论跨国公司对国际体系的影响

冷战后国际体系主要呈现两个显著特征:其一,体系内以美国为首的西方势力大为扩展;其二,全球化的进程日益加快。跨国公司自20世纪60年代以来的迅猛发展,对国际体系造成越来越大的影响。这些影响是通过对以上国际体系的两个特征从而对国际体系施加影响的。跨国公司不是改变国际体系的力量,而是成为塑造国际体系的基本动力之一。跨国公司通过跨国经营活动,加速了资本主义体系在全球的扩展。     

大众传媒：汉语国际传播的有效途径

大众传媒是人们获得信息的主要渠道。是社会文化和娱乐的提供者。电影、电视、网络等都属于大众传播媒体。它们以其独特的媒介特性吸引和影响着广大的受众。借鉴发达国家通过电视、电影及网络等大众传媒传播其语言和文化信息来增强国家实力和提高国际形象的做法对汉语语言文化的国际传播具有重要的实践指导意义。     

Inclusion Practices in Elementary Physical Education: A Social-cognitive Perspective

This study explored inclusion practices in general physical education (GPE) from the experiences and perspectives of elementary physical education teachers. The stories of four teachers (two females, two males) between 27 and 57 years of age were gathered using the phenomenological methods of semi-structured interviews, photographs, school documents, and field notes. Bandura’s social-cognitive theory provided a conceptual framework to interpret the findings of this inquiry. Three themes emerged from the thematic analysis: engaging in learning; adapting strategies to meet students’ needs; and moving beyond the educational goals. The findings suggest that inclusion practices (teacher’s behaviours) in GPE were constructed by the dynamic interactions between teachers’ knowledge of disability and motivation to learn about their students (personal factors) and children’s needs and learning goals (environment).     

Challenging Performative Fabrication: Seeking authenticity in academic development practice

While extensive discussion has been devoted to internationalising the curriculum in a response to the presence of international students, little is known about how academic staff members perceive the presence of this student cohort. Using data collected through semi‐structured interviews with 80 academic staff from four different faculties in one higher education institution, this study investigates staff understanding regarding international students, with particular attention given to how disciplinary differences shape their responses. Findings indicate that staff from ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ disciplines hold different instructional beliefs, which then affect their teaching and learning practice. Discussions are provided on how these differing conceptions of teaching fit into the context of academic development with respect to international education.     

对我国软实力建设的几点思考

软实力一词已成为学术界热议的核心词汇,它也成为冷战后各国积极发展的主要领域。随着中国综合国力的提升以及和平发展战略的提出,其软实力建设也越来越引起国际社会的关注。然而,中国融入国际体系较晚,软实力的发展刚刚起步,诸如对传统文化的弘扬、对国际责任的界定等各类问题还较多,需要进一步的梳理研究。本文试图将约瑟夫.奈的软实力理论和国内外最新研究成果与全球化背景下中国软实力发展现状相结合,通过国际战略目标的构建、国际形象的维护和综合国力的不断提升等方面来思考软实力发展的动力支撑,为中国更好地在国际社会发挥作用提供实践思考。     

Challenges to Brand Australia: international students and the problem with speaking

Although communication skills in English are important for both their career prospects and the success of their overall study experience, many international students find their spoken English a barrier to employment after graduation. In this paper, we draw on longitudinal interview data from international postgraduates to investigate the individual and social factors that impacted on the development of their speaking skills as they studied in Australia. Our findings suggest that, despite high levels of motivation to improve, they received little instruction in such skills on their English for Academic Purposes programs and had little access to them in the community. We argue that for compelling moral as well as economic reasons universities urgently need to address these issues through both instruction and social integration initiatives if they are to safeguard their lucrative but vulnerable overseas markets.     

Transformations of Chinese international students understood through a sense of wholeness

This study aims to explore Chinese international students' academic and personal transformation under the influences of formal education in schools and informal education outside of the classroom. A qualitative inquiry using in-depth, semi-structured interviews was employed with eight senior undergraduate Chinese international students attending Canadian universities. The results of the interviews showed that Chinese international students are actively shaping themselves through the process of transitions. The transformation occurring within each individual is multi-faceted, and their re-adapted learning skills largely overlap with their reshaped attitudes. Moreover, their changed sense of self intertwines with changes in their thinking. These transformations are also evident in the assertion of their agency which empowers and helps them through challenges during periods of adjustment. This study also shows that the retrospection, self-determination and commitment to taking action enable Chinese international students to continue to pursue their goals and dreams.     

