Distance higher education for women in Saudi Arabia: Present and proposed

This paper describes the recent history of distance higher education in Saudi Arabia with particular reference to the education of women. It compares the contribution to external study for women of the General Presidency of Girls' Education (GPGE) with the introduction of intisab (a system which allows individuals to pursue higher education without attending lectures) in three universities founded for men. It records the growing numbers of women wishing to enter higher education and the withdrawal of intisab from two universities in Riyadh. It identifies the limitations placed on women's higher education as compared with men's and notes the generally conservative attitudes to the role of women found in Saudi Arabia. It oudines discussions over the last 15 years, concerning an Arab open university, which have yet to result in action. Finally, it reports a recent survey which reveals strong support for an open university for women in Saudi Arabia. Such an institution would gready increase access for women to higher education while, at the same time, be compatible with Islamic custom concerning the segregation of the sexes and a woman's primary role as wife and mother.     

沙特实现民主政治的可能性与渐进性

位于阿拉伯半岛的沙特王国,石油美元使得其经济飞速发展,但其政治上却仍然是家族统治的君主体制,随着民主化浪潮的发展,美国“大中东计划”的出台,其政治体制暴露出弊端,民主呼声日渐高涨,自身为适应民主化作出改革和探索,使得其实现民主政治具有了可能性。由于其伊斯兰特性,受传统价值观念的影响,从长远来看,沙特的民主政治不可能一蹴而就,具有渐进性。     

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: teaching resources and the role of faculties of education in educational development

Dr Rasheed provides an overview of school provision in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and identifies the main problems of teacher provision. These are seen as a continuing shortage of adequately qualified Saudi teachers and a consequent over‐reliance on expatriates. He then goes on to consider the function and role of teacher training in the development of the national system of education.     

From barriers to bridges: An investigation on Saudi student mobility (2006–2009)

Globalisation is often thought to advocate for a single set of beliefs and customs and for a rejection of the need to protect regional cultures and traditions. In the aftermath of 9/11, the rift between Western and Arab cultures has deepened, and there is a patent need for cultural bridges to be built. The government of Saudi Arabia has, by increasing funding for higher education through grants and scholarships, enabled Saudi students to study at overseas universities. A number of non-Saudi students are also enrolled at Saudi Arabian universities. After a brief introduction to the cultural and educational history of the Arab region and Saudi identity, this article turns to contemporary higher education in Saudi Arabia. It introduces the King Abdullah Scholarship Programme and then goes on to present detailed enrolment data for 2006–2009, demonstrating trends and policy changes and identifying patterns in student mobility.     

国外终身学习体系建设对我国的启示

文章分析了国内终身学习体系建设的现状与面临的问题,介绍了国外发达国家终身学习体系建设的经验,并以日本、美国、欧盟等为例,阐述了建立终身学习体系的成功做法,探讨了其对我国建设终身学习体系的启示。     

浅谈瓦哈比教与现代沙特王国政权的互动

当今沙特王国的政权很有特色,也为世人所瞩目。它无论是建立还是建设过程都与其所信奉的宗教有密切的联系。现代沙特以瓦哈比教立国,而瓦哈比教又以现代沙特王国为其生存保障。瓦哈比教规范了现代沙特社会的外在特征,为现代沙特王国的稳定提供了保障。面对今天沙特王国的社会变革,瓦哈比教欲在现代化的社会中继续生存、发展,必须适时的调整,接受现代意识。     

Female Education in Saudi Arabia and the Reproduction of Gender Division

This paper explains the reproduction of gender divisions and power relations through education in a traditional Islamic country, Saudi Arabia. That country has drawn both upon Islam and its oil wealth to expand female education vastly within traditional boundaries. Its model of female education is unique among all Islamic countries, in its structure and strategies for the reproduction of gender divisions through (1) a dual system of male and female education; (2) a gender‐specific educational policy that emphasizes women's domestic function; (3) gender‐segregated schools and colleges; and (4) curriculum differentiation at the various educational levels. The author maintains that Saudi education, a microcosm of Saudi Arabian society, has intentionally instituted these mechanisms and structures as a means of cultural conservation and social control. The Saudi experience proves previous research findings that female educational expansion does indeed increase women's social and occupational options, but does not necessarily alter gender and power relations.     

形式化B方法数学基础的实例研究

对免疫系统中的体液免疫用数学方程来表示抗体产生的规律,再用形式化B方法的抽象机来描述这一方程,所得结论与生物学体液免疫的一般规律相符．     

城市社区就业的定位取向及其政策意涵探析

＂社区就业＂概念与政策是中国就业政策框架与就业服务体系的重要组成部分和伟大创造,具有特别重要的现实、理论与政策意义。通过归纳分析我国城市社区就业概念的四种定位取向,简要指出了社区就业政策的主要特征,阐明了其政策意涵。     

A Proposed System for Academic Advising in King Abdul-Aziz University,Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)

Academic advising, which plays a crucial role in higher education, is often ignored and not given its due importance. This paper is an attempt to make up for this attitude. It proposes a complete system for academic advising taking into account its' multifarious aspects. In the process, the paper draws heavily on the author's experience of organising academic advising in the College of Engineering, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.     

