Major S&T Issues Deserve Higher Priority in Strategic Planning

<正>The central authorities place great importance on the role of science and technology as the primary productive force and attach strategic priority to ST innovation.Since2002,when the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China convened,the government has set the strategic objective of building China into an innovationoriented nation,implemented the Outline of the National Program for Long and Medium-Term ST Development(2006-2020),and greatly increased ST investment.In order to strategically deploy ST resources in priority areas or research directions,the government launched programs such as the National Science Foundation of China,the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program),the National Basic Research Program(973 Program),the National Key Technology RD Program,National Major Science and Technology Projects,the Knowledge Innovation Program,and the Technology Innovation Program.Furthermore,the     

Major Breakthroughs Expected in Independent R＆D of Basic Hardware and Software Platforms

<正>1.Independently developed hardware and software platforms are of great significance to China In February 2006,the State Council issued the National Guideline on Medium-and Long-Term Program for Science and Technology Development(2006-2020),in which"core electronic devices,high-end universal chips and basic software"(i.e.basic software/hardware platforms)are included in the 16 major special programs[1].Following that move,the Ministry of Science and Technology set out the 12th Five-Year Plan for Science and Technology Development,calling for the independent research and     

Regulations for CAS Visiting Professorships for Senior International Scientists

Article I These regulations are made in accordance with the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS） ＂Package Program for Talent Training ＆ Recruitment＂ and ＂Guidelines of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for the Implementation of the Program for Attracting Overseas Scientists and Experts and Cultivating Talent through International Exchange＂, to guide the implementation of the ＂CAS Visiting Professorships for Senior International Scientists＂ （hereinafter referred to as the ＂Visiting Professorships Program＂）.     

Towards world-class science and innovation system——on culture of excellence and integrity,mentoring and collaboration

<正>he year 2014 may prove to be a major turning point in China’s development of world-class science and innovation system.At the mid-term juncture of China’s Medium-and Long-Term Program(MLP)for Science and Technology(ST)development,the Ministry of Science and Technology conducted a comprehensive review and assessment     

China's top 10 events in basic research in 2007

Under the joint auspices of the Ministry of Sciences & Technology(MOST)and China Association for Science & Technology, more than 1,600 Chinese scholars including CAS and CAE members,chief scientists of the National Basic Research Program(dubbed 973 Program)and directors     

Progress in Aridification Studies

Anational key project en- titled “Predictivestudyof aridification in northern China in association with life-sup- porting environment changes” has recently passed the appraisal of a panel organized by the Ministry of Science & Technology in Beijing. Under the support of the Na- tional Basic Research Program (dubbed973 Program),the five-year research project was jointly led by Prof. Fu Congbin from the CAS In- stitute of Atmospheric Physics and Prof. An Zhisheng from the CAS Institu…     

Bringing Home the Graduate Courses

From June 17 to 21, Prof. Zhao Wei, Associate Vice-President for Research at Texas A&M University and a fellow of IEEE, opened a graduate course on realtime systems, not in America, but in a classroom at the Institute of Computing Technology under the CAS in Beijing, China. As chairman of a volunteer committee, he is promoting and operating the Dragon Star Program (DSP) to help China im prove its graduate education in Computer Science and Engineering.     

Public Understanding of and Attitudes towards Science ＆ Technology in China

China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) began the research and survey of the Chinese Public Understanding of Science and Technology at the beginning of the 1990s with the help of Prof. Jon D. Miller, then Director of US National Public Opinion Research Center and Longitudinal Stud- ies of the Youth at the Illinois University. By introduc- ing the conventional approach of indicators and a ques- tionnaire designed for the measurement of science lit- eracy popularly used in…     

A breakthrough in core IC equipment R＆D and industrialization

Amajor special project of integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing equipment of the National H ig h- te c h Re se a rc h a nd D ev e lo pm en t Program, dubbed “863” Program, passed the acceptance check jointly organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology and Beijing Municipality on Sept. 28 in Beijing. This event marks an important breakthrough in the development of the100nm high density plasma etching tool and large-angle ion implantation apparatus, a core equipment for IC manufa…     

Major Projects of Knowledge Innovation Program in the 11th Five-Year Plan Period

With the support of the central government, the Knowledge Innovation Program （KIP） was initiated by CAS in 1998 in an effort to build a national innovation system at the advent of a knowledge-based economy. Since then, scores of major projects under the Program have been launched with an objective to address the key S＆T issues that are of strategic significance to the economic development, national security and social sustainable development in China. Through integrating CAS strengths with social resources, these projects have scored encouraging achievements.     