International experience,universities support and graduate employability – perceptions of Chinese international students studying in UK universities

Recent policy developments in English Higher Education have resulted in employability placed in the spotlight, whereby the success of universities will be measured based on graduate employment. This represents the latest focus placed on employability in the sector, as universities are increasingly expected to provide employment-ready graduates to meet the demands of a global economy. In response universities have invested considerable energy into initiatives and services to enhance the employability outcomes of graduates. However, institutions have largely been UK-centric on their focus, with limited attention paid to the employability needs of international students. In this paper, we report the outcomes of a study centred on the largest group of non-EU domiciled international students in the UK, those from Mainland China. Drawing on survey data we examine Mainland Chinese students’ attitudes to their employability and the support they engage with through their UK University. We pay specific attention to the opportunities presented through the ‘international’ nature of the HE experience, and consider how these are utilised by both the students, and their institutions, to develop their future employability. We conclude by proposing recommendations for universities and institutions to enhance the support offered to this often overlooked, but significant group of students.     

论主权与国际合作

从本质上说，主权国家与国际合作是国际社会形成与发展的最重要因素。就两者的关系而言：尊重主权是开展真正意义上的国际合作的前提；主权的干预是国际合作中自身利益的可靠保障；同时，国际合作必然对主权进行一定程度的限制，但这也是主权自身作用的结果；国际合作既是主权国家的法律权利，也是其法律义务。然而，在国际合作中，我们既要反对个别国家借此干预别国内政，又要注重维护本国的主权安全。国际社会应坚持开展以平等主权为基础的国际合作。     

论国际共运史研究中的“国际”视角

在国际共运史学科受到冷落的时代,研究者必须冲破狭隘的研究视野,拓展共运史的研究视野。＂国际＂的视角和方法就是在共运史研究中非常值得重新审视的一种视角和方法。对这一视角和方法的重新审视可以帮助我们更清楚地理解和认识苏联问题,也可以为我们揭示以往国际共运史研究中存在的狭隘性问题。     

International students using online information resources to learn: complex experience and learning needs

This paper reports the findings of a qualitative study that investigated 25 international students’ use of online information resources for study purposes at two Australian universities. Using an expanded critical incident approach, the study viewed international students through an information literacy lens, as information-using learners. The findings are presented in two complementary parts: as a word picture that describes their whole experience of using online information resources to learn; and as a tabulated set of critical findings that summarises their associated information literacy learning needs. The word picture shows international students’ resource use as a complex interplay of eight interrelated elements: students; information-learning environment; interactions (with online resources); strengths-challenges; learning-help; affective responses; reflective responses; and cultural-linguistic dimensions. In using online resources, the international students experience an array of strengths and challenges, and an apparent information literacy imbalance between their more developed information skills and less-developed critical information use. The critical findings about information literacy needs provide a framework for developing an inclusive informed learning approach that responds to international students’ complex information using experiences and needs. While the study is situated in Australia, the findings are of potential interest to educators, information professionals and researchers worldwide who seek to support learning in culturally diverse higher education contexts.     

留学生汉语学习情境需求视角下的动机削弱研究

文章依据语言学习动机理论,从留学生汉语学习情境需求的角度,通过问卷调查和访谈的方式,对当前留学生汉语学习动机的影响情况进行研究。结果表明:留学生的汉语学习情境需求总体上具有多样化和个性化的特点,呈分散态势分布;实践中的对外汉语教学没有充分体现和切实满足留学生的汉语学习情境需求,难以激发和保持留学生的汉语学习动机和兴趣。文章就提高留学生学习动机的途径提出了建议。     

Realigning capital portfolios: international students' educational experiences in higher education

This paper reports on first year experiences of international students who use English as an additional language (EAL) in higher education in Australia. It examines how valued resources can foster a positive educational experience of these students from sociological perspectives. It draws data from an interview study, exploring narrative accounts of 17 EAL international students from nine countries about their educational relations and strategies across their first year of study. Their narratives were analysed through Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus, capital and legitimation, as well as tools of narrative inquiry. The paper finds that the students took up strategies to realign their capital portfolios with new rules of the game. Their decisions were dependent on their personal trajectories and conditions on offer. This paper suggests that more effort needs to be made to understand international students' differentiated access to valued resources in higher education.     

