两跨连续箱梁桥模态实桥试验分析

对某两跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥进行现场振动试验,通过对实测数据分析处理得到该桥固有频率、阻尼比及模态振型,并将试验模态分析结果与有限元分析进行对比。结果表明,实测振型与分析振型符合较好,实测频率略大于分析频率,说明该桥的刚度略高于设计值。     

三等跨曲线连续梁模态分析试验

为了得到三等跨曲线连续梁(曲梁)的固有频率和振型,利用Midas有限元分析软件计算了曲梁的固有频率和振型,并对其进行了振动试验。试验结果采用DASP模态分析软件处理,得到曲梁的前3阶频率及振型,将试验结果与计算结果进行对比,证实振型变化的真实性,并对其冲击系数的取值进行了探讨。结果表明:曲梁前3阶频率的相对误差均不超过4%,振型基本吻合;曲梁的有限元计算频率均小于试验实测频率,且曲梁的前3阶频率均小于等跨直梁,刚度是影响同等跨径直梁和曲梁自振频率不同的主要因素。     

五等跨连续梁模态分析试验及冲击系数

分析计算五等跨连续梁的固有频率和振型,探讨连续梁桥冲击系数与其固有频率和振型的关系,并进行了连续梁振动试验,试验模型采用槽型梁,支撑方式采用钢锟轴支撑,试验结果运用DASP模态分析软件进行处理,得到五等跨连续梁的前5阶振型及频率。利用Midas有限元分析软件对连续梁进行有限元分析,将其计算结果与试验结果进行对比,证实振型变化的真实性。经过试验分析,连续梁的前5阶振型最大曲率位置被确定,结合规范讨论计算冲击系数时结构固有频率的选取。结果表明:当计算跨中正弯矩效应时,冲击系数宜按照《桥规》采用基频计算;当计算中支座负弯矩效应时,冲击系数应采用第3阶频率。     

大跨径悬索桥动载试验研究

为检验在役大跨径悬索桥结构的动力性能,对主跨128 m地锚式悬索桥进行动力试验.测试其自振频率、振型和阻尼比;激振试验中,测试桥跨结构在汽车以不同速度通过桥跨和在桥上特定位置跳车时桥跨结构的动应变、动位移、振幅以及加速度等动力响应,计算得出冲击系数.并将实测结果与有限元结果进行对比分析.结果表明,该悬索桥具有较好的竖向刚度、横向刚度;汽车在桥上运行时对桥跨结构有一定的冲击作用但并不明显,有障碍行车舒适度较差.     

在役混凝土拱桥承载能力的鉴定与评估

为检验在役混凝土拱桥的承载能力与动力特性,对某净跨为134.7m的拱桥进行荷载试验。测试结构静态的应变、桥面挠度、拱肋挠度、吊索变形、吊索索力等结构静力反应。同时,测试了结构自振频率、动挠度及加速度等结构动力反应,根据动挠度计算得出冲击系数。将实测值与理论值进行对比分析。结果表明,应变校验系数在0.7～1.0之间,实测的挠度、吊索索力、频率及冲击系数均小于理论值,说明桥梁具有较好承载力和整体竖向刚度较好。试验方法与分析结果为今后评估与鉴定同类型桥梁提供理论依据和技术参考。     

基于静动载试验的中承式钢混系杆拱桥承载力评估

为了桥梁的安全性,给桥梁养护提供可靠数据支持,通过静动载试验和有限元数值模拟分析评定了某中承式系杆拱桥的承载能力、静力特性和动力特性。在静载试验中,测量了不同工况下桥梁的位移和内力,包括挠度校验系数、应力校验系数和残余应变等。在动载试验中,测定桥梁的振动频率和车辆冲击系数。并将具体工程实测数据与模拟数据进行比较和分析。静载试验结果显示,在试验荷载下,桥梁的挠度校验系数为0.51～0.67,应力校验系数为0.50～0.62,最大相对残余应变为19.5%。动载试验结果显示,桥梁的一阶自振频率为0.830 Hz,最大冲击系数μ为0.045。与有限元分析结果相比较和分析后,实测数据与数值模拟结果较为吻合。综合静动载试验和有限元数值模拟分析,得出结论：某中承式系杆拱桥的强度和刚度满足设计要求,在试验荷载作用下变形恢复能力较好,具备良好的振动特性。这些结果为桥梁的安全运营和养护提供了可靠的数据支持。     

