Interactive video: a cost-effective model for mathematics and science classrooms

There is a growing UK interest in the potential of interactive video (IV) for use in schools. This paper considers an application of IV in mathematics classrooms in the United States. Lessons were observed in a number of schools in Oregon, and the reactions of teachers and students to the videodisc presentations are recorded. It was found that participants responded extremely positively to the materials, which were based on a direct instruction model of teaching linked to a mastery learning approach. Despite the apparent effectiveness of these materials, it is argued that their transfer to UK schools would be problematic given current developments in mathematics education. The advantages of a standalone videodisc player for whole-class use are discussed, and it is argued that this might be appropriate in the short term if IV technology is to be accepted in the UK school system.     

数学学习焦虑的预防与消除

学习心理学的相关研究表明：一部分学生的确存在数学学习焦虑这样一种心理现象。引起中小学生数学学习的焦虑的因素主要有数学学科的性质、教师的行为和学习者的个性特点。控制焦虑、改善学生数学学习的途径有：帮助学生分析焦虑的真正内容与根源，使用技术暗示及鼓励合作学习等。     

浅谈初中数学阅读能力的提高

在长期的数学教学中发现学生课堂学习效果很好,但独立学习时质量并不高。数学阅读能力不高的学生很难读懂各种学习资料,学习遇到了障碍,因此提高数学的阅读能力有助于促进学生的数学学习。本文从以下几个方面介绍对数学阅读的认识:一是数学阅读在学习过程中的作用;二是教科书上各类数学语言的用途;三是常用的数学阅读方法训练。要使学生具备良好的数学阅读能力,既要掌握阅读方法还需要刻苦训练。阅读能力的提高,将有助于学生的终生学习与发展。     

专家型数学教师数学教育观及影响因素探究——一个个案研究

采用半结构式访谈和问卷调查深入探讨了1位专家型数学教师的数学观,数学学习观和数学教学观及其相关影响因素。本研究发现该专家型数学教师主要认为:(1)数学是培养学生思维和数学能力的载体,是源于生活和用于生活的,是学生学习、考试的一个科目;(2)学习数学需一定天赋,学生自主参与、归纳总结是数学学习最佳的方式,数学思维和分析解决问题的能力是学生数学学习的主要部分和应达到的水平之一;(3)数学教学的目标在于培养学生的数学思维、分析解决问题的能力,成功的数学教学应注重学生的参与和课后落实。中国传统文化、数学教育传统、新课程理念以及教师的工作环境等都对其观念系统有一定的影响。     

智障学生数学学习兴趣现状及培养策略探讨——以姜堰区特殊教育学校智障学生为例

智障学生的数学学习兴趣现状如何呢？哪些因素影响了数学学习兴趣？怎么样才能提高智障学生的数学学习兴趣呢？这些问题一直困扰着培智学校的多数教师。通过对智障学生的数学学习兴趣现状进行调查研究,我们可以总结出需要通过哪些方法和途径提高智障学生的学习兴趣,可以有针对性地进行下一步的课题研究,建构一个适合智障学生的＂乐学课堂＂。     

Learning environment and students’ mathematics attitude

This study investigated the association between students’ perception of the learning environment and three aspects of their mathematics attitude: ‘mathematics academic self-concept’, ‘enjoyment of mathematics’ and ‘perceived value of mathematics’. The focus was on the association of students’ mathematics attitude with four dimensions in the learning environment: the extent to which the teacher ‘motivates to exert learning effort’, ‘activates towards self-regulated learning’, ‘gives feedback and coaches’, and ‘structures and steers’. Data were obtained from an extended version of the international Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) of 2003. Multilevel analysis on a sample of 4354 eighth grade students in 228 classes in 119 schools in Flanders (Belgium) indicated that the learning environment plays a significant role in the enjoyment of mathematics. This while the mathematics academic self-concept and the perceived value of mathematics are insensitive for aspects in the learning environment.     