浅论国际法效力的主要影响因素

国际法作为规范国家间交往的行为准则，与国内法相比在效力上有其自身的特点。影响国际法效力的因素很多，但主要体现在国际政治关系、国际经济状况和公共利益等几个方面。无论从历史还是从现实考察，要使国际法的效力得以真正发挥，必须坚决反对霸权主义和强权政治，根除不合理的国际政治经济旧秩序。     

来华长期进修留学生综合课教材需求分析

通过问卷调查,对来华长期进修留学生在综合课教材方面的需求进行实证研究,发现留学生对长度在500-1000字的课文能够接受,希望每课生词量控制在20—50之间,希望教材的词和语法在生活中常常可以使用,并且最钟爱历史传说类话题。     

China’s international student recruitment as ‘outward-oriented’ higher education internationalisation: an exploratory empirical inquiry

This study investigates China’s international student recruitment strategy and policies as a dimension of its present approach of using higher education internationalisation for soft power and image enhancement. An exploratory survey of international graduate students in English instruction programmes in education-related majors in three Chinese universities has been conducted to analyse their attitudes towards China’s approach. Quantitative analysis has been conducted on the survey data based on Holmes’s four-pattern taxonomy for analysing contextual features, which includes normative patterns, sociological laws, national conditions, and deep cultural roots. Qualitative data have been collected and analysed as a supplement. This study attempts to reveal the relations between international students’ source-country contextual features, identified based on Holmes’s taxonomy, and their attitudes towards China’s approach in international student recruitment. Policy suggestions are provided based on these findings.     

Shifting sands: a resilient Asian teacher's identity work in Australia

Many TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) programmes focus on providing professional knowledge to Asian teachers who are pursuing their degrees in English-speaking countries. However, not much attention is given to their expectations, personal lived experiences and identity construction while studying in these countries. These aspects are important in their development as users and teachers of English. This article explores these aspects through interviews and email correspondence with Thinh, a highly accomplished TESOL professional who pursued a Master of TESOL degree as an international student in Australia. Findings suggest that when she was in Australia, she displayed strong agency as she changed some aspects of her identity in order to adapt to studying and living in the country. Nevertheless, there is also continuity in her identity construction, as she maintained other aspects of the identity that she brought from her home country. Her identity construction is best seen in the context of her investment in her career in her home country. As a resilient individual, Thinh demonstrates how she manages her process of identity construction through her reflections and strategic thinking. The findings of this study suggest the need for TESOL programmes to actively connect international students' lived experiences outside class to their pursuit of professional knowledge.     

国际组织与美国的理想主义和现实主义

理想主义和现实主义构成美国外交政策的基础。本着通过国际组织建立国际新秩序的共同愿望,理想主义和现实主义统一,美国成为推动国际组织发展的主要力量;遵循理想主义原则独立发展的国际组织与在现实主义需求下要主导国际组织的美国之间的矛盾,使美国在国际组织陷入困境。这种困境也是国际组织进一步发展的制约因素。     

Perceptions of pre-service teachers on mentor teachers’ roles in promoting inclusive practicum: case studies in U.S. elementary school contexts

This case study examines a Chinese and Korean-Chinese pre-service teachers’ perceptions of their mentor teachers’ role in supporting inclusive practicum experiences in USA elementary school contexts. The findings demonstrate that a mentor teacher’s open conversations and willingness to host those students bring positive influence on their learning and growth. The findings also indicate that the facilitative roles of mentor teachers in the promotion of inclusive environments are intersected with the socio-cultural and political contexts of practicum schools and universities. The study concludes with implications for enhancing the inclusion of diverse pre-service teachers through collaborative roles of multiple practicum stakeholders, including pre-service teachers, mentor teachers, practicum schools, and universities.     

Students as global citizens: strategies for mobilizing studies abroad

Universities globally are increasingly seeking to improve the international mobility of their students. There are several latent benefits that accrue to a university whose students and staff actively participate in international exchange programs. Essentially this can lead to an increase in the university's international reputation, opportunities for benchmarking against best practices, capacity to develop international relationships, diversity of student population with all the benefits that accrue from diversity, and access to potential recruitment markets. In this paper we review extant literature to elicit the range of practical factors that play a role in the decision of students to study abroad. We also discuss results from a recent survey among Australian students that revealed their preferences for international work placements.