联盟间伙伴关系对联盟绩效的影响研究

本文以战略联盟理论和社会网络理论为基础,208家高新技术企业为样本进行问卷调查,实证研究联盟伙伴关系、网络嵌入性与联盟绩效之间的关系。研究结果表明：联盟伙伴关系对联盟绩效有正向影响;网络强度在信任、沟通、信息共享与联盟绩效关系中起部分中介作用;网络稳定性在信任、沟通与联盟绩效关系中起部分中介作用,而在信息共享与联盟绩效关系中无中介作用。本文通过实证研究,证明了联盟伙伴关系对联盟绩效的作用机制,进一步拓展企业建立战略联盟的理论基础,对联盟内企业合理运用联盟内外网络获取知识和资源、提升联盟绩效具有重要的启示意义。     

PPP项目关系性规则对合作行为的影响研究 ——被调节的中介模型

为探究PPP项目关系性规则对合作行为的内在作用机理,本文构建以信任为中介变量,外部环境不确定性、资产专用性为情境边界条件的研究模型。对参与PPP项目全过程的管理人员进行问卷调研并利用结构方程模型(SEM)进行数据分析。实证结果表明:(1)信任在关系性规则与合作行为之间发挥完全中介作用,计算型信任的中介效果显著大于关系型信任;(2)外部环境不确定性负向调节关系性规则与信任之间的关系,并且负向调节信任的中介作用。(3)资产专用性正向调节关系性规则与信任之间的关系,并且正向调节信任的中介作用。最后,根据实证结果对公私伙伴双方的成功合作提出相关建议,期望为现代项目管理实践提供重要参考。     

技术创新网络中核心企业对创新绩效影响:沟通和信任的中介作用研究

技术创新网络中,核心企业自主创新能力提升的过程就是创新网络绩效提升的过程。提出核心企业、沟通和信任对网络创新绩效的影响机理模型。通过实证研究,结果表明,核心企业对创新网络绩效有显著正向影响,组织间信任和沟通对核心企业与创新网络绩效间起部分中介作用,以及组织间信任在组织沟通与创新网络绩效间起完全的中介作用。     

R&D联盟网络结构对高新技术企业竞争优势影响研究

通过引入开放创新能力作中介变量,构建了R&D联盟网络规模、密度以及凝聚子群等结构属性与高新技术企业竞争优势之间关系的理论模型。以台湾南港软体工业园的高新技术企业和经济部工业局辅助的高新技术企业为调查对象,利用结构方程模型进行了实证检验。研究结果表明,R&D联盟网络规模和密度均能通过开放创新能力的中介作用对高新技术企业竞争优势有显著的正向影响;而R&D联盟网络凝聚子群通过开放创新能力的中介作用对高新技术企业竞争优势正向影响不显著。本研究弥补了以往研究的不足,可为高新技术企业高效利用R&D联盟网络资源提升竞争优势提供理论支持。     

企业创新网络结构嵌入性对协同创新能力影响的实证研究——共生行为的中介作用

以335个高新技术企业为样本,采用结构方程模型及相关技术,分析了企业创新网络结构嵌入性对协同创新能力的影响,并基于共生理论,检验共生行为在企业创新网络结构嵌入性与协同创新能力间的中介作用。实证结果表明:创新网络结构嵌入性的网络规模、网络异质性、网络开放度三个维度与协同创新能力、共生行为之间均存在显著的正相关;共生行为与协同创新能力之间存在显著的正相关;并且,共生行为在网络开放度与协同创新能力间起到完全中介作用,在网络规模、网络异质性与协同创新能力间起到部分中介作用。     

企业间学习与信任互补作用于创新绩效吗?——基于企业间合作行为的视角

构建了企业问信任和学习对买卖双方创新绩效影响的理论模型,并将联合解决问题作为中介机制,来探索知识的传递和关系的紧密如何影响企业问的互动行为,以及这些因素对双方创新绩效的影响.通过对194家企业的实证研究,发现企业问信任和学习有利于促进企业间的联合解决问题行为,进而进一步提升企业的创新绩效,联合解决问题在此过程中扮演着部分中介的角色.并且验证了信任与学习之间有互补作用,两者的交互项对创新绩效的影响被联合解决问题完全中介.     

信任对用户新移动支付采纳行为的影响机制——基于UTAUT的多重中介效应分析

随着移动互联网的迅速普及和发展,以微信和支付宝为代表的移动支付功能被广大用户所接受。本研究以UTAUT理论为基础,以信任为前置变量,研究手机用户对新移动支付服务的采纳行为模式,以及信任作为前置变量对用户新移动支付采纳行为的影响机制。研究首先采用结构方程方法检验UTAUT中绩效期望、努力期望和社会影响三个主要变量对新移动支付服务用户采纳行为意愿的影响;之后采用不对称置信区间法检验信任对用户移动支付采纳行为的中介效应和三条中介效应路径。研究结果表明:绩效期望、努力期望和社会影响对用户新移动支付采纳行为意愿具有显著正向影响;信任对新移动支付服务的用户采纳行为意愿影响是以绩效期望、努力期望和社会影响作为中介变量的完全中介效应,三条中介路径全部显著性,其中以绩效期望作为中介变量的中介效果量最大;信任对移动支付用户采纳行为意愿的直接效应不显著。     

技术创新网络位置对网络惯例的影响研究—以组织间信任为中介变量

学者们指出网络惯例是维持并协调技术创新网络运行的关键因素,但是网络惯例形成方面的研究相对缺乏。本文主要研究技术创新网络中不同类型的网络位置和组织间信任对网络惯例产生的差异性影响,在相关文献梳理的基础上,提出理论假设,以西安高新区高技术企业网络等为对象进行问卷调查,运用层级回归方法进行实证检验。结果表明,网络位置和组织间信任与网络惯例之间都存在着显著的正向相关关系;同时,基于认知的信任还在网络位置影响网络惯例形成的过程中充当部分中介作用,但是结构洞与基于情感的信任相关关系不显著,在结构洞与网络惯例之间,仅基于认知的信任存在部分中介效应。研究结论有助于揭示网络惯例的形成机理,增强对技术创新网络运行内在规律的理解,有助于指导企业从更深层次上把握网络合作创新行为具有非常重要的意义。     

网络密度对企业间知识转移效果的影响——以转移双方企业转移意愿为中介变量的实证研究

 以国内通信电源产业的199家企业为样本,对网络密度影响企业间知识转移效果时转移双方企业的转移意愿所具有的中介作用进行了实证分析。研究发现,网络密度对转移双方企业的转移意愿有显著的正向影响,转移双方企业的转移意愿在网络密度正向影响企业间的知识转移效果时具有显著的完全中介作用。     

联盟网络中信任对知识创造影响路径实证研究

信任是影响联盟网络效率及效益的重要变量之一.在理论分析联盟网络中信任三维度与个体和群体两类知识创造活动之间的影响关系和作用路径之后,探讨了两类知识创造活动在信任三维度之间的中介作用以及组织学习在两类知识创造活动之间的调节作用.在此基础上采用质性研究和问卷调查相结合的研究方法,对来自950家联盟网络企业的有关信任与知识创造活动状况调查所获得的有效数据验证上述关系.实证结果表明,过程信任、制度信任与两类知识创造活动正相关关系显著,人际信任与两类知识创造活动的正相关关系微弱,两类知识创造活动对信任三维度的中介作用明显,而组织学习在两类知识创造活动之间发挥着重要的调节作用.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.