统计过程控制实验平台研制

为了加深学生对统计过程控制方法的认识与理解,研制了统计过程控制实验平台。该实验平台以电池充电过程为实验对象,通过连续检测电池充电量得到系列测量数据,根据测量数据变化趋势判断加工过程是否处于受控状态。充电电池内嵌射频识别芯片,利用读卡器读取电池序列号并记录电池状态,根据电池状态确定电池电量。测量示数由后台计算机控制,可按需生成休哈特提出的8种失控状态模式数据。实验平台具有情景真实、数据质量高、操作方便、成本低廉的特点,实际应用取得了良好的实验教学效果。     

基于LabVIEW的四旋翼飞行器姿态测量实验系统

为更好地掌握四旋翼飞行器姿态测量和姿态变化的过程,设计了一种基于LabVIEW的姿态测量实验系统。该系统以自主研发的四旋翼飞行器控制系统为实验平台,通过获取飞行器的姿态数据,进行解算和上传到PC机,在LabVIEW中实现四旋翼飞行器姿态数据的存贮、波形显示和飞行器姿态的三维动态图形模拟显示等功能。系统测试精度较高、响应灵敏、操作简单、实用性强,可为学生提供一个良好的姿态测量实验平台。     

风压风速风量实验平台的综合改造

阐述了风压风速实验平台的功效及作用机理,原有的风压风速实验平台只能通过测量风压计算风量.改造后增加了孔板流量计及喷嘴流量计实验内容,通过孔板、喷嘴测量压差,求出流量系数.用阀门调节改变流量时,测量出各种不同流量工况下的压差,根据测量数据可以求出流量与压差关系,绘制出压差与流量的关系曲线,此结果在原有的实验台是不能实现的.改造后的实验平台丰富了实验内容.     

声速测量远程实验设计

利用实验室大学物理实验中的声速测量仪,结合实验室远程实验控制平台,设计了声速测量远程实验。该实验项目采用usb-over-network技术、Wi-Fi技术进行实验仪器与远程实验控制平台通信,可实现声速测量实验仪器的远程监控,具有导出实验数据及图片并保存至本地计算机的功能。测试表明,可以在任何有网络的地方完成声速测量实验的操作,且实验效果好。该实验既可用于实验教学,也可用于相关研究。     

室内外一体测量平差教学实验平台建设

针对测量数据处理实践教学需求,依托教材示例、工程测量控制网数据处理任务,设计开发了室内外一体化的测量平差教学实验平台。实验平台由工程测量控制网、测量平差实验教学软件组成。测量平差实验教学软件分为基础、进阶和创新3个阶段,从易到难渐进式开展实验,包含测量数据读写、精度评价、平差函数模型建立及参数值估计等十余项实验内容,它具有组件、交互、扩展及填充等特征。实践应用表明,该平台为学生提供了工程测绘数据处理应用场景,提高了学生发现问题、分析问题与解决实际问题的能力,加深了学生对误差理论与测量平差原理的理解,缓解了“教师难教、学生难学”的课程教学难题。     

MATLAB环境下加工误差采集与统计分析平台的研发

设计了一种新型加工误差采集与统计分析平台。使用电涡流位移传感器,辅以MATLAB软件,利用数据采集工具箱进行工件尺寸的自动测量,借助强大的数值计算能力和卓越的图形用户界面功能,完成加工误差统计分析中大量数据的统计、分析、计算、复杂图形的绘制等工作数据处理,实现测量数据以及结果的可视化。设计检测平台的机械结构,通过实验验证平台可靠性。     

基于LabVIEW的激光光谱实验平台开发

基于LabVIEW设计开发了激光光谱仪器控制及采集平台,完成多台复杂仪器的远程控制及光谱数据的同步采集等操作,实现了激光光谱实验平台的自动化。该平台具备可调谐染料激光器(Sirah)波长调谐、单色仪(Omni-λ)光栅扫描、数字示波器(LeCroy)同步控制、数据采集传输,以及数据的同步处理、显示、存储等功能。实验测试结果表明,该激光光谱实验平台运行稳定,能够满足实验测量需求,具有较高的兼容能力,在激光光谱检测平台的设计、开发方面具备较强的可移植性和重要借鉴意义。     

基于LabVIEW的摩擦发电测量系统实验平台设计

设计了一套基于摩擦发电测量系统,实现了对摩擦发电器件的电压、电流等电学信息实时检测和处理分析。该测量系统以LabVIEW为软件开发平台,通过计算机程序控制电机驱动模块,测量被测摩擦发电机的输出信号,并将采集到的数据发至计算机,实现采集数据的实时显示、自动进行数据处理、数据存储等功能。实验结果表明,设计的摩擦发电测量系统具有综合性强、检测信号稳定、操作简单、软件扩展性好等优点,满足为学生提供了一个自主学习和创新设计的平台的基本需要。     

低压气体放电特性平台设计及实验技巧分析

设计了低气压气体放电等离子体综合实验平台,利用该平台可以开展气体直流击穿特性、气体放电伏安特性和等离子体基本参数静电探针诊断等系列实验项目的演示和教学。针对气体击穿特性实验平台的设计和实验方法,结合开展低气压气体直流击穿特性实验教学内容,介绍了平台的设计技巧、实验教学所需准备、课堂组织和实验技巧,分析了教学实施过程遇到的问题,提出了解决方案。教学实践表明,安全问题、气体击穿临界点的判定、首次测量气压点的选择、实验数据点的分布与拟合是课程顺利开展的关键因素。     

测绘工程实验平台建设的实践与思考

该文介绍了武汉大学测绘工程实验平台建设的总体目标和内容,给出了4个实验平台即数字测图实验平台、工程测量实验平台、基于网络的综合实验平台和以人为本的开放创新实验平台建设的成效.     

