A Longitudinal Study of the Transition from Doctoral Student to Faculty Member in Physical Education

ABSTRACT

Purpose: A paucity of literature examines how doctoral students are prepared for the transition into physical education teacher education faculty roles. Given the need to understand how doctoral programs impact such preparation, we sought to investigate this process using a longitudinal approach grounded in occupational socialization theory. Method: Fourteen participants (8 males, 6 female) were interviewed during final stages of doctoral programs and their first years in faculty positions; questions focused on key socializing agents and experiences that shaped their preparation for their academic careers. Data were analyzed using a constant comparison approach entailing open and axial coding. Results: Strong advisor-advisee relationships and finding a supportive department culture during one’s first faculty position were key socializing mechanisms. Participants who independently sought research experiences transitioned more smoothly into faculty roles; however, many had heavy teaching loads which conflicted with ambitions to regularly conduct research. Further, some faculty members experienced tense sociopolitical environments which hindered their productivity and confidence in current job roles. Conclusions: Our results speak to the challenges and successes that faculty members experience as they transition into the academy. Findings have implications for further research and practice to enhance the quality of doctoral education and faculty induction programs.     

体育教育专业毕业生就业新途径--社会体育指导员

通过对师范院校体育教育专业毕业生工作分配困难原因的客观分析，结合当前我国的社会体育指导员相当紧缺的现状，提出体育教育专业毕业生就业的新途径--社会体育指导员。     

普通高校“三全体育”课程体系的构建与实践

在全国高校深入学习贯彻落实全国教育大会精神的时代背景下,提出构建普通高校“三全体育”课程体系,即建立供需平衡的“全方位”协同育人机制、打造四纵四横“全成员”课程管理体制、实施五位一体“全过程”教育教学路径。从增加课程修读学时和学分、完善课程学习过程考核和评价机制、明确课外体育跑距锻炼要求、实施运动俱乐部管理、创新课外课程载体路径等方面阐述了全方位、全成员、全过程的“三全体育”课程体系的具体实施路径,继而通过数据对比得出实施“三全体育”课程体系后的成效,并对完善普通高校“三全体育”课程体系提出建议。     

A Comparison of Knowledge Obsolescence of Graduating Seniors and Practitioners in the Field of Physical Education

Abstract

The issue of defining and measuring professional obsolescence among physical educators is examined through a comparison of the current knowledge base of graduating physical education seniors and physical education practitioners in Pennsylvania. In a previous study, the “Inventory of Recent Knowledge in Physical Education,” a 260-item sample of current knowledge as defined by content experts was developed by the authors and administered by mail to the population of 2,737 male professional members of the public school districts' departments of physical education in Pennsylvania. In the present study, results from the first study were compared with those from an administration of the same instrument to 462 female and male physical education majors graduating from nine Pennsylvania higher education institutions. Both studies employed multiple-matrix procedures for item-person sampling and data analysis. An analysis of the results for both groups showed essentially similar performance profiles on the Inventory. Average scores of the two groups tended to be low and neither met preestablished minimum standards for defining up-to-date or nonobsolete performance. These results point to a clear conflict between what experts think up-to-date persons in the field of physical education should know and the knowledge performance of practitioners and students.     

Leading Contributors to the Research Consortium's Annual Program, 1992–2011: High-Visibility Institutions,Researchers, and Topics

Between 1992–2011, peer-reviewed research on the Research Consortium's annual program has been published in abstract form in the Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. On the basis of frequency, high-visibility institutions, researchers, and sub-disciplinary categories were identified. Data were extracted from each abstract (N?=?5,587). On average, 279 (SD?=?39) abstracts were published annually. The highest visibility institution was Texas A&M University, College Station; individual researcher, Weimo Zhu; and sub-disciplinary area, Pedagogy. Twelve of the top 20 institutions identified in this study took part in the most recent ranking of doctoral programs conducted by the National Academy of Kinesiology, with the Spearman's rho correlation being .66. These results may inform the Research Consortium's and the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance's strategic planning efforts. Those interested in pursuing graduate degrees in the field and those who advise others about potential institutions and faculty mentors to study with may also benefit from this work. However, in doing so, a judicious interpretation of the results must be applied, as many factors should be considered when selecting a graduate program or mentor to study with, especially for those seeking research careers. Additional discussion points also emerged.     

