SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2-SnO_2催化剂的制备和表征

以硫酸钛和四氯化锡制备SO_4^(2-)/TiO_2-SnO_2催化剂,对SO_4(2-)/TiO_2-SnO_2催化剂,对SO_4^(2-)/TiO_2-SnO_2进行了红外、电镜扫描和X衍射等表征.分析表明,在TiO_2-SnO_2中,SnO_2以无定形方式分散在TiO_2表面,负载SO_4(2-)/TiO_2-SnO_2进行了红外、电镜扫描和X衍射等表征.分析表明,在TiO_2-SnO_2中,SnO_2以无定形方式分散在TiO_2表面,负载SO_4^(2-)后,SO_4(2-)后,SO_4^(2-)/TiO_2-SnO_2催化剂的颗粒更加细化,比表面积进一步增大,形成更多的酸中心,酸性增强,催化活性较佳.     

Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA/H_2O_2催化光降解苯酚模拟废水

研究UV254光照下,Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA/H2O2对苯酚的催化光降解效能。首先考察反应时间、溶液初始pH值、Fe(Ⅲ)与EDTA的浓度比值对UV/Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA催化光降解苯酚的影响,进而考察UV/Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA/H2O2体系对苯酚的降解效能。结果表明:当溶液pH为7,Fe(Ⅲ)/EDTA浓度比值为1:1时,经过1h反应,UV/Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA体系对苯酚的催化光降解效率达61.13%。在溶液初始pH为3⁷时,UV/Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA对苯酚的降解率均可达60%以上。在中性条件下,UV/Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA体系添加H2O2后可把苯酚的降解率从61.13%提高到91.30%。反应前后溶液的紫外扫描光谱表明光降解过程中苯酚的苯环共轭结构被破坏。最后对UV/Fe(Ⅲ)-EDTA/H2O2体系催化光降解机理进行了初步探讨。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化降解苯酚废水的实验研究

以纳米TiO_2为催化剂的光催化氧化技术是一种新型的废水处理技术,具有高效、价廉、无二次污染、成本低等优点,受到广泛关注。本文利用纳米TiO_2催化剂对模拟苯酚废水进行光催化处理,研究了光源种类、pH值、苯酚初始浓度、催化剂的用量、添加H_2O_2对降解过程的影响。通过实验确定:改变催化剂的投加量,调节适当的pH值,减小溶液的初始浓度,适当加入H_2O_2氧化剂等方法,可以提高含酚废水的处理效率。当苯酚溶液初始溶度为100mg/L,催化剂的用量为1.5g/L,溶液pH=4,氧化剂H_2O_2用量为2.5ml/L时,紫外光照反应4hr,苯酚降解率可达56%。苯酚浓度不高时,光催化降解反应符合一级动力学方程。     

海藻酸钠固定化菌株JY04降解苯酚特性研究

以苯酚作为唯一碳源和能源的无机盐培养液对从绝缘材料厂排放的活性污泥进行驯化,从中分离筛选到1株苯酚降解菌,编号为JY04.采用正交实验设计方法优化了该菌株固定化条件,并且考察了该固定化细胞降解苯酚的最适条件.结果表明:在固定化条件为海藻酸钠(SA)浓度为5%,湿菌重/包埋剂为6/30,CaCl2浓度为3%时,固定化时间为8 h,降解率可达82.6%,并具有较好的机械强度.确定其对苯酚降解最适条件为pH 7.0,苯酚浓度为400 mg/L,温度32℃,接种量为25 g,培养时间42 h,其苯酚的降解率可达97.3%.该菌株固定化细胞的降解苯酚能力和耐受苯酚能力均大于游离细胞.固定化菌株对苯酚有较强的降解和耐受能力,是处理苯酚废水的良好菌种资源.     

钒搀杂对TiO2光催化降解含酚溶液性能影响初探

采用溶胶凝胶法制备一系列不同钒掺杂量的TiO_2光催化剂,应用XRD、TEM手段和光催化反应装置研究了TiO_2光催化剂的结构及其苯酚光催化降解活性。结果表明,催化剂的组成、结构和粒子大小对苯酚光催化降解活性有较大的影响,随着钒掺杂量的增加,TiO_2的光催化活性先逐渐升高,V_2O_5掺杂质量分数为3％时光催化活性最好,V_2O_5掺杂质量分数超过3％时光催化活性逐渐降低。     

CBC@rGO复合电极材料的制备及其电化学性能

为了研发高效降解水中苯酚的电化学技术，将玉米芯生物质炭(CBC)负载于导电性能好的还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)上，制备得到高性能复合电极材料CBC@rGO。通过循环伏安测试CBC@rGO的电化学性能，通过扫描电子显微镜仪器、BET比表面积及孔径分析仪和X射线光电子能谱分析仪等表征物化性能，探讨CBC@rGO高效降解水中苯酚的影响规律；基于电化学降解实验，获得CBC@rGO对水中苯酚的最佳去除效果。结果表明：CBC@rGO的最大比电容为125.82 F/g(扫描速率为10 mV/s),与其比表面积、总孔容量及F-C-F键强度成正比；0～10 min内，CBC@rGO对苯酚的降解速率(k=0.025 81 L·mol^-1·s^-1)明显高于CBC和rGO。由此，CBC@rGO作为一种绿色高效的电极材料，可明显提高其导电能力并解决石墨烯纳米材料的团聚问题，为水中苯酚的高效去除提供了新的技术和方法。     

