‘Basic Values’ and Education

The Personal Adviser is a new role within schools. It is an integral part of the new Connexions Service, which is being implemented throughout England in tranches, the first starting in April 2001. This article examines the origins of the role, the confusion that has surrounded its initial development, and some of the issues that it will have to confront. The paper draws on experience gained in some of the Connexions pilot schemes during 2000/1.     

Professional education as co-inquiry: an evaluation of the learning approach to developing the role of connexions personal adviser

This paper presents an example of using evaluation as a tool for encouraging democratic participation in the development of professional learning and course delivery. The new professional role of Connexions Personal Adviser (CPA) is being clarified and developed through participation of CPAs on a new national training programme, the Diploma for Connexions Personal Advisers, and the approach to evaluating the programme builds on the espoused values and principles of the Connexions Service. Whilst using findings from an evaluation of a specific training programme, the paper advocates a method that could be used on other professional programmes. A theme to emerge from the evaluation has been the identification of a gap between the rhetoric of the national policy and the reality of awareness at local delivery level. These findings have been instrumental in informing future developments and research in particular into the effectiveness of approaches to action learning, and an exploration of strategies to enable the effective transfer and integration of learning from education to workplace.     

Connecting with connexions: the role of the personal adviser with young people with special educational and support needs

The Connexions service has particular responsibility for coordinating transition planning for students with learning difficulties. In this study Bob Grove and Alison Giraud–Saunders report on the development of the personal adviser (PA) role in two special schools and an FE college as part of the Lewisham Connexions pilot. This article is based on the evaluation report of the Connecting with Connexions project, which is available in full from the authors.     

连通开放教育资源——赖斯大学Connexions项目评析

赖斯大学的Connexions项目作为开放教育资源运动中的典型代表,以其先进的理念、成熟的技术、丰富的资源引起了广泛的关注。文章介绍了Connexions项目的发展历史及其理念,通过系统梳理,对其功能和开放机制进行了透析,并总结了项目取得成功的可供借鉴的经验,在此基础上分析了Connexions项目对我国国家精品课程资源建设与评价的启示。     

The role of the Connexions service in supporting the transition from school to post-16 education, employment training and work for young people with a history of specific speech and language difficulties or learning difficulties

The transition from school to the world of post-compulsory education is a major landmark in the lives of young people with special educational needs (SEN). In England the Connexions service set up to support young people during transition was planned to provide both a universal service and one that provided special support to vulnerable young people, particularly those at risk of not being in education, employment or training (NEET). The present paper reports the findings of a study of 46 Connexions personal advisers (PAs) who were supporting young people with specific speech and language difficulties (SSLD) or general learning difficulties, as part of a longitudinal study of these young people's development. Interviews were held with the PAs to identify patterns of organisation, the nature of services delivered to these young people and the factors that influenced successful support. The findings highlight the diversity among Connexions services, the limited expertise with young people with SEN and the structural barriers that may limit effectiveness. In addition, the Assessment, Planning, Implementation and Review Framework was not consistently used. The Connexions service has the potential to provide important support to young people with SEN at this key transition point but our study indicates the need for modifications to its operation.     

'Am I the same?' Decision-making processes during the transition from school

This paper describes the kinds of decisions that young people with special educational needs and their families have to make as the time to leave school approaches. While these choices may be familiar, what is less familiar is how such decisions are made. The Code of Practice ( DfE, 1994 ; DfES, 2001 ) provides guidance on the support to be provided during the transition from school, but this only partially reflects the complexities of reality. The seven types of decision-making processes that are identified here are an attempt to describe some of these complexities as experienced by young people and their parents or carers. The paper concludes by suggesting that these insights could contribute to the emerging role of the Connexions Service Personal Advisers in providing more sensitive and effective support during the transition phase.     

邢台广电网的改版思路及设计

本文阐述了邢台广电网的前端设计的思路和过程,分析广电网的客户,并以这些客户为中心进行了设计,并以客户的体验作为调整设计的依据。同时考虑到实际工作中的情况,提供解决的办法。并叙述了本人对此次设计上的不足和遗憾。     

Creation of reusable open textbooks: Insights from the Connexions repository

Open textbook initiatives have appeared as an alternative to traditional publishing. These initiatives for the production of alternatively copyrighted educational resources provide a way of sharing materials through the Web. While the open model of peer‐produced materials enables the global reuse of textbooks, the combination of fragments to produce new textbooks tailored to particular needs is not easy. The heterogeneity of topics and target audiences, as well as the cultural and institutional differences of educational systems across the globe, raises the need for new compositional features, fostering—at the same time—the reuse of the newly produced combinations. This paper reviews the current models of reuse and sharing, and presents a quantitative analysis of the Connexions repository which provides evidence about the culture of reuse in open textbook initiatives.     

Aiming high: the educational and occupational aspirations and of young disabled people

This article provides an overview of the aspirations and expectations disabled teenagers form for their future education and employment and the factors which are associated with positive aspirations. After reviewing what is already known about the formation of aspirations in general, and among young disabled people in particular, Tania Burchardt presents preliminary analysis from original research using two large‐scale representative surveys: the Youth Cohort Study (YCS) and the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70). The results indicate that young disabled people have similar aspirations to their non‐disabled counterparts, although tempered in some cases with a recognition that there are likely to be obstacles in the world of work. There is also some–tentative–evidence that young disabled people feel less well served by advice and support services. SEN coordinators in secondary schools and further education, and Connexions advisors, need to ensure that they encourage positive aspirations, especially among young people from disadvantaged backgrounds, while offering practical support in overcoming disabling barriers.     