Educational assessment in England

This profile explains the assessment system in England, concentrating on those aspects that are related to government policy. It begins by putting the system in context; it then describes the national educational structure, curriculum and assessment arrangements. The government agencies responsible for carrying out education policies are introduced. In order to illustrate the intersection of curriculum and assessment development and political policy, the profile describes and discusses assessment issues that highlight the role of government and its agencies in the development, implementation and monitoring of England's national curriculum tests and 14‐to‐19 qualifications. It argues that successive governments have increasingly intervened directly in curriculum and qualifications development, and observes the growing governmental policy influence over assessment issues and the repercussions of that influence.     

儿童剧与幼儿认知发展

本文以儿童发展的视角,首先阐述了儿童剧教育活动的由来;其次,依据多种发展心理学理论,分析了儿童剧在幼儿心智发展中的重要作用;再次,讨论了儿童剧在不同年龄段所产生的不同作用,指出这种特殊的教育活动对于幼儿认知发展的教育价值尤为重要。针对儿童剧的特点,文章进一步阐述了儿童剧对儿童心智发展及关键经验获得的作用机制,并以莺莺艺术幼儿园多年儿童剧探索的案例,说明了如何在幼儿园进行儿童剧教育活动的实践。     

Students' evaluation of teaching in a Saudi Arabian university

Evaluation of teaching effectiveness by different sources is a well established practice. It is generally carried out in the form of student evaluation using rating scales. This article describes one such system designed for the College of Engineering at King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It describes the operation of the system in detail, including a rating scale questionnaire about both teacher and course. The author proposes a method of analysing the responses so as to make them effective for feedback. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of this proposed method of analysis, he presents a sample analysis of a two-semester period involving eight teachers, six courses (multi-section), and 16 responses. The results show that:
1 The average response for the same teacher from different courses was fairly consistent.
2 A norm can be developed to compare the average responses for different teachers.
3 There was a good correlation between the average rating of a teacher and the percentage of students wanting to take another course with him.
4 The students' responses about the content of a multi-section course were fairly consistent from different sections of that course.
5 The overall ratings of different courses were compared with each other, and showed good consistency with the nature of the courses.
Since the results were based on a two-semester period, a semester-to-semester comparison of either the teacher ratings or course ratings could not be made, but as more data is gathered this may become possible in future.     

新集镇方言语音初探

安徽五河方言属于中原官话信蚌片,县内方言又分为三个子片区。分析浍南片区新集镇方言的音系情况,概括其声韵调的特点,并配以声韵拼合表,指出新集镇方言与五河县方言的差异性,为五河方言进一步研究提供材料支持。     

Theorising the take-up of ICT: can Valsiner’s three zones framework make a contribution?

This article explores the contribution of theory to understanding the take-up of information and communications technology (ICT) and, in particular, it describes how Valsiner’s three zones framework came to be used in a study of lecturers in Saudi higher education institutions. The article describes the value of theory and, in the process, illustrates some of the approaches taken in the literature on teachers’ use of ICT. The challenges faced in theorising are also covered. The article then goes on to give the background to a study of ICT use among university lecturers before moving to a discussion of methodology and presentation of key findings. Next, attention shifts to explaining key aspects of Valsiner’s zones framework and showing how this framework was applied to explain the modest but differentiated use of ICT across eight institutions. Finally, the article discusses the strengths and limitations of the zones framework and highlights some of the wider challenges which theorisation poses.     

新加坡小学课程发展历程、特点及未来走向

新加坡自建国以来建立了适应本国多元文化并存国情的小学课程体系和考试制度，并随时代的发展作出相应的改革。文章展现了其具体课程发展历程和考试制度的变革，并归纳总结了其特点和未来发展趋向。     

加强高校机关效能建设问题的思考

本文阐释了机关效能建设的含义和加强高校机关效能建设的现实意义,并从当前高校机关效能建设存在的一些亟待解决的问题人手,着重从思想认识、作风建设、人员配置、制度体制不健全等几个方面具体阐述了问题产生的原因,提出要通过加强学习提升能力、改进工作态度、促进信息流转、完善制度建设等措施来推进高校机关效能建设。     

大学教学发展中心的效益评估——以密歇根大学学习与教学研究中心为例

评估大学教学发展中心的工作效果有助于高等教育质量的改善。本文首先对教师发展工作的相关研究做了文献述评,随后介绍了密歇根大学学习与教学研究中心开发的项目综合评估模型,并结合具体的项目与服务案例展示了该中心如何记录并评估教师的教学发展工作以及如何借助这些评估结果来改善自身实践。文章最后为中国大学教学中心的建设提供了一些建议。     

湘西古丈县“客话”的音韵特点与性质

湘西古丈县语言复杂“,客话”是该县的通用交际语。通过对古丈县“客话”的声韵调系统及其主要音韵特点的描写和归纳,指出其兼具西南官话和湘语的特征,目前,把它归为一种过渡型的方言是比较合适的。