水中2,4-二氯苯酚和五氯苯酚电子束辐射降解的研究

用电子束辐射降解水中的2, 4-二氯苯酚(2, 4-DCP)和五氯苯酚(PCP), 研究辐照剂量对溶液初始质量浓度各为50 mg/L的2种氯代苯酚辐射降解和去除有机氯的影响. 同时研究了溶液不同的初始质量浓度、pH值和去氧状态等条件对辐射降解的影响. HPLC的测试结果表明: 随着辐照剂量的增加,氯代苯酚的降解率增加, 溶液中的氯离子增加, 但辐照后溶液中仍有2, 4-DCP和PCP的残余物. 试验结果表明: 有机氯辐射降解的速度要比无机氯生成的速度快得多; 溶液的去氧也能加快氯代苯酚的降解; 在酸性到中性条件下比碱性条件下更利于有机氯裂解.     

多孔碳负载铁氧化物的制备及其催化臭氧氧化苯酚性能

多相催化臭氧氧化技术能够有效去除水中难降解性有机污染物,但催化剂活性及稳定性有待进一步提高。本研究制备了具有高催化臭氧氧化性能的Fe₂O₃-Fe₃C/PC材料,该复合材料以铁氧化物为催化剂的活性组分,以多孔碳(PC)为催化剂的载体。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)等方法对催化剂的形貌及结构进行分析表征。以苯酚为目标污染物,考察Fe₂O₃-Fe₃C/PC催化臭氧氧化降解有机污染物性能,实验结果发现,Fe₂O₃-Fe₃C/PC具备良好的催化臭氧氧化活性：反应75 min后,苯酚(20 mg·L^-1)的总有机碳(TOC)去除率达到90.3%,是单独臭氧氧化的3.3倍,且在较宽的pH范围内(4.0～9.4)均表现出高效的催化臭氧氧化降解苯酚活性。淬灭剂实验结果显示,Fe₂O     

中国风的营养强化冰激凌

采用光沉积-液相化学法调节电子流向,构建了直接Z型TiO₂/Ag/Ag₃PO_{(4 )}(TAAPO)光催化材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪以及光致发光(PL)光谱仪等手段对其进行表征,并对其在可见光照射下催化降解环丙沙星(CIP)的性能进行了研究.结果表明,当水体pH为3.0,催化剂分散浓度为0.3 g/L,CIP的初始浓度为15 mg/L时,光催化降解体系能够取得最佳的去除效果.在该组条件下,光照120 min CIP的降解率约为99%,并且在经历4个循环后仍然保持了良好的降解效果.在光催化降解CIP的过程中,主要反应活性物种为超氧自由基(·O₂     

新课程写作教学有何良策

采用光沉积-液相化学法调节电子流向,构建了直接Z型TiO₂/Ag/Ag₃PO_{(4 )}(TAAPO)光催化材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪以及光致发光(PL)光谱仪等手段对其进行表征,并对其在可见光照射下催化降解环丙沙星(CIP)的性能进行了研究.结果表明,当水体pH为3.0,催化剂分散浓度为0.3 g/L,CIP的初始浓度为15 mg/L时,光催化降解体系能够取得最佳的去除效果.在该组条件下,光照120 min CIP的降解率约为99%,并且在经历4个循环后仍然保持了良好的降解效果.在光催化降解CIP的过程中,主要反应活性物种为超氧自由基(·O₂     

Studies of the Extraction of Phenol by N-Octanoylpyrrolidine

1 IntroductionWasteWater containing phenol is a kind of industrialwaStowater that has eXtensive resources, and it isseriously hannful to our environxnent. Treatment ofwaSte water containing phenol by solvent extractionmethod generally selects extraCtants such as butylacetate, isopropyl ether, tributyl Phosphate (TBP) and N,N-di (l-methyl-heptyl) acetamide (N503) .to.['"]. Anew type of extractant, N-octanoylprplidine (OPOD),was synthesized in our laboratory for the first time.The experim…     

N-辛酰吡咯烷萃取法处理高浓度含酚废水

The behavior of phenol of wastewater extraction by N-octanoylpyrrolidine (OPOD) in kerosene was studied. The dependence of the extraction distribution ratios on the concentrations of extractant, phenol, acidity and temperature was investigated. By means of the slope method, the composition of the extracted complex was deduced to be C6H5 · OPOD , and the related thermodynamic functions were also calculated. The IR and NMR spectra showed the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between phenol and OPOD. The experimental results indicated that OPOD could extract phenol effectively.     

