调和NA群上几种新的Hardy不确定原理

介绍了调和NA群上的Radon变换,以及这个变换和Helgason-Fourier变换之间的关系。基于这些变换,将实直线R上Morgan形式的Hardy不确定原理和Cowling-Price形式的Hardy不确定原理推广到调和NA群。     

"This compendious language": mathematics in the world of Augustus De Morgan

Mathematics is the most chameleon of subjects, whose meaning is differently defined in different circumstances. This essay considers the mathematics of Augustus De Morgan as an illustration of the ways that the essence of the subject, the very objects that are included within it, has been adjusted in response to cultural factors. Since these cultural factors are the same ones that shape scientific development, the argument is that the history of mathematics and the history of science are always inextricably bound to one another.     

Characterizing eParticipation

eParticipation is an emerging research area which, like most emerging areas, lacks a clear literature base or research approach. This study maps out some of the academic theories and disciplines that the new area addresses, using conventional literature study techniques. We identify 99 articles that are considered to be highly relevant to eParticipation. We develop a definitional schema that suggests different ways of understanding an emerging research area, and use this schema to identify key academic articles that help to define eParticipation. We adapt Deetz's [(1996). Describing differences in approaches to organization science: Rethinking Burrell and Morgan and their legacy. Organization Science, 7(2), 191–207] taxonomy of discourses in organizational science to provide an overall categorization scheme for research in the area, and map the literature. The article thus contributes to a developing picture which will help future researchers both to understand and to navigate the research area.     

Resolving the gamer’s dilemma

Morgan Luck raises a potentially troubling problem for gamers who enjoy video games that allow the player to commit acts of virtual murder. The problem simply is that the arguments typically advanced to defend virtual murder in video games would appear to also support video games that allowed gamers to commit acts of virtual paedophilia. Luck’s arguments are persuasive, however, there is one line of argument that he does not consider, which may provide the relevant distinction: as virtual paedophilia involves the depiction of sexual acts involving children, it is therefore an instance of child pornography. I argue that virtual paedophilia involves the depiction of sexual acts involving children, which amounts to child pornography. I then draw on arguments to show that child pornography is morally objectionable. Finally, depictions of virtual murder are not instances of pornography, and so are not morally objectionable for this reason. So, there is a relevant moral distinction to draw between virtual murder and virtual paedophilia that is able to justify the former but not the latter.     

Concurrent shear stress and chemical stimulation of mechano-sensitive cells by discontinuous dielectrophoresis

Microfluidic platforms enable a variety of physical or chemical stimulation of single or multiple cells to be examined and monitored in real-time. To date, intracellular calcium signalling research is, however, predominantly focused on observing the response of cells to a single mode of stimulation; consequently, the sensitising/desensitising of cell responses under concurrent stimuli is not well studied. In this paper, we provide an extended Discontinuous Dielectrophoresis procedure to investigate the sensitising of chemical stimulation, over an extensive range of shear stress, up to 63 dyn/cm², which encompasses shear stresses experienced in the arterial and venus systems (10 to 60 dyn/cm²). Furthermore, the TRPV4-selective agonist GSK1016790A, a form of chemical stimulation, did not influence the ability of the cells'' to remain immobilised under high levels of shear stress; thus, enabling us to investigate shear stress stimulation on agonism. Our experiments revealed that shear stress sensitises GSK1016790A-evoked intracellular calcium signalling of cells in a shear-stimulus dependent manner, as observed through a reduction in the cellular response time and an increase in the pharmacological efficacy. Consequently, suggesting that the role of TRPV4 may be underestimated in endothelial cells—which experience high levels of shear stress. This study highlights the importance of conducting studies at high levels of shear stress. Additionally, our approach will be valuable for examining the effect of high levels of shear on different cell types under different conditions, as presented here for agonist activation.     

Towards model governance in predictive toxicology

Efficient management of toxicity information as an enterprise asset is increasingly important for the chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries. Many organisations focus on better information organisation and reuse, in an attempt to reduce the costs of testing and manufacturing in the product development phase. Toxicity information is extracted not only from toxicity data but also from predictive models. Accurate and appropriately shared models can bring a number of benefits if we are able to make effective use of existing expertise. Although usage of existing models may provide high-impact insights into the relationships between chemical attributes and specific toxicological effects, they can also be a source of risk for incorrect decisions. Thus, there is a need to provide a framework for efficient model management. To address this gap, this paper introduces a concept of model governance, that is based upon data governance principles. We extend the data governance processes by adding procedures that allow the evaluation of model use and governance for enterprise purposes. The core aspect of model governance is model representation. We propose six rules that form the basis of a model representation schema, called Minimum Information About a QSAR Model Representation (MIAQMR). As a proof-of-concept of our model governance framework we develop a web application called Model and Data Farm (MADFARM), in which models are described by the MIAQMR-ML markup language.     

