身体素质发展的年龄性别特征与体育教学训练

本文阐述了青少年儿童身体素质发展与年龄性别的关系。要求体育工作者，根据学生各种身体素质发展的敏感期和男女生的性别差异，抓住时机，有针对性地进行体育教学与训练。     

Age and Sex Differences in Motor Performance of 3 through 6 Year Old Children

Abstract

This study examined the relationship of age and sex to the performance of 3, 4, 5, and 6 year olds on seven motor performance test items. Although significant age and sex differences were found on most of the motor tests, it appears that age generally was related more to performance than was gender. Overall, change with age was fairly linear except perhaps for balancing and a general tapering in improvement in the 5 to 6 year old category. On the tests of throwing and balancing, gender was as important as age, or more so, in its relationship to performance. Boys were superior to girls at all ages on the throwing tests; girls were superior to boys at age 6 on the Balance test. Gender differences of a lesser magnitude were found on the Speed Run and Standing Long Jump tests with the performance of boys generally being superior to the performance of girls. Thus, it appears that gender differences in motor performance occur as early as the preschool years. Interestingly, except for the Balance test, on all the tests the 3 and 4 year old boys performed similarly and the 5 and 6 year old boys performed similarly. For the girls there were more significant differences from year to year in performance, with the data generally indicating at least three distinct skill groups for girls from age 3 to 6.     

影响3~6岁幼儿家庭体育活动行为和活动量的因素及路径分析

采用问卷调查等研究方法,探讨影响3~6岁幼儿家庭体育活动的因素及其路径。结果表明,影响幼儿家庭体育活动的因素分为有6个主因子:幼儿家长体育活动因子、体育活动环境因子、体育认知因子、体育实施条件因子、体育活动物质保障因子、幼儿个体因子;有5条显著路径影响家庭幼儿体育活动量。