Disadvantaged young people accessing the new urban economies of the post‐industrial city

The aim of the paper is to examine current and evolving supply side transition policy initiatives in the light of (a) particular demand side needs of urban young people classified as those most disadvantaged and potentially marginalized; and (b) the emerging realities of accessing and operating within particular examples of high value‐added knowledge work arenas of the new urban economies in the UK. The paper is a synthesis of qualitative research undertaken by the author over the last five years that has examined notions of transition, development and learning for both young people and adults as they attempt to navigate their pathways in, and through, the new economies of the post‐industrial urban context. The paper communicates the importance of a number of sociocultural theoretical concepts as a way of illuminating transition choices, actions and opportunities for disadvantaged young people. These concepts also enable a broader set of critical questions to be asked about current 14–19 transition policy and practice, particularly with regards to Connexions and the Careers Education and Guidance in England 11–19 National Framework.     

对两种类型资源共建共享平台的比较研究

文章提出了发布型和共建型两种类型的资源共建共享平台,并以我国国家基础教育资源网和美国赖斯大学Connexions项目为例,对两类教育资源共建共享平台和方式进行了比较分析,对如何进一步加快数字化教育资源建设,完善国家教育资源网共建共享方式,促进优质资源的共建共享提出了建议。     

Education and training for young people at risk of becoming NEET: findings from an ethnographic study of work‐based learning programmes

This report provides a summary of findings from an ethnographic study of work‐based learning provision for 16–18‐year‐olds who would otherwise fall into the UK Government category of not in education, employment or training (NEET). The research project took place in the north of England during 2008–2009, and investigated the biographies, experiences and aspirations of young people and practitioners working on Entry to Employment (E2E) programmes in four learning sites. The detailed research findings are reported in four papers covering the conceptual background to E2E, and the experiences of learners, tutors and Connexions personal advisers involved with the programme. This report highlights and synthesises some of the key issues raised by these papers and looks ahead to a three‐year longitudinal study of NEET young people which is intended to continue and extend this work, providing an opportunity to follow this group during a period of far‐reaching economic and political change.     

Where have they gone? Issues in transition and progression for special school leavers

This paper reports on semi-structured interviews with 76 former special school students now aged between 16 and 25. These young people were 'disadvantaged' rather than 'disabled' and many were experiencing 'fractured' transitions from school. Although they were more positive about their schools than similarly disadvantaged peers who had attended mainstream provision, they nonetheless raised concerns about the quality and usefulness of their experiences. On leaving school they had, in many cases, moved from one unsatisfactory activity to another, without any obvious signs of progression. They displayed a high level of purposefulness but lacked personal and social resources to support their progression within somewhat unsupportive structures. The paper argues that an exclusive focus on transition from school is inadequate and that young people may need support well after this point, possibly from the Connexions service. It also suggests that the notion of 'resilience' may have more to offer than traditional special education discourses.     

新课程改革背景下的教师角色解析

我国新课程改革的焦点之一就是对教师角色的重新定位,从"主导者"转变为学习者、组织者、引导者等多元整合的教师角色。但是,目前教师在转变角色的过程中,依然存在着严重的教师角色失调现象,影响了教育教学的正常进行。本文在探讨教师角色失调所产生的影响情况下,提出调适教师角色失调的策略。     

借鉴传播效果的相关理论来探讨教师的角色转化

试图运用传播效果的相关理论和方法来探讨教师的角色转换,寻求两者的共通之处,使教师角色理论在传播效果的相关理论和方法中得到某种启示,从而为教师实现新型的角色转换提供一些思路。     

新教学模式下教师角色定位及角色转换

大学英语教学的深刻变革使“教师角色定位及其转换”成为新一轮的研究热点。新的教学模式与教学方法给教学过程中教师的角色扮演带采了前所未有的挑战,专家、学者、学生分别对大学英语教师的角色进行了各自认可的定位。然而,工作在大学英语教学一线的教师自己却存在着不少的困惑。分析了我国大学英语教学新模式下教师角色定位及其转换中所出现的亟待解决的新问题,发现现实与预期还有一定差距,进而提出了解决问题的建议。     

Children's Participation in Evaluating the Role of New Information and Communication Technologies in Schools

The central thesis of the paper is that children should be accorded a greater role in the evaluation of the role of new information technologies in schools, that is, where possible they should be stakeholders who help shape the design, processes and interpretations of evaluation studies as well as informants who provide data for the study. Arguments for this position draw on children's special relationship with the new technologies as well as current movements in children's rights and the development of a new paradigm of childhood studies. The paper finishes with a discussion of some of the issues that might arise from involving children as stakeholders.     

德国职教新教法在我国中职学校中的应用

德国职业教育中的四步教学法、引导提示法和行为导向教学法,目前已在我国中等职业技术学校教学中得到一定程度的应用.根据对上海15所中职学较调查,这些新教学法的引进对学校教学改革起到了积极的促进作用,但具体的应用状况却不尽如人意,其原因在于有许多障碍并非学校或教师自身能力所能克服,因此今后职业教育的教学改革还需要政府部门的大力介入.     

英语语法教学的原则及方法探讨

英语语法课程的教学目前还存在诸多弊端，根据新颁布的英语教学大纲以及相关语言理论和教学理论，我国英语语法教学改革要注意确立新的教学原则，探索新的教学方法。     

ON THE INSTITUTIONAL DEFECT AND ITS CORRECTION OF VENTURE CAPITAL IN CHINA

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