不同跨径组合的三跨连续梁的模态分析试验

分析计算三跨等截面等跨连续梁的固有频率和振型,探讨不同跨径组合三跨连续梁振型的区别,并讨论冲击系数的取值。用Midas有限元软件进行分析计算,采用槽型梁作为连续梁模型,以钢辊轴作为支承,为并用DASP模态分析设备对试验模型进行模态分析,得到不同跨径组合下连续梁的前三阶频率及其振型,并将试验结果与Midas计算结果进行对比,证实振型变化的真实性。结果表明,第二、三阶振型随着跨径组合的变化会出现转折,支座处振型的曲率发生变化;考虑跨中支座正弯矩效应时,冲击系数按照《桥规》采用基频计算;考虑中支座负弯矩效应时,冲击系数应采用第二或第三阶频率计算。     

四不等跨连续梁振动试验分析及冲击系数探讨

分别讨论并比较在不同跨径比下的连续梁的固有频率及振型的变化规律和异同点。试验梁采用槽型梁,除了对模型进行固有振动分析和理论计算外,还采用有限元软件分别对各个跨径比下的试验模型进行有限元计算分析和计算。以有限元的计算结果作为参考,同传统检测试验得到的结果进行对比分析,论证振型变化规律的真实性。结果表明:对于不同跨径的对称四跨连续梁,支座对称移动时,前3阶振型始终对于中支座是对称或者反对称的,并且中支座在2阶振型中首先出现反弯点。当计算跨中正弯矩效应时,冲击系数按照《桥规》采用基频计算;当计算中支座负弯矩效应时,冲击系数应采用第2阶频率进行计算。     

预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥静载试验分析与研究

为研究预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥的承载能力及实际工作状况,通过实际桥梁的静载试验,测得桥梁在各个工况下控制截面的应变、挠度随荷载增加能保持良好的线性关系,并判断实测残余变形与实测总变形比值小于0.2,同时采用桥梁专用有限元计算分析软件MIDAS/Civil建立试验跨模型,与静载试验实测数据进行对比分析,得到桥梁的应变校验系数和挠度校验系数,综合判断桥梁的承载能力能满足要求。     

两等跨曲线连续梁模态试验及有限元分析

为了得到曲线连续梁的固有频率和振型,以便为桥梁检测提供校核依据;有机地结合了有限元模态分析方法和试验模态分析方法,对某两等跨曲线连续梁进行了模态分析,得到曲梁的前4阶频率及振型,并将试验结果与有限元计算结果进行对比。结果表明:除去一阶频率误差较大外,第2~4阶相对误差均小于4%,振型基本吻合;一阶固有频率受扭转影响较大,第2~4阶频率受扭转影响依次减小;曲梁前4阶频率均小于等跨直梁。     

基于现场试验的新型斜拉——梁拱组合体系桥梁力学性能评估

为了研究新型斜拉-梁拱组合体系桥梁的力学性能,以跨越宜兴大溪河的荆宜大桥为对象,对现场静、动载作用下结构的实测反应与相应的数值计算结果进行了对比分析研究.首先,给出了试验方案、任务、相应的测试方法及引用的相关规范;然后分别建立了三维Ansys实体模型和三维Midas杆系模型;最后,对比分析了模型计算结果与试验测试结果,...     

Optimum design of large span concrete filled steel tubular arch bridge based on static,stability and modal analysis

A three-dimensional finite element model was established for a large span concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridge which is currently under construction. The arch rib, the spandrel columns, the prestressed concrete box-beam, the cast-in-situ concrete plate of bridge deck, the steel box-beam and the crossbeams connecting the two pieces of arch ribs, were modeled by three-dimensional Timoshenko beam elements (3DTBE). The suspenders were modeled by three-dimensional cable elements (3DCE). Both geometric nonlinearity and prestress effect could be included in each kind of element. At the same time a second finite element model with the same geometric and material properties excepted for the sectional dimension of arch rib was set up. Static dynamic analyses were performed to determine the corresponding characteristics of the structure. The results showed that the arch rib's axial rigidity could be determined by static analysis. The stability and vibration of this system could be separated into in-plane modes, out-of-plane modes and coupled modes. The in-plane stability and dynamic characteristics are determined by the arch rib's vertical stiffness and that of out-of-plane is determined by the crossbeams' stiffness and arch rib's lateral stiffness mainly. The in-plane stiffness is much greater than that of out-of-plane for this kind of bridge . The effect of geometric nonlinearity and prestress effect on bridge behavior is insignificant.     

