美国LODI学区学校系统中家长/社区参与的分析及启示

通过对美国某学区家长催区参与的项目实践的讨论,本文分析了其家长催区参与的模式和特点：涉及管理、课程和教学实践三个层面,努力营造合作共赢的家长/社区／学校关系。这样的关系有助于学校形成良性压力,有助于“校外变革基础”的建立,是学校教育对社会的道德责任的实现。     

牛津大学—社区参与的实践及启示——基于共生理论的分析

大学—社区参与,是大学社会服务职能的升级形式。文章基于共生理论,从共生单元、共生环境和共生模式三要素,分析牛津大学—社区参与实践。在政策环境、经济环境和文化环境的共同作用下,作为共生单元的牛津大学和社区形成了互惠共生关系,且处于连续共生阶段。借鉴牛津大学经验,我国研究型大学—社区参与,应挖掘共生单元以发挥主体作用,改善共生环境以激发外生动力,以及优化共生模式以拓展参与深度。     

学校体育与社区体育共生发展研究

分析了社会体育发展现状和学校体育发展优势,认为学校体育是社区体育发展的基础,在其共生发展互动中,学校体育是强者,应主动帮扶社区体育,特别是在运动场馆、人力资源等方面;社区体育是学校体育的延续,其发展对学校体育进行影响与促进;两者共生协调发展,全民健身和终身体育目标才能得以实现。     

家长和社区在日本学校教育中的作用

在日本,人们对家长和社区参与学校教育十分关注。家长和社区对学校教育的传统作用是一种支持。本文分析了日本家长和社区参与学校教育的类型,介绍了日本政府为了提高家长、社区参与学校教育而采取的一系列改革措施,以及这些措施对于完善我国家长、社区参与学校教育的启示和借鉴意义。     

构建有效的校园安全防范的学校、家庭与社区合作机制——美国巴尔的摩市的经验及其启示

校园安全防范机制的构建,对于学生、学校、教育和社会的稳定与发展,都具有十分重要的意义.美国巴尔的摩市创设的学校--家庭--社区合作项目,充分发挥了学校、家庭和社区的联合作用,有力地保障了学生的安全.因此,学校与家庭和社区合作,能够为学生在校内外创设更安全的学习,生活和成长环境.     

共生理论对于建构西北城市回族社区的启示

共生(Symbiosis)一词的概念源于生物科学,后被引入到社会科学领域,并广泛运用,特别成为社会学界研究社会问题的独特视角和方法论.文章通过对共生理论的介绍,以西北城市回族社区为例,希望通过共生理论,寻找到适合于西北城市回族社区的建构方法,努力构建一个和谐、稳定,互惠共生的城市新社区.     

美国教师帮助家长参与学校作业项目(TIPS)述评

美国约翰·霍普金斯大学的爱波斯坦教授提出家长参与到孩子的家庭作业中(简称为TIPS)的家庭参与模式,并开展了实验研究。其目的在于让教师通过对交互式家庭作业形式的实施,让学生和其家庭体验到更有积极意义的家庭作业,以更好地建构家庭与学校伙伴关系。     

走向以人为本的学校--美国学校组织变革模型及其启示

本文从美国学校组织变革模型出发,探讨了学校组织变革的五个方面:领导者角色定位、学校相关人员的参与关系、学校人事发展新规划、建立非直线型课程体系以及组合学校各子系统.文章进而指出,我国学校组织改革应突出"以人为本"的主题.     

美国学校与社区的互动及其启示

在美国,学校是社区极为重要的有机组成部分,学校和社区双向互动且不断合作。这种互动与合作主要表现为社区对学校的支持、帮助以及学校对社区的开放和服务。它对我们的教育也有启示：让我们的家长会更富有人情味;科学论证并精心组织学校与社会的互动活动;让学生在社区实践中明确学习目的;拆除学校与社区之间的隔离墙;学校和社区应实现资源共享。     

论大学和社区的互惠共生关系

在大学和社区的复杂关系中,互惠共生关系是两者关系发展的未来走向与理想图景,对于增强国家的核心竞争力、破解学校教育的生存危机、提升育人质量、解决城市发展问题、推进学习型社会与学习型大国的建设进程等意义重大。大学和社区的互惠共生意蕴丰富,主要表征在思想共通、利益共享、生态共荣、文化共融与实践共动的“五位一体”关系格局中。审视大学和社区的现实关系可知,其距离“五位一体”的理想图景还存在一定差距,主要体现为大学和社区的共生意识较为薄弱、利益获取相对失衡、合作生态尚待完善、文化认同存在偏重与实践活动松散被动。为有效纾解这些问题,实现大学和社区的互惠共生,根据共生理论,须以共生共荣的发展愿景为价值引领,以两者内部的资源建设为物质基础,以两者合作的法律法规为制度保障,以两者互动合作的通道为媒介连接以及以两者合作活动的开展为实践支撑。     

Immigrant Parents’ Involvement in American Schools: Perspectives from Korean Mothers

The purpose of this study is to investigate Korean immigrant mothers’ perspectives on their involvement in American schools. In-depth interviews were conducted with six mothers. The findings indicated that the Korean mothers confronted difficulties while contacting teachers and participating in school activities. These difficulties included linguistic and cultural barriers, feelings of discrimination, and limited school support. Suggestions for both teachers and parents are discussed. In order to build effective and trusting partnerships, teachers need to be sensitive to Korean parents’ needs and perspectives while Korean mothers need to participate in American schools more actively by voicing their concerns and helping teachers understand their unique cultural values.     

