the recent years, the literature on this topic does not report sufficient research cases on blockchain adoption behavior at the individual level. The present study, therefore, aims to bridge this gap, notably by helping understand the individual blockchain adoption behavior in the logistics and supply chain field in India and the USA. Drawing on the emerging literature on blockchain, supply chain and network theory, as well as on technology acceptance models (TAMs), we have developed a model based on a slightly-altered version of the classical unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The model being developed was then estimated using the Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). As the model was eventually supported, the results obtained revealed the existence of distinct adoption behaviors between India-based and USA-based professionals. In parallel, the findings appear as a useful contribution to and a sign of progress for the literature on IT adoption, SCM, and blockchain.     

供应链金融动因分析及其流程设计

作为物流金融的深化和发展,供应链金融为所涉及的主体带来了巨大的利益预期。在辨析物流金融与供应链金融异同的基础上,分析供应链金融的形成动因,并设计了供应链金融模式的运作流程。     

Coordinating innovation projects with high tech suppliers through contracts

This paper investigates the supply chain (SC) management and innovation strategies with the purpose to identify: 1) which commercial contracts are suitable to coordinate SC innovation projects; 2) which motivations push SC members to adopt contracts to pursue innovation projects; and 3) how contractual clauses differ in different stages of the innovation process. A comparative case study among five High Tech (HT) companies in the Netherlands uncovers the motivations for adopting certain contracts over others. The findings illustrate that contracts discussed in the literature (sales-rebate, buy back, revenue sharing, etc.) successfully work for commercial agreements but not at all for coordinating joint innovation projects. Motivations for adopting these contracts do not limit to general company characteristics but also stretch from historical reasons to future strategies. The findings help HT companies to setting up the basis of a contract to coordinate joint innovation projects within SCs.     

The impact of IT on supply chain agility and firm performance: An empirical investigation

This study investigates the impact of information technology (IT) on supply chain agility measured by the ability to sense and respond to market changes, and the impact supply chain agility has on firm performance. Data were collected from supply chain executives at 193 U.S. manufacturing firms. The results suggest that IT improves the supply chain's ability to sense market changes by improving the adequacy, accuracy, accessibility, and timeliness of the information flows among members of the supply chain. IT also increases the supply chain's ability to respond to market changes by reducing the cost, and improving the quality and timeliness of developing and executing coordinated plans to respond to market changes throughout the supply chain. Importantly, the results indicate that enhanced supply chain agility has positive impacts on the firm's sales, market share, profitability, speed to market, and customer satisfaction.