基于边界摩擦的碟簧隔振器力学性能(英文)

为研究边界摩擦对碟簧隔振器力学性能的影响,基于能量守恒定律推导了在考虑边界摩擦时碟簧隔振器的载荷位移迟滞曲线公式.通过有限元分析与静载试验验证了该公式的正确性.在此基础上研究了边界摩擦对碟簧隔振器承载能力的影响,并通过动载试验研究了边界摩擦对碟簧隔振器的动态性能的影响.试验结果表明:边界摩擦可提供较大的阻尼,使得碟簧隔振器具有良好的阻尼特性,其阻尼比可达0.23;隔振器的耗能、动刚度和阻尼特性对加载幅值更为敏感,而对加载频率敏感度较小.该研究成果对碟簧隔振器设计具有重要的指导意义.     

薄壁高墩刚构桥的动力特性分析

以一座薄壁高墩刚构桥为研究对象,根据其墩高及薄壁的特点,运用通用有限元软件ANSYS对其建立三维有限元动力计算模型,对该桥最大悬臂施工阶段和成桥阶段的动力特性进行计算分析,获得了大桥的自振频率和振型,为该类桥梁的抗风、抗震设计研究提供了分析的基础.     

Three-dimensional elasto-plastic finite element analysis of a soil-pile-bridge interaction

The soil-pile-bridge interaction of super-large pile groups is a very complex issue for the design of deep pile group foundations. In this paper, the load distribution on the pile top of a super large bridge foundation and its influential factors are analyzed comprehensively using a three-dimensional elasto-plastic finite element method. The adopted model and its input parameters are firstly verified by comparing the numerical results with the measured data of static loading tests of a single pile. Numerical analysis is then performed to investigate the load distribution and the load-settlement characteristics of super-large pile groups, and the models are verified using centrifuge laboratory model testing data. The mechanism of the interaction between pile groups and soil under different conditions is explored.     

单钩桥式起重机主梁设计

介绍了桥式起重机主梁设计的计算方法及校核过程。应用有限元软件建立主梁三维模型,并针对主梁进行了静力学分析。为保障主梁结构的可靠性,将主梁与端梁装配成桥架,建立了桥架整体模型,并进行了静态分析和模态分析,在确认桥架设计合理的基础上提出了改进方案。     

Theoretical and experimental study on shear lag effect of partially cable-stayed bridge

INTRODUCTION The Lanzhou Xiaoxihu Yellow River Bridge is one of few partially cable-stayed bridges. It is con-sidered a partially cable-stayed bridge because beams are under both axial loads and flexure loads. The cables are arranged in semi-fan configuration in a single plane so that they can be easily anchored to the tower. The cable-stayed portion is a 136 m center span with two 81.2 m side spans. The width of box girder’s top flange is 27.5 m, and the bottom flange’s width is 15.…     

曲线箱梁桥均匀温度变化效应分析

温度荷载的作用是造成曲线箱梁桥工程问题的主要原因之一。文章运用曲线梁桥的微分方程,详细分析了混凝土曲线箱梁在均匀温度荷载作用下的效应,推导出了单跨曲线箱梁在径向受到约束时受均匀温度荷载作用产生的支反力及内力计算公式,并利用公式及有限元软件进行实例计算,验证了公式的准确性,得出了曲线箱梁桥在均匀温度荷载作用下,径向反力的大小与桥梁半径的二次方呈反比例关系,与桥梁的刚度、轴线圆心角呈正比例关系,即桥梁的半径越小,桥梁越宽,圆心角越大,桥梁的径向反力越大的结论,为解决曲线箱梁在均匀温度荷载作用下的工程问题提供理论支持。     

Calculation method of ship collision force on bridge using artificial neural network

Ship collision on bridge is a dynamic process featured by high nonlinearity and instantaneity. Calculating ship-bridge collision force typically involves either the use of design-specification-stipulated equivalent static load, or the use of finite element method （FEM） which is more time-consuming and requires supercomputing resources. In this paper, we proposed an alternative approach that combines FEM with artificial neural network （ANN）. The radial basis function neural network （RBFNN） employed for calculating the impact force in consideration of ship-bridge collision mechanics. With ship velocity and mass as the input vectors and ship collision force as the output vector, the neural networks for different network parameters are trained by the learning samples obtained from finite element simulation results. The error analyses of the learning and testing samples show that the proposed RBFNN is accurate enough to calculate ship-bridge collision force. The input-output relationship obtained by the RBFNN is essentially consistent with the typical empirical formulae. Finally, a special toolbox is developed for calculation effi- ciency in application using MATLAB software.