全日制体育硕士就业价值观调查研究

针对体育硕士日渐严峻的就业压力,本文采用调查问卷、访谈法等研究方法,选取全国8所有代表性培养全日制体育硕士的高校,以其培养的体育硕士作为调查对象,对其就业方向、就业地区、就业价值观等方面进行调查,得出以下结论:体育硕士毕业生就业方向大多定位在中小学教师,有少数人希望进入高校、考公务员或自主创业;就业地点不再过分追求一线、沿海大城市;跨专业考取体育硕士的学生的就业问题比较突出;就业时将"生存因素"、"发展因素"、"情感因素"作为最重要的三个因素,已经不再过分追求"声望",转而追求家庭幸福感。     

体育教育专业认证:重大意义、面临问题与推进策略

专业认证是国家教育事业发展“十三五”规划工作的核心任务,开展体育教育专业认证,有利于对接国际标准,推动体育教育专业国际化发展;建立国家标准,构建多层次质量保障体系;形成动态监控,帮助大学合理调配专业资源;强化内生动力,提高专业人才培养质量。当前,我国体育教育专业认证面临着如下问题:从强调“准入”到“产出”的专业建设制度变迁可能产生的路径依赖阻碍,部分专业参与认证的主动性不够,认证标准未能体现体育教育专业特色,认证机构的专业性和独立性欠缺,统一认证要求中个性与特色难以协调等。今后应加强体育教育专业认证制度建设,形成“共性+个性”的体育教育专业认证模式,建立专门的第三方体育教育专业认证机构,充分发挥体育教育专业认证结果的作用。各校应依据认证要求全方位改革以通过专业认证。     

论我国高校研究生体育工作的目标

分析了我国高校研究生体育工作的现状。以研究生培养工作的总目标、现行有关法律、行政法规等理论为依据,提出研究生体育应以“终生体育”为指导思想,以增强研究生体质与健康为主要任务,培养研究生健全的、能够适应未来社会和生活挑战的体魄和心态。同时注意挖掘和发挥研究生所学知识与多学科的优势,为科技兴体服务。     

过度教育对体育教育专业毕业生就业的影响及对策研究

随着高校招生规模的不断扩大,每年都有数以百万计的毕业生走向社会,使得就业市场的竞争压力日益增大。对于教育系统中体育教师岗位的需求而言,体育教育专业毕业生的人数远远供大于求,这就导致过度教育现象的产生。通过对过度教育含义进行解释并对体育教育专业毕业生就业的现状进行分析,找出过度教育对毕业生就业产生的影响,进而为缓解过度教育对体育教育专业学生就业所带来的负面影响而提出一些相关对策,并为高校对体育教育人才的培养提供决策参考。     

浙江省“双高计划”建设高职校体育工作水平的比较优势分析

以专业群建设为引擎的中国特色“双高计划”高职校建设工作,是全面推进高职校办学水平和育人质量提升的国家重要教育制度设计,积极打造与高水平高职校相媲美的学校体育工作水平,是“双高计划”建设高职校广大体育工作者的时代使命和责任担当。以文献资料、数理统计和逻辑推理等研究方法,通过对浙江省入选“双高计划”的15所高职建设校在学校体育工作整体评价、学生体质健康促进、运动竞技能力展示、示范基地引领和运动竞赛风貌彰显等方面在省内外同类院校的比较优势和分析,提出了进一步提升浙江省“双高计划”建设高职校体育工作水平的若干建议。     

高校毕业生健康体适能理论缺失的原因及干预

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、逻辑分析法对高校毕业生健康体适能理论缺失的原因及干预措施进行研究。结果显示:目前健康体适能理论尚未被引入普通高校体育课教学内容;"三自主"体育课程模式存在缺陷;体育教师理论知识更新不及时;以及目前高校对于毕业生是否达到课程目标缺少把关等都是高校毕业健康体适能理论缺失的原因。针对性干预措施为:在国家层面,应出台政策倡导普及健康体适能理论;在学校层面,应深化体育课程改革,规定健康体适能为必修内容;加强高校毕业离校前对健康体适能理论掌握的把关;加强体育师资在健康体适能理论方面的培训。     

运动生物化学教学录像的研制与应用

以体育院系本科、专科、研究生、体育康复保健专业运动生物化学教学大钢为依据,参照教学控制论和程序教学原理进行设计,研制拍摄了18个实验指导和教学演示的运动生物化学教学录像,用于指导实验和教学演示。事实证明,它提高了课堂教学质量,完全符合教学改革的发展趋势。     

对我国全日制体育硕士专业学位教育的思考

针对我国2009年推行的全日制体育硕士专业学位教育,采用文献资料法、调查访谈法、逻辑分析法对我国全日制体育硕士专业学位教育的主要特征、培养状况进行分析。我国全日制体育硕士专业学位教育以培养高层次的应用型、实践性体育专门人才为培养目标,招收对象以无工作经验的应届本科生为主,招收"入口"与培育目标"出口"之间的巨大落差给实际工作带来挑战。我国的全日制体育硕士专业学位教育状况整体上与国家的培养目标要求相一致,各院校在具体的实施操作方面有所不同,培养模式不尽完善。建议更新研究生教育理念,给予全日制体育硕士专业学位教育以合理的定位,同时各院校在以后的实际工作中要不断完善自己的本职工作,借鉴国外研究生的培养模式,注重创新能力和精神的培养,提升全日制体育硕士专业学位研究生的培养质量,进一步适应社会的需求。     