A rapid,inexpensive surface treatment for enhanced functionality of polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic channels

A rapid, inexpensive method using alkoxysilanes has been developed to selectively coat the interior of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channels with an integral silicaceous layer. This method combines the rapid prototyping capabilities of PDMS with the desirable wetting and electroosmotic properties of glass. The procedure can be carried out on the open faces of PDMS blocks prior to enclosure of the channels, or by flowing the reagents through the preformed channels. Therefore, this methodology allows for high-throughput processing of entire microfluidic devices or selective modification of specific areas of a device. Modification of PDMS with tetraethoxysilane generated a stable surface layer, with enhanced wettability and a more stable electroosmotic flow rate than native PDMS. Modification of PDMS with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane generated a surface layer bearing amine functionalities allowing for further chemical derivatization of the PDMS surface.     

Maintaining continuity through a scientific revolution: a rereading of E. B. Wilson and T. H. Morgan on sex determination and Mendelism

A rereading of the American scientific literature on sex determination from 1902 to 1926 leads to a different understanding of the construction of the Mendelian-chromosome theory after 1910. There was significant intellectual continuity, which has not been properly appreciated, underlying this scientific "revolution." After reexamining the relationship between the ideas of key scientists, in particular Edmund B. Wilson and Thomas Hunt Morgan, I argue that, contrary to the historical literature, Wilson and Morgan did not adopt opposing views on Mendelism and sex determination. Rather, each preferred a non-Mendelian explanation of the determination of sex. Around 1910, both integrated the Mendelian and non-Mendelian theories to create a synthetic theory. One problem was the need to avoid an overly deterministic view of sex while also accepting the validity of Mendelism. Morgan's discovery of mutations on the X chromosome takes on different significance when set in the context of the debate about sex determination, and Calvin Bridges's work on sex determination is better seen as a development of Morgan's ideas, rather than a departure from them. Conclusions point to the role of synthesis within fields as a way to advance scientific theories and reflect on the relationship between synthesis and explanatory "pluralism" in biology.     

Identification of a nonlinear dynamic biological model using the dominant parameter selection method

The identification of nonlinear models sometimes encounters problems because of the limited amount of available measurements in combination with a large number of uncertain model parameters to be identified. E.g., the determination of the chemical composition of a lettuce crop is a rather expensive procedure; thus the number of experimental measurements is limited. As a result, the number of parameters of the dynamic model that can be successively identified is also limited, and the subset of the parameters to be identified must be chosen in a reasonable way.Parameter estimation for an extended nonlinear three-state model for lettuce growth in greenhouses is presented in this paper. The varying structural nitrogen concentration and water contents are the new elements included in the model. The dominant parameter selection (DPS) method was used to select a suitable set of identifiable parameters. The resulting calibrated model predicts quite well the experimental data which also include observations with severe nitrogen stress.     

增感中心形成、本质及功能的研究进展

综述了近二十年有关硫增感和金增感的文献，对于这两种化学增感方法得到的增感中心，分别讨论了其形成机理、本质及在照相过程中的作用，特别对硫增感中心的大小、电荷、生长拓扑学以及生长方式的外延取向等进行了讨论，并展望了今后的发展趋势。     

网络化学化工信息资源的分类对比研究

从网络搜索角度,将免费网络化学化工资源分为化学化工资源导航系统;化学化工搜索引擎;各种免费数据库和化学化工虚拟社区、wiki社区、化学化工blog四大类,对同类资源的功能进行对比研究,给资源以定位,为广大化学及相关研究者利用免费资源做出引导。同时对于资源的独特分类也为网络化学化工资源的整合和建设提供参考。     

A methodology for character recognition and revision of the linear equations solving procedure

Linear equations are valuable for real-world modeling phenomena involving at least one variable. However, verifying if the procedure followed by a human for solving a linear equation was done correctly is still a complicated matter. In this paper, we propose a methodology for the automatic character recognition and revision of the solving procedure of linear equations with one unknown. First, a camera is used to acquire an image of the handwritten solving procedure. Then, the image is pre-processed, and each character and equation lines are segmented. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to conduct the character recognition stage. Finally, a comparison rule is applied to revise the solving procedure. The character recognition was verified on a 2800 image data set (2100 for training and 700 for testing), including the ten digits and four symbols: ×, +, -, /. The revision procedure was tested on a data set with 140 handwritten equations (125 for training and 15 for testing). The results revealed that we recognized handwritten characters with an accuracy of 99%, which is similar to the state-of-the-art. Moreover, our proposal revised the solving procedure with an efficiency of 86.66%.     

The effect of business intelligence,organizational learning and innovation on the financial performance of innovative companies located in Science Park

The key to business success for many companies is the correct use of data to make better, faster and flawless decisions. Companies need to use robust and efficient tools such as business intelligence (BI) as positive catalysts to achieve this goal, which can assist them in mechanizing the tasks of analysis, decision making, strategy formulation and forecasting. In other words, the purpose of using BI in these institutions is to collect, process, and analyze large volumes of data and convert them into effective business value in decision making through the creation of analytical intelligent reporting platforms. Therefore, this study aims to answer the question whether operationalization of BI, Organizational Learning (OL) and Innovation and utilization of their applications can provide financial performance enhancement for these companies. As mentioned above, the statistical population of this research is innovation companies Located in Science Park with 400 staff and according to Morgan table, 196 employees of these companies were picked as statistical case. Info accumulation tool is the questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been measured. Research findings demonstrate that BI and innovation have a critical influence on the companies conduct. But there was no meaningful relationship between OL and financial performance of these companies.     