论教师的信念与数学教学改革

教师对于数学和数学教学的信念在很大程度上影响着他在课堂教学中的行为。由于教师的信念与当前数学教学改革的理念之间往往是不一致的,这将严重地影响到数学教学改革的进行,因而改变教师的信念就成为数学教学改革的重要条件。文章认为,教师信念的改变虽然是困难但又是可能的,由于传统的继续教育并不能很好地改变教师的信念,因而需要对传统的模式进行改变。论文的最后对于教师的信念和数学教学改革进行了进一步的思考。     

The influences of conceptions of mathematics and self‐directed learning skills on university students' achievement in mathematics

This study tested the mediating role of self‐directed learning skills (SDL) between students’ conceptions of mathematics and their achievement in mathematics using a structural equation model. Data were collected using the “Conceptions of Mathematics Questionnaire” and the “Self‐Rating Scale of Self‐Directed Learning”, together with students’ achievement in mathematics. A sample of 440 first year university students at King Saud University participated in the study. The findings confirm the moderating role of students’ self‐directed learning skills between their conceptions of mathematics and their achievement in mathematics. Students who have a highly fragmented conception of mathematics tended to have low SDL skills, and in turn low mathematics achievement (partial mediation), whereas students who have a highly cohesive conception of mathematics tended to have high self‐directed learning skills, and in turn high mathematics achievement (full mediation). Mathematics educators should be aware that students’ conceptions of mathematics may be influential, but not sufficient to predict achievement in mathematics. Equipping students with appropriate conceptions of mathematics and self‐directed learning skills is key to enhancing their performance in mathematics.     

Effects of teacher professional learning activities on student achievement growth

The authors examined the effects of six types of teacher professional learning activities on student achievement growth over 4 years using statewide longitudinal survey data collected from 467 middle school mathematics teachers in 91 schools merged with 11,192 middle school students' mathematics scores in a standardized assessment in Missouri. The data showed that teacher-centered collaborative activities to learn about mathematics teaching and learning (teacher collaboration and informal communication) seem to be more effective in improving student mathematics achievement than learning activities that do not necessarily involve such teacher-centered collaborative opportunities (professional development programs, university courses, individual learning activities). Teacher-driven research activities through professional conference presentation and participation were also found to be associated with student achievement growth in mathematics. The districts and schools may benefit from investing their professional development funds and resources in facilitating teacher-centered collaborative and research-based learning activities in order to improve student learning.     

导学案在高中数学教学中的应用探究

高中数学教师在教学中应积极应用导学案,以提高数学课堂教学质量,提高学生的数学学习能力,为学生的终身学习打下基础。高中数学教师在应用导学案开展数学教学的过程中,应做到以下几点:预设问题、明确目标,将导学案与合作探究进行结合,结合导学案进行知识精讲,拓展知识、加强能力训练。     

初中数优生、数困生的数学学习投入研究

通过对208名初中数优生、数困生的问卷调查,考察两类初中生数学学习投入的特点及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）数困生的数学学习投入显著低于数优生;数优生与数困生的数学学习投入有不同的变化趋势：数优生的学习投入一直维持在较高水平,而数困生的学习投入随年级的升高在逐渐下降;数困生的情感投入水平比认知投入、行为投入更低;数学学习投入的性别差异不显著。（2）社会支持、数学观和数学自我效能感对数优生、数困生的数学学习投入均具有显著影响;社会支持对数学学习投入既具有直接影响,同时也具有间接影响;数学观和数学自我效能感在社会支持和数学学习投入之间起着中介作用。     

中学生数学信念系统与数学学习兴趣关系的研究

中学生数学信念系统包括数学信念、数学学习信念、数学教学信念、数学自我信念、学习环境信念,它们之间存在显著的相关性,且各信念与数学学习兴趣显著相关.高低分组数学信念系统的学生数学学习兴趣有显著性差异.数学自我信念、数学学习信念、数学信念与数学学习兴趣有显著的线性关系,且对数学学习兴趣的效应均极其显著,对数学学习兴趣的影响程度由大到小.     

Embedding diagnostic mechanisms in a digital game for learning mathematics

Mathematics is closely related to daily life, but it is also one of the lessons which often cause anxiety to primary school students. Digital game-based learning (DGBL) has been regarded as a sound learning strategy in raising learner willingness and interest in many disciplines. Thus, ways of designing a DGBL system to mitigate anxiety are well worth studying. This study adopts an Input–Process–Outcome DGBL model to develop a DGBL system with a diagnostic mechanism strategy for a primary school mathematics course. In addition to exploring the impact of different learning methods on learning performance, this study further analyzes the learning methods in terms of learner anxiety about mathematics, learning motivation and learning satisfaction from the perspective of Attention, Relevance, Confidence-building, and Satisfaction (ARCS) motivation theory. The diagnostic mechanism strategy demonstrates the advantages of the DGBL system for mathematics learning. During the learning process, the ARCS questionnaire revealed that students who engage in learning through the DGBL method are positively motivated. The findings of this study suggest that centering on the daily life experiences of learners, integrating a proper game model into mathematics learning and providing a diagnostic mechanism prompt can effectively enhance interest in learning mathematics and reduce anxiety. When anxiety is mitigated, both learning motivation and learning performance are enhanced.     

