Pause, prompt and praise – peer tutored reading for pupils with learning difficulties

Eila Burns undertook the enquiry that is the subject of this article while studying for her MEd degree at the University of Birmingham. She is now a lecturer in teacher education at Jyvaskyla University of Applied Sciences in Finland. The project she describes here aimed to assess the effectiveness of peer tutoring and the advantages of the structured 'pause, prompt and praise' reading method in improving reading skills among pupils working in Key Stage 4. Action research was undertaken in a secondary level special school catering for pupils with moderate learning difficulties (MLD) in order to explore the benefits of establishing such interventions within special school environment.
The pause, prompt and praise reading sessions were conducted at the beginning of lessons, employing same-age peer tutors and using subject-based texts. The findings reveal that, after a slow start, the tutees' rates of self-correction began to rise, indicating improvements in reading skills. Eila Burns also reports growing skills and confidence in the tutors, suggesting benefits for all involved in the peer tutoring process. She describes, in detail, interesting differences between outcomes for the different tutor-tutee pairings in her work and proposes a number of ways in which her small-scale enquiry could be taken forward. The implications of this study are, however, very encouraging for practitioners considering the use of peer tutoring in their own environments.     

行动研究及其对教师自学、科研和教学的促进作用

文章通过介绍行动研究的概念、特点、实施步骤和相关的注意问题,强调通过行动研宛的实施促进教师自学、科研和教学共同发展。但应注意行动研宛也有一定局限性,应掌握其实质,才能发挥其应有的作用。     

Playing under surveillance: gender,performance and the conduct of the self in a primary school playground

This article offers interpretations of play, in a school