基于复合权重-TOPSIS法的我国化工企业环境绩效评价研究

化工企业在生产经营过程中会对环境产生较大的污染,因此对其进行环境绩效评价至关重要。根据化工行业特点构建全面具体的化工企业环境绩效评价指标体系,同时结合主客观赋权法的优点综合确定复合权重,建立复合权重-TOPSIS综合评价方法,并对所选化工企业样本的2012年环境绩效进行评价排序。     

Reduction of models of large scale lumped structures using normal modes and bond graphs

Bond graphs are an extremely useful modeling procedure for representing the actual energy exchange mechanisms of interacting dynamic systems. Governing state equations are straightforwardly obtained from the bond graph; however, for large structures, a restrictively large number of equations can result. A procedure is developed whereby the original equations are reduced to a form suitable for modal decomposition. The resulting modes are reinterpreted in bond graph form with the resulting model being an extremely accurate system representation while requiring only a fraction of the original number of equations. The procedure is demonstrated through example.     

Cell structure minimization for incompletely specified cellular arrays of ROMs

Two new reduction techniques are presented for detecting equivalencies and redundancies in a given cellular array of ROMs and simplifying the cell structure. One of these techniques is related to the procedures for minimizing states in incompletely specified sequential machines.The first new procedure is developed as an extension of Biswas' procedure for minimizing the number of equivalent states and lateral signals. This generalized procedure applies to all classes of cellular arrays. The second reduction technique provides methods of detecting co-redundant states or lateral signals. This procedure is also generalized to apply to the more complex classes of cellular arrays. An illustrative example of each is included.     

Resonant inerter based vibration absorbers on flexible structures

The paper presents an explicit two-step calibration procedure for tuned inerter based vibration absorbers on flexible structures. It makes use of a local approximate representation of the structural response to the device force, in which the contribution of the non-resonant modes is represented approximately around the resonance frequency by a background flexibility and a background inertia term. The calibration procedure then consists of two steps. The first step calibrates an equivalent vibration absorber including the background terms, and the second step subsequently evaluates the parameters of the actual device by extracting the background flexibility and inertia parameters. The first step represents the classic idealized single degree of freedom representation of the structure, whereas the second step leads to an increase of stiffness, inertia and damping parameters of the actual device due to background flexibility of the structure. The procedure is illustrated in detail for three inerter based vibration absorbers: parallel coupling of damper and stiffness, parallel coupling of damper and inerter, and finally a device with two dampers in parallel with stiffness and inerter elements, respectively. Explicit expressions for the calibration are obtained for each device, and it is demonstrated that the procedure leads to a balanced plateau of amplification around the resonance frequency of the magnitude assumed as the basis for the device parameter calibration.     

Bromo-oxidation reaction in enzyme-entrapped alginate hollow microfibers

In this article, the authors present the fabrication of an enzyme-entrapped alginate hollow fiber using a microfluidic device. Further use of enzyme-entrapped alginate hollow fibers as a biocatalytic microchemical reactor for chemical synthesis is also deliberated in this article. To ensure that there is no enzyme leaching from the fiber, fiber surfaces were coated with chitosan. To confine the mobility of reactants and products within the porous hollow fibers the entire fibers were embedded into a transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix which also works as a support matrix. A vanadium-containing bromoperoxidase enzyme isolated from Corallina confusa was used as a model enzyme to demonstrate the use of these alginate hollow-fiber reactors in bromo-oxidation of phenol red to bromophenol blue at different dye flow rates. Stability of the entrapped enzyme at different temperatures and the effect of the chitosan coating on the reaction conversion were also studied. It was observed that molecules as big as 27 kDa can be retained in the matrix after coating with chitosan while molecules with molecular-weight of around 378 Da can still diffuse in and out of the matrix. The kinetic conversion rate in this microfluidic bioreactor was more than 41-fold faster when compared with the standard test-tube procedure.     

以工程教育专业认证为导向的化工专业改革探析

工程教育专业认证是工程教育质量保障体系的重要组成部分,实施工程教育专业认证是我国工程教育与国际接轨的必然选择。文章阐述了化学工程与工艺专业实行专业认证的重要意义。通过解读化学工程与工艺专业认证标准,对照当下化学化工高等教育办学过程中的一些问题,提出了化工专业教学的改革措施。从调整培养计划,优化课程结构,加强实践环节,提高教师的工程实践水平,增强学生的团队精神训练,完善毕业生的调查与跟踪机制等诸多方面论证了以工程教育专业认证为导向的化工专业改革思路。