美国中小学法治教育中的社区参与：内涵、实施及特色

美国中小学法治教育的目的决定着社区参与是其必要的组成部分。文章从社区参与的主体、客体和方式三个层面说明了美国中小学法治教育中社区参与的内涵；以社区参与中课堂和社区的双向关系和社区参与中学生的参与程度为切入点简要介绍了其法治教育中社区参与的实施；并对实施过程中体现出的一些特色加以说明。     

The Role of Parents and Community in the Education of the Japanese Child

In Japan, there has been an increased concern about family and community participation in the childs education. Traditionally, the role of parents and community in Japan has been one of support and less one of active involvement in school learning. Since the government commenced education reforms in the last quarter of the 20th century, a more active role for parents and the community in education has been encouraged. These reforms have been inspired by the need to tackle various problems that had arisen, such as the perceived harmful elements of societys preoccupation with academic achievement and the problematic behavior of young people. In this paper, the following issues are examined: (1) education policy and reform measures with regard to parent and community involvement in the childs education; (2) the state of parent and community involvement at the eve of the 20th century.     

Dismay and Disappointment: Parental Involvement of Latino Immigrant Parents

Parental involvement in schools has become more popular over the past decade due to Goals 2000 and research suggesting that student academic success increases when parents are included in the education of their children. Although researchers have examined the issue of parents and schools, limited research on parental involvement has been conducted within immigrant communities. Latino immigrant parents within a predominantly Latino community in California were interviewed. Although the community has strong Latino roots, these immigrant parents believed the schools do not listen or care to listen to their needs as parents. The parents in this study desired to be a part of their children's education, but forces within their children's school prevented them from doing so. The parents wished that teachers would be available to speak about grades, be able to find interpreters during open house and at other times throughout the school day, and communicate with the parents when their child is in need of assistance. Due to the apparent walls that had been established within the school's structure, the parents in this study felt abandoned and helpless while trying to gain information regarding their children's education. Parents in this study were so passionate about their stories that they pleaded with the researcher to let their story be heard in the researchers' teacher education courses so future teachers would know how immigrant parents felt.     

英国家校合作的新形式--家长担任"教学助手"现象述评

本文分析了英国学校中家长担任教学助手现象的背景,并以赫里福郡为例介绍了这一家校合作形式的具体措施及进展.     

家长参与对学前儿童入学准备的影响

本研究以316名大班幼儿及其家长为研究对象,调查家长参与现状,同时探究家长参与及相关背景因素对学前儿童入学准备的影响,结果发现家长的家庭参与度显著高于学校参与和家校沟通;家长参与的各维度与学前儿童整体入学准备水平存在显著性正相关,其中家庭参与正向预测学前儿童的整体入学准备水平,但是学校参与和家校沟通对儿童入学准备没有显著影响;女孩的入学准备整体水平高于男孩,完整家庭的儿童入学准备水平显著高于单亲家庭,中等收入家庭的儿童入学准备水平显著高于低收入家庭。为进一步提高家长的参与水平和质量,进而促进儿童的入学准备,需要转变家长教育观念,充分利用社区资源,丰富家长参与的形式和内容。     

Using Rituals and Traditions to Create Classroom Community for Children, Teachers, and Parents

This article addresses the value of teachers establishing rituals and traditions in early childhood classrooms. Using the lens of a particular preschool classroom, where one of the co-authors taught for many years, the article describes specific traditions that have been established over the years and how these rituals, activities, and events helped to create community among the teachers, parents, and children. The article concludes with questions designed to encourage teachers to reflect on their own memories, values, and interests to create their own rituals and traditions within their classrooms.     

Parents of Traditionally Aged Community College Students: Communications and Choice

Five suburban community colleges in a metropolitan area collaborated on a survey to parents of high school graduates of the class of 2002 who attended the colleges in fall 2002. The study was undertaken to learn more about parents roles in their students selection of community colleges, to give insights and information about this important community college constituency, and to assist community colleges to shape more effective ways to foster positive and supportive opinions among parents of potential students. Parents want the community college to provide students with credits and grade point averages enabling transfer, overestimate their students academic skills as measured by course placement tests, engaged in a number of college-choice activities, and indicate that factors associated with lifestyle and money were major reasons for selecting the community college. Associations between parents social capital and perceptions of their students academic abilities were found for a number of dependent variables examined. The study also revealed important differences in how participating institutions record and calculate key measures such as credits earned and grade point averages.     

上郎德模式:民族社区参与旅游发展的实践与思考

社区参与旅游发展,是旅游业可持续发展的重要途径,上郎德旅游开发模式,体现了墨菲的“社区方法”理念,已进入社区参与旅游发展的一个相对高级的阶段。上郎德旅游发展模式证明,在发展中国家与欠发达乡村,社区方法是可以运用的方法,社区参与旅游发展是对欠发达地区进行开发的一种有效形式,是发展乡村旅游的一种实践模式。