新著作权法评析

新著作权法是在我国入世前夕颁布的一部知识产权法律。作者结合《伯尔尼公约》、TRIPS协议等国际条约的有关规定，并与原著作权法相比，对其从七个方面进行了评论和分析。     

图书馆印刷品阅读障碍人士版权例外研究——《马拉喀什条约》述评及对中国图书馆界的建议

概述《关于为盲人、视力障碍者或其他印刷品阅读障碍者获得已出版作品提供便利的马拉喀什条约》的缔结进展,论述该《条约》所涉及的印刷品阅读障碍人士版权例外的适用范围和关键内容,阐述其对图书馆无障碍服务的意义,并结合中国实践,对图书馆界提出建议。     

高校图书馆自建数据库作品类型与权利归属的探讨

著作权法保护模式下的以高校图书馆自建数据库为权利客体的著作权归属问题十分复杂,不同的建设模式决定了著作权作品类型与权利归属的不同。从权利主体与权利分配角度看,委托建设、图书馆自主建设、图书馆职工主持建设情况下的数据库作品类型可分属法人作品、职务作品、个人作品,不同类型的作品决定了著作权相关权利的所有者不同,图书馆、受托人、职工创作者都可依法享有相关权利。     

机构知识库建设中存缴和发布已发表作品的法理透析——梳理中国科学院研究所机构知识库主要著作权疑虑

作者在发表作品时,通常与出版商就著作权中的财产权签订转让协议（版权转让协议）,作者由此对其作品著作权中的财产权丧失行使权。中国科学院研究所机构知识库建设中主要的著作权疑虑源于已发表作品的作者轻易放弃了著作权中财产权的行使权。中国科学院研究所机构知识库存缴和发布的作品均为公共资金资助作品。由公共资金资助的作品存缴和发布到机构知识库符合著作权相关法律保障公共利益的宗旨,出版商无权剥夺这些作品的公众获取权。     

美国版权侵权认定标准演化研究

美国法院按照以下两个程序认定被告是否侵权并在此过程中确定侵权认定标准：首先,原告对作品是否拥有有效的版权;第二,被告是否侵犯了原告的版权。“被告是否侵犯了原告的版权”认定也有两步：一是被告是否事实上抄袭了原告作品,二是被告是否抄袭了原告作品中受版权保护的表达部分并足以构成侵权。而对于“抄袭是否足以构成侵权”的判断就是“实质相似”判断。在美国,随着时间的变化、技术的发展和人们认识的变化,不同的巡回法院在不同的阶段对“实质相似”判断方法是不同的,依时间变化分别有专家证言与抽象测试法、一般观察者的“整体判断”测试法、“整体概念和感觉”测试法(后来改进为“外在/内在”测试法)、“作品所针对的对象”测试法、“更敏锐的观察者”分析法和“抽象-过滤-比较”测试法。     

开放存取环境下我国数字图书馆著作权集体管理研究

开放存取运动出现和发展,给我国数字图书馆的发展带来了机遇,但对传统的著作权管理模式带来了挑战。作者分析了开放存取给著作权集体管理带来的挑战,并对我国数字图书馆的著作权集体管理的发展提出了相应的对策。     

欧盟《孤儿作品指令》法律效力及其制度环境研究

[目的/意义] 以欧盟知识产权统一国际私法政策为切入点,研究欧盟孤儿作品立法的制度环境与《孤儿作品指令》法律效力的关联性,为构建中国本土化孤儿作品利用的法定许可制度提供理论支持。[方法/过程] 采用法律规范分析方法,以《孤儿作品指令》适用反致为研究基础,分析《孤儿作品指令》的法律渊源,如著作权延伸性集体管理制度和著作权补偿金制度等。[结果/结论] 要构建中国本土化的孤儿作品利用法定许可制度,首先应明确孤儿作品立法的价值目标和制度功能。其次具备孤儿作品利用所要求的具有可操作性的制度供给和组织架构。     

基于MOOCs的图书馆发展策略

基于MOOCs的发展现状,分析了MOOCs的特点及其与图书馆服务的一致性,揭示MOOCs环境下图书馆面临的机遇和挑战,包括服务用户多元化、版权危机和知识服务,提出了图书馆采取的应对策略,包括开辟版权服务新领域、提高用户信息素养、学习大数据、完善MOOCs配套服务等。     

探寻孤儿作品版权问题的解决之道——欧洲ARROW项目的实践与启示

欧盟于2008年11月开始实施＂版权信息与孤儿作品登记＂（ARROW）项目,以清楚地揭示欧洲境内各种作品的权利状态,使数字馆藏的授权可以在透明且价格合理的机制下进行。ARROW项目为用户提供了可以揭示欧洲图书版权信息的分布式网络并进行孤儿作品登记。ARROW项目将图书馆、出版商、版权管理组织等机构与著者紧密联系起来,著者利用ARROW系统可以实现作品及版权信息的交换与识别处理,对我国孤儿作品版权信息揭示及授权机制的建立具有借鉴意义。     

我国数字图书馆版权强制许可制度研究

我国《著作权法》及《信息网络传播权保护条例》等法律法规的规定,使数字图书馆建设步履维艰,因此有必要为数字图书馆版权授权提供一种切实可行的途径。强制许可制度的实行,则是弥补数字图书馆版权授权的一种较理想的途径,强制许可使权利人获取适当补偿,而利用者可以获得进入市场的机会,是作品利用机制中存在交易成本和反竞争行为的情形之合理选择。     

What does ZWOLLE stand for?