普通高校体育课运动处方在课内外一体化教学模式运用的实验研究

采用实验法、问卷调查法等,对运动处方教学法和课内外一体化教学模式在改善大学生体能状况、调节身心及养成良好的体育习惯等方面进行了实验研究。结果显示：处方教学法及课内外一体化教学模式的综合运用有较强的科学性和较高的实效性,收到了较好的教学效果及锻炼效果,符合目前普通高校体育课程改革及学生要求。     

协同学视域下体育教学协同发展动力研究

运用文献资料法,并以协同学理论为研究工具,研究分析了现代体育教学的发展,同时找出现代体育教学发展的促进因子。研究认为:在子系统之间,体育教学发展的内在动力是“协同”和“竞争”,体育教学组织系统与外界因素的“协同”与“竞争”是其发展的外在推动力,序参量的“协同”与“竞争”是其发展的核心动力。     

‘To honor and glorify God’: the role of religion in one intercollegiate athletics culture

Numerous events have provided evidence that the cultural values and assumptions of intercollegiate athletic departments are often incongruent with those of their host institutions. This discrepancy has even been evident in Christian institutions which seek to integrate faith into the learning experience. Using the organizational culture perspective, this study sought to determine how religion influenced the culture of one intercollegiate athletics department. The study took place at a highly selective evangelical Christian college with a nationally competitive athletic department. Data were collected through interviews with 19 campus leaders, observation of cultural events and document analysis. Analysis occurred qualitatively through a process of theorizing. The results indicate that evangelical Christianity played a significant role in the athletic department's culture by constraining its membership, influencing its pedagogy and guiding department decisions. As a result, its values and assumptions were consistent with those of the overall campus culture. The reasons underlying this cultural integration offer coaches and administrators of all institutional affiliations the possibility that the organizational culture perspective can be used to create athletic programs that are more consistent with institutional values.     

体教融合背景下青少年体育活动开展的困境与思考

体教融合是体育强国、教育强国的重要抓手,更是新时代体育和教育部门工作的重点,其内容丰富、内涵深邃,是教育、体育融合发展的指导性纲要文件。但是,目前体教融合还面临着教育和体育发展的分离、主体内生动力缺失、体育功能单一功利化、家庭和社会体育缺失、后备人才培养不畅等问题。要通过全面落实体教融合制度设计,推进青少年体育治理体系和治理能力现代化;强化体教融合主体责任,切实调动其发展内驱力;贯彻落实“教会、勤练、常赛”的理念,融合体育教育的价值功能;落实“家-校-社”联动机制,推动青少年体育活动开展;夯实人才培养的基础,保证高质量的竞技体育后备人才的培养等策略,坚持“一体化设计、一体化推进”原则,制定切实工作举措,有效配置资源,合力推进青少年体育活动的开展,培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。     

新中国体育学硕士研究生教育的回顾与展望

运用文献资料调研、调查、数理统计、逻辑分析等方法,回顾新中国体育学研究生教育发展的历程、现状和趋势,总结我国体育学研究生教育的发展阶段和特点,阐述建国 50多年来特别是改革开放近30年来学位与研究生教育工作的基本经验.在收集整理全国38所硕士学位授予单位的86份培养方案和122所体育学硕士学位授予单位2007年研究生招生信息进行比较详细的统计的基础上,分析招生规模、学科分布、方向设置、课程体系、学位论文状况以及导师队伍建设,探讨其现状及其特征,指出存在的问题,并从 4个方面对 21世纪体育学研究生教育改革的发展趋势做了展望.     

高校体育教师实施岗位津贴制度的探索与实践

高等学校推行岗位津站制度，打破了学校原有的分配制度，引起了社会广泛关注。学校的体育部门实施岗位津贴。既有共性又有个性，南京理工大学体育部经过两轮的岗位聘任，取得了显著的效果并蕴藏着良好的发展势头，这对正在或即将启动津贴制度的学校体育部门，具有借鉴和参考作用。     

国家愿景下强化学生身体受教育权之路径建议——以义务教育阶段学生为对象

以义务教育阶段学生体质健康现状为研究对象,结果显示学生的身体形态、身体机能和身体素质3方面指标呈下降趋势。学校体育课程未能开齐开足、学生合理运动时间被挤占是主要原因之一,保障学生体质健康的法律、法规不健全,导致义务教育阶段学生身体受教育权受到不同程度侵犯。应尽快修改相关法律法规强化细化学生身体受教育权的保障措施;赋予体育行政部门对侵犯学生身体受教育权的学校和个人进行处罚的权利;体育行政部门或各级政府全面引入第三方机构对各级教育单位进行学生体质检测,以第三方独立真实的检测结果倒逼教育机构对学生身体受教育权进行保护;激励一线体育教师主动维护学生身体受教育权,有效提高教学质量、提升学生身体素质。