Motivational and affective determinants of self-regulatory strategy use in elementary school mathematics

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between elementary students’ reported use of self-regulatory strategies in mathematics and their motivational and affective determinants. Participants of the study were 344 fifth- and sixth-grade Greek students. Students were asked to complete self-reported measures regarding the strategies they use to self-regulate mathematics learning, their achievement goals in relation to mathematics, their self-efficacy concerning mathematics learning and achievement, the value they attribute to mathematics as a subject domain and their enjoyment of mathematics learning. Structural equation modelling confirmed a mediation model, that is, students’ mathematics self-efficacy, value beliefs about mathematics and enjoyment mediated the effects of achievement goals on reported strategy use. Results are discussed in terms of implications for elementary students’ self-regulated learning skills.     

A Conceptual Framework for Learning to Teach Secondary Mathematics: A Situative Perspective

This paper offers for discussion and critique a conceptual framework that applies a situative perspective on learning to the study of learning to teach mathematics. From this perspective, such learning occurs in many different situations -- mathematics and teacher preparation courses, pre-service field experiences, and schools of employment. By participating over time in these varied contexts, mathematics teachers refine their conceptions about their craft -- the big ideas of mathematics, mathematics-specific pedagogy, and sense of self as a mathematics teacher. This framework guides a research project that traces the learning trajectories of teachers from two reform-based teacher preparation programs into their early teaching careers. We provide two examples from this research to illustrate how this framework has helped us understand the process of learning to teach. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小学数学分层作业实施策略

分层教学对学生的数学启蒙具有十分重要的意义。教师要注重利用分层作业练习来巩固学生的基础知识,树立学生的学习自信,确保学生扎实牢固地掌握数学基本知识,在后期能够彻底爆发出自己内在的学习潜力,让学生在数学学习的过程中,体会到数学学习的乐趣,充分感受学习数学带来的成就感和满足感,促进学生数学综合学习能力的全面发展,为学生未来更加复杂的数学学习奠定稳固的基础。基于此,本文提出几点小学数学分层作业的实施策略,以供参考。     

Conceptualising Resources as a Theme for Teacher Education

In this report, I examine resources and their use in school mathematics. I do so from the perspective of mathematics teacher education and with a view to the practice of school mathematics. I argue that the effectiveness of resources for mathematical learning lies in their use, that is, in the classroom teaching and learning context. The argument pivots on the concepts of school mathematics as a hybrid practice and on the transparency of resources in use. These concepts are elaborated by examples of resource use within an in-service teacher education research project in South Africa. I propose that mathematics teacher education needs to focus more attention on resources, on what they are and how they work as an extension of the teacher in school mathematics practice. In so doing, the report provides a language with which mathematics teacher educators and mathematics teachers can investigate teachers' use of resources to support mathematical learning in particular and diverse contexts. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小学高年级数学的趣味性教学实践探究

小学数学相对于其他学科来说,学生学习起来具有一定的难度,很多学生在学习的过程中可能会因为对某些数学知识点不理解而对这门课程产生排斥感,而开展小学数学趣味性教学实践活动,不仅可以营造课堂学习的氛围,让学生可以在一个良好的环境下进行学习,而且还可以让学生切实地感受到学习数学知识的乐趣,让学生不再把学习数学知识当作一种负担。为此,教师应该重视趣味性教学,做好课堂教学的工作。     

A microworld-based role-playing game development approach to engaging students in interactive,enjoyable, and effective mathematics learning

In traditional teacher-centered mathematics instruction, students might show low learning motivation owing to the lack of applied contexts. Game-based learning has been recognized as a potential approach to addressing this issue; however, without proper alignment between the gaming and math-applied contexts, the benefits of game-based learning could be limited. Therefore, this study aims to develop a microworld-based educational game, which provides simulated contexts encouraging students to explore, discover, and solve practical problems using the mathematics knowledge gained in the class. A quasi-experimental design was implemented in the learning activity of the “Speedy World” unit in an elementary school mathematics course to examine the effectiveness of the proposed approach. A total of 107 sixth graders participated in the experiment. The experimental results showed that the students who learned with the microworld-based gaming approach had better learning achievement and motivation in the mathematics course than those who learned with the conventional technology-enhanced learning approach. In addition, the students also showed that they highly accepted the microworld-based game for learning mathematics. The findings of this study provide good evidence for the importance and necessity of associating authentic applied contexts with gaming contexts in developing computer educational games for mathematics.