Zwolle stands for a unique approach to the management of copyright in international higher and further education. The stakeholders in copyright management include authors, publishers, librarians, universities and the public. The seven Zwolle Principles were agreed at the conference on Copyright and Universities held in Zwolle in The Netherlands in December 2002. The principles and the examples of good practice in copyright management represent the best opportunity for resolving differences and achieving convergence of the interests of stakeholders.     

International rights business in Asia Frankfurt book fair an overview of doing business in Asia

The Frankfurt Book Fair sponsors an annual International Rights Directors Meeting to provide an opportunity for professionals from over 107 countries to get together and discuss new developments in the sale or purchase of reprint, translation and adaptation rights with related copyright issues. It seems to make sense to share the presentations that focus on countries for which information is not readily available.     

Libraries,copyright and the electronic environment

This paper was prepared for the International Publishers Association and adopted by its international committee in April 1996. The paper stresses that the new electronic environment will require mature international standards of copyright protection. Publishers have concerns over how copyrighted works should be protected and welcome the opportunity to work with libraries and library associations to consider the uses of digitized formats that will preserve the rights of copyright holders while ensuring that publishers reach their intended audience. copyright and new technology of the Association of American Publishers.     

Developing a Web API for Interlibrary Loan Copyright Payments

Wayne State University Libraries (WSUL) pays copyright royalties for Interlibrary Loan (ILL) copy requests that exceed National Commission on New Technological Uses of Copyrighted Works (CONTU) guidelines. Prior to 2011, submitting requests to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) required harvesting the necessary data from ILLiad and Innovative Interfaces’ Interlibrary Loan systems, validating the requests, and submitting a combined spreadsheet to CCC. A 2010 announcement from CCC indicated that they will no longer accept spreadsheets for invoicing. The alternative method of submitting requests involves using their web submission interface—which is time consuming and places a heavy burden on staff resources. In response, WSUL developed a .Net web-based application that automatically harvests, validates, and submits requests to CCC using their private application programming interface (API). The system interfaces with multiple ILL systems and submits payment lists automatically, removing the need to manually enter copyright orders. Initial estimates suggest a yearly reduction of over 500 hours in staff time when compared to the web submission method.     

Plagiarism and piracy: a publisher's perspective

Examples of ‘plagiarism’ and ‘piracy’ are explored in the context of copyright legislation, and the practical role of ‘fair dealing’ is examined. The article shows how a tension exists at the heart of copyright: that between the ‘right of protection’ and the ‘right of communication’. It argues that this tension produces a business dynamic which publishers can exploit to their advantage and which means that piracy (even, and perhaps especially, in the electronic realm) can be regarded more as an opportunity than as a threat.     

Library reserves and copyright: Thirty years on and still changing

Since the passage of the 1976 Copyright Law, library reserve services have had to define continuously the nature of their services within the context of copyright. Lacking professional guidance, librarians reacted to the 1976 Law with a largely conservative set of guidelines for reserve copying due, in large part, to a vacuum of guidelines from the library profession and despite the prevalence of progressive rhetoric. Court cases (NYU, Kinko's and Texaco) have reinforced a conservative approach. However, the environment for reserve remains fluid. Electronic reserves and a recent court decision (Michigan Document Services) offer the profession another opportunity to redefine the reserve/copyright dynamic. Librarians need to avoid past strategic failures and take full advantage of the current environment to press the expansion of reserves into the new electronic library paradigm.     

Fair dealing: a concept in UK copyright law

Fair dealing is a concept which provides certain exceptions to UK copyright law; it permits the use of copyright material in certain circumstances without permission from, or payment to, the copyright owner.     

The dynamics of bilateral intellectual property negotiations: Taiwan and the United States

This study analyzes the progress of copyright enforcement in Taiwan in the period from 1985 to 2000. As a rapidly industrializing region, Taiwan has faced significant pressure from its international trade partners to improve intellectual property protection. This pressure has been strongest from the United States, Taiwan's largest partner. Analysis of the progress of intellectual property protection in Taiwan provides an opportunity to learn more about the dynamics of intellectual property policy development in developing countries, and the impact of U.S. actions on internal IP politics and cultural development. The paper will survey the significant milestones in Taiwanese copyright policy development over the last two decades and conclude with a conceptual model that can be tested by analysis of other case studies of cross-jurisdiction intellectual property relationships.