2，6-二叔丁基-4（二甲氨甲基）苯酚的合成

以2,6-二叔丁基苯酚,甲醛,二甲胺为原料,通过mannich反应合成了抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基-4（二甲氨甲基）苯酚,并采用红外光谱和质谱对其结构进行了表征．通过正交实验确定了抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基-4（二甲氨甲基）苯酚的最佳合成工艺：第一步反应温度为5℃,反应时间为40min;第二步反应温度为80℃,反应时间为3．5h;2,6-二叔丁基苯酚与甲醛和二甲胺的物质的量的比分别为1：1．7,1：2．7．产品的收率为94．7％,熔点为91-92℃．     

铂微粒修饰碳纳米管-纳米TiO2/聚苯胺复合膜电极对抗坏血酸的电催化氧化

采用循环伏安法,在含有0.2mol.L-1苯胺的0.5 mol.L-1的硫酸溶液中,以50mv.s-1的扫描速度,在-0.1~0.9V范围内实现苯胺在碳纳米管-纳米TiO2膜电极上的电化学聚合,得到翠绿色的聚苯胺膜,并用交流阻抗谱对复合膜的电化学性质进行了表征。在该电极上修饰铂,制得铂微粒修饰聚苯胺复合膜电极,研究了其对抗坏血酸的电催化氧化,发现修饰后的电极对抗坏血酸的氧化有很高的催化活性。     

碳纳米管/纳米TiO2-聚苯胺复合膜电极的电化学制备

在含有0.2 mol.L-1苯胺的0.5mol.L-1H2SO4溶液中,采用循环伏安法(CV),以扫描速度50mv.s-1,扫描电位为-0.1～0.9V,在碳纳米管/纳米TiO2(CNT/nanoTiO2)膜电极上实现了苯胺的电化学聚合,并通过扫描电镜对膜层的微观形貌进行观察,发现这种在纳米基体上聚合得到的聚苯胺膜呈疏松、多孔的纳米纤维网状结构,不同于在金属基体上聚合得到的颗粒状聚苯胺膜.     

Improved Synthesis of Nefazodone from Phenol

A route for the synthesis of nefazodone is reported. Nefazodone was obtained with an overall yield of 37. 2% from phenol. The key steps involve the improved synthesis of 5-ethyl-4-(2-phenoxyethyl)-1, 2, 4-triazol-3(2H)-one, a key intermediate in the synthesis of nefazodone. The phenol was etherified with 1, 2-dichloroethane (75%), followed by iodination-amination with Nal and CH_3OH-NH_3(85.7%), acylation with ethyl chloroformate (95.7%) and cyclization with propionyl hy-drazine (83.6%).     

从撕裂到共生——浅论民族主义与早期中国电影的文化内涵

电影民族化是所有国别电影所必须面对的电影文化属性与身份归属的转化命题,在中国电影发展的创始期阶段（1905年-1931年）,民族主义一直是支撑电影文化语境转挟的有效手段之一。分析这一特殊时期电影经验结构和价值体系中的民族情结以及它们对中国现代化民族想象的影响,以便后人对早期中国电影的文化形态和范式样本有着接近性的认识和梳理。     

Degradation kinetics and mechanisms of phenol in photo-Fenton process

Phenol degradation in photochemically enhanced Fenton process was investigated in this work. UV-VIS spectra of phenol degradation showed the difference between photo-Fenton process and UV/H2O2, which is a typical hydroxyl radical process. A possible pathway diagram for phenol degradation in photo-Fenton process was proposed, and a mathematical model for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was developed. Operating parameters such as dosage of H2O2 and ferrous ions, pH, suitable carrier gas were found to impact the removal of COD significantly. The results and analysis of kinetic parameters calculated from the kinetic model showed that complex degradation of phenol was the main pathway for removal of COD; while hydroxyl radicals acted weakly in the photo-Fenton degradation of phenol.     

Degradation kinetics and mechanisms of phenol in photo-Fenton process

INTRODUCTION Fenton process has been well studied recently for its prospective applications in unmanageable wastewater treatment (Legrini et al., 1993; Ollis and Al-Ekabi, 1993; Prousek, 1996). The high effi-ciency of this process is traditionally thought to be due to the generation of hydroxyl radical (HO?, which is of a high oxidation potential (E0 = 2.80 V) and can mineralize the organic compounds com-pletely to water and carbon dioxide. In acidic me-dium, this radical mechanism ca…     

Morphology and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanosized Titania Particles

Nanosized TiO2 particles,synthesized by microemulsion-mediated method,were characterized by XRD,TEM,EDS and BET.To judge the activity of TiO2 particles,the photocatalytic destruction of phenol in areated suspension was studied.The result shows that the photocatalytic activity of lab-made nanometer anatase TiO2 is comparable to or higher than that of commercial titania perticles.The effects of smoe processing parameters such as TiO2 content,oxygen flow rate,pH value on phenol removal were also investigated.The experimental results indicate that there is an optimum value for the TiO2 content,Sufficient O2 supply is needed, but too high gas flow rate induces large bubbles that eliminate the gas residence time and the gas/liquid contact interface,The pH value of the phenol solutions has a complex effect on the photocatalytic activity of the particles.