Rater Cognition: Implications for Validity

The scoring process is critical in the validation of tests that rely on constructed responses. Documenting that readers carry out the scoring in ways consistent with the construct and measurement goals is an important aspect of score validity. In this article, rater cognition is approached as a source of support for a validity argument for scores based on constructed responses, whether such scores are to be used on their own or as the basis for other scoring processes, for example, automated scoring.     

基于CCD视频采集的计量光栅技术

介绍了一种基于CCD的计量光栅技术,建立了微距测量系统．系统由CCD摄像头采集双光栅干涉产生的莫尔条纹信号,采用视频采集卡对CCD摄像头输出的标准模拟视频信号进行A／D转换,并通过PCI接口传输到计算机,最后由计算机编写VC＋＋上位机程序实现条纹的接收、显示和软件自动计数,并通过软件细分技术提高测量精度．经实验验证,该系统结构简单、运行稳健可靠．     

New SST correction method from multi-satellite based on the coefficient of variation

In remote sensing sea surface temperature(SST),the traditional fusion method is used to compute the dot product of a subjective weight vector with a satellite measurement vector,while the result requires validation by field measurement.However,field measurement that relative to the satellite measurement is very sparse,many information may not be verified.A relative objective weight vector is constructed by using the limited field measurement,which is based on coefficient of variation method.And then it make...     

基于机器视觉的电机端盖孔直径的在线测量

构建了基于机器视觉的电机端盖孔直径尺寸的在线测量系统,利用halcon软件包对CCD工业相机参数标定,处理了电机端盖图像,通过边缘特征提取,计算电机端盖孔直径尺寸,与千分尺测量结果对比,验证了本文提出的电机端盖孔直径视觉测量方法能够满足生产需要。     

基于机器视觉的瓷砖尺寸检测研究

以瓷砖尺寸的检测为研究对象,研究了基于机器视觉的瓷砖尺寸检测。根据瓷砖的国家标准,利用机器视觉传感器,对采集图像进行降噪和图像增强,构建了一套瓷砖尺寸在线检测装置,并对该装置进行试验验证。结果表明,机器视觉对瓷砖尺寸检测达到国家标准和企业标准。     

技术创新测度与评价指标体系

本文从技术创新的投入、产出及风险三个方面,对技术创新测度指标的选择与确立进行了详细阐述,进而构建了基于国家和企业两个层面的技术创新测度指标体系。     

The Relationship between Students’ Views of the Nature of Science and their Views of the Nature of Scientific Measurement

The present study explores the relationship between students’ views of the nature of science (NOS) and their views of the nature of scientific measurement. A questionnaire with two‐tier diagnostic multiple‐choice items on both the NOS and measurement was administered to 179 first‐year physics students with diverse school experiences. Students’ views on the NOS were classified into four NOS ‘profiles’, and views on measurement were classified according to either the point or set paradigms. The findings show that students with a NOS profile dominated by a belief that the laws of nature are to be discovered by scientists are more likely to have a view of the nature of scientific measurement characterised by a belief in ‘true’ values. On the other hand, students who believe that scientific theories are inventions of scientists, constructed from observations that are then validated through further experimentation, are more likely to have a view of the nature of scientific measurement that is underpinned by the uncertain nature of scientific evidence. The implications for teaching scientific measurement at tertiary level are discussed.     

供电服务工程质量评价模型的构建与应用

为了在整个供电服务生命周期中做出各类关键决策调控,最终达到高的客户满意度,对供电服务系统的组成要素及其之间的关联关系进行分析并优化。借鉴质量管理中的SQFD方法,提出了5个一级16个二级供电服务顾客需求指标和6个供电服务技术需求指标,针对指标和关联关系提出数据采集和度量方法,构造出多指标融合的服务质量屋评价模型。以湖北十堰供电服务为实例,将顾客差异性评价观点融合形成多维度评价结果,对整个过程进行诊断和重新设计优化。     

PISA truth effects: the construction of low performance

This article seeks to unpack the taken-for-granted notion of low performance, arguing that performance and competency are not a given categories; rather they are “objects-for-thought” that receive their discursive and material contours through a chain of translations. As suggested previously by Gorur, PISA is analyzed through the lens of Latourian Science and Technology Studies. The arguments in this article are based on an analysis of situations constructed to observe how performance is enacted in socio-material practice, as 15-year-old students collaboratively solve PISA scientific-literacy items. As background a text analysis, concerning how scientific literacy and performance are discursively constructed in various PISA materials, is reported. We suggest the notion of ‘competency’ be linked to the historical event of trying to start to detect it and argue that PISA results are products of the situated adjustments that are enacted by students and items created in the very moments of scientific measurement.     

Use of Adjustment by Minimum Discriminant Information in Linking Constructed‐Response Test Scores in the Absence of Common Items

In many educational tests, both multiple‐choice (MC) and constructed‐response (CR) sections are used to measure different constructs. In many common cases, security concerns lead to the use of form‐specific CR items that cannot be used for equating test scores, along with MC sections that can be linked to previous test forms via common items. In such cases, adjustment by minimum discriminant information may be used to link CR section scores and composite scores based on both MC and CR sections. This approach is an innovative extension that addresses the long‐standing issue of linking CR test scores across test forms in the absence of common items in educational measurement. It is applied to a series of administrations from an international language assessment with MC sections for receptive skills and CR sections for productive skills. To assess the linking results, harmonic regression is applied to examine the effects of the proposed linking method on score stability, among several analyses for evaluation.