Enhancing consultating services to address national demands of strategic importance

As China＇s top advisory body in science and technology （S＆T）, over the past four years, CAS has completed nearly 60 consultative reports by pooling the collective wisdom of prestigious scientists across China. Focusing on issues related to the national drive for a comprehensive, balanced and sustainable socialeconomic development and major S＆T strategies, these reports offered scientific insights for decision-making of the central authorities and attracted their close attention.     

ChinaNANO 2007 opens in Beijing

With all-round supports from the Ministry of Science & Technology,the Ministry of Education, CAS, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) as well as China Association for Science and Technology, the International Conference on Nanoscience and Technology, China 2007(ChinaNANO 2007) opened on June 4 in Beijing     

China＇s 10 most significant S＆T developments in 2007

Under the auspices of the Academic Divisions of both the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS） and the Chinese Academy of Engineering （CAE） and Science Times, a selection of the 10 most significant S＆T developments in China in 2007 was recently made in Beijing. Some 540 Members of CAS and CAE took part in the voting. Its results were released on 20 January.     

Flagship project on cryopheric changes launched at CAS

With the support of the National Basic Research Program （dubbed “973” Program）, a research project entitled the “dynamic process of China＇s cryosphere, and the mechanism behind its impact on climate, hydrology and ecology” has recently been launched at the CAS Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute （CAREERI） in Lanzhou, capital of northwest China＇s Gansu Province, marking the inception of a systematic and allround exploration of the subject.     

CAS, TWAS Join Hands in Developing Centers of Excellence to Promote Science in the Developing World

On June 28 and July 1, Dr. Peter McGrath, Programme IOfficer of TWAS （The World Academy of Sciences -- for the advancement of science in developingworld）, paid visits to four CAS-TWAS Centers of Excellence （CoEs） in Beijing, including the CoE for Green Technology, the CoE on Space Technology for Disaster Mitigation, the CoE for Water and Environment and the CoE for Biotechnology, together with staff from the CAS Bureau of International Cooperation.     

Research undertaken by CAS scientists with support of "973 Program"

The National Basic Research Program (dubbed as the " 9 73 Program" is China's on-going national keystone basic research program, which was approved by the Chinese government in June 1997 and is organized and implemented by the Ministry of Science and Technology. The strategic objectives of the Program are to strengthen the original innovations and to address the important scientific issues concerning the national economic and social development at a deeper level and in a wider scope, so as to improve China's capabilities of independent innovations and to provide scientific support for the future development of the country. The followings are some of the" 9 73 projects" initiated in 2006 under the coordination of CAS scientists.     

intensification Mechanism anc Processes

After six years of fruitful research with Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kai Sundmacher at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems （M PI Magdeburg）, Dr. Q I Zhiwen joined the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at the East China University of Science and Technology （ECUST Shanghai） in 2008. Motivated by their common research interests in the field of process intensification, the Partner Group between MPI Magdeburg and ECUST Shanghai was established in December 2009.     

International Cooperation Key to Success of Earth Observation System---An Interview with Dr. Ghassem R. Asrar

＂It is a very wonderful story to tell,＂ in the interview with BCAS reporter SONG Jianlan before the opening of the 35 th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment （ISRSE）, Dr. Ghassem R. Asrar, Director of the World Climate Research Program （WCRP） and former Earth Science Associate Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration （NASA） could not help expressing his joyfulness and satisfaction at the wonderful job the global community has done in just thirty years： building the Earth observing system （EOS）,turning the observations into useful information and making it available to scientists and decision makers around the world. Let＇s follow him to celebrate the contributions of Earth observations to our understanding of the Earth system and climate, a sub-system of our planet, and recognize China＇s current and future role in this system. Meanwhile we will have an opportunity to learn about his experiences of EOS and expectation of China＇s bigger participation in internationally cooperative projects in the field of space-based remote sensing, for future decades.     

BAL Quasars without intrinsic X-ray absorption

While observing a sample of quasars with broad absorption line （BAL） in their spectra, Prof. WANG Junxian and his colleagues Prof. WANG Tinggui and Dr. ZHOU Hongyan with the Center for Astrophysics at the University of Science and Technology of China （USTC） discovered that unlike most of BAL quasars, two of the observed do not show intrinsic X-ray absorption, indicating a different composition of matter in their outflows. This might help us better understand how black holes devour and project gases, according to the astronomers.     

CAS prolects winning National Natural Science Awards in 2007

At the National Conference for Science and Technology Awards held in early 2008 in Beijing, CAS scientists were honored with 13 second-prizes of the National Natural Science Awards, three prizes of the Awards for Technical Invention and 14 second-prizes of National Awards for S＆T Progress respectively. The following is a brief introduction to the winner projects of the National Natural Science Awards.