怎样分析孔子的哲学思想——向关锋、林聿时同志求教

孔子是一个离开我们的时代很远的人人物,要想给他一个十分科学的认识和估价,确实是一件不很容易的事。尤其是分析他的哲学思想,因为孔子没有全面地讨论过所谓“形而上”的宇宙本体问题,所以困难就更大了。但是,可以庆幸的是,一部记述孔子的言论的“论语”和一部记述包括孔子和他同代人的言行在内的春秋史书“左传”,都被公认为可靠的     

客观性、确定性与人之存在

近现代科学的本质是数学性.人控制外部世界的数学理性被哲学家贴上了客观性的标签,其实客观性是一种人为的确定性.事物更多地寓于历史之中,了解了它的历史,才可能全面而客观地认识它.认识客观性自身的由来,有利于我们对理性时代的认识并帮助我们认清楚我们的有限性.     

一部陕西基础教育的成长史

历史需要人创造,也需要人来记述;有的人在创造历史,而有的人在记述历史;有的人则既创造历史,又记述历史.教育历史也是如此.吕明凯和他的《素质教育的跋涉与思考》(上中下三卷本)一书,就是一个教育历史的实践者和记述者对陕西基础教育、体育卫生艺术教育和语言文字工作十整年历史的记录,这是一段有重要历史意义的教育实践与教育纪实.     

主体间性·客观性·历史认识的客观性

认识的客观性问题一直是历史认识论乃至历史哲学的核心问题,也是一个十分棘手的问题,而对这个问题的解决最关键的就是如何对客观性的涵义进行解释,只有这样,对历史认识客观性问题的解决才有可能水到渠成.在此,笔者选择了一种主体间性的维度,对历史认识的客观性问题做了一次新的探索.     

历史认识的客观性

历史认识的客观性问题,是历史认识中的一个重要问题.历史认识对象的特殊性以及历史认识中的主体性的发挥,并不影响历史认识的客观性.正确理解和把握历史认识的客观性对历史科学的确立和历史研究都具有积极的意义.     

历史本体论与走向情本体的教育

历史本体论强调历史的总体性是解释人类社会发展诸多问题的根本,提出了“历史终结日,教育开始时”,“美学—教育学将成为21世纪的中心学科”等关于广义教育的思想,为构建理想的教育提供了重要的、本土的理论视角.人类历史发展的必然性与个体偶然性的共在是构建理想的教育的前提,坚持从历史本体论出发就要从历史主义出发,以培养人性能力为出发点,从生存—情感视角对理想的教育进行可能的构建.理想的教育就意味着既要满足人何以为生的“工具本体”需要,更要满足人为何生的“情本体”需要.     

史学的客观性

二十世纪以来,人们对“近代史学之父”兰克关于“再现全部历史真相”的信条产生了怀疑:史学似乎并不能再现全部历史真相;它只能是对历史进行解释,再解释;史学作为对历史的解释、再解释,本身是一个多元的开放体系。一种历史可以有多种解释,那么,解释还有无客观性?这个关于史学的客观性问题,是史学理论中“最主要也最棘手的问题”之一.     

“美人鱼”真的存在吗

老普利尼是一位记述过“人鱼”生物的自然科学家,在他的不朽著作《自然历史》中写道:“至于美人鱼,也叫做尼厄丽德,     

“历史与历史客观性”的通俗阐释——威廉·德雷《历史哲学》述评

历史与历史客观性问题是历史哲学中一个颇具争议的话题.威廉·德雷在其《历史哲学》中讨论了历史的理解与解释,历史与科学的关系,历史是否具有客观性以及因果判断问题等等,并在很大的篇幅中讨论了实证主义与唯心主义对于历史及其客观性的争论.     

对历史知识真实性的探讨

今天人们称之为历史记述的那种文字作品,如果追溯它的起源,是从古代的叙事诗、史诗脱胎而来的。然而人们通常从这个事实中看到的是历史记述与文学创作的区别:文学作品所叙述的事情可以是虚构的,或可以掺杂着虚构,历史记述则是客观真实的记述。这种看法好象是不容置辩的——要不然历史记述与文学创作的分离就变得不可思议了,如果说得更保守一些,那么至少专门从事历史记述,被称为历史学家的人是坚信自己毫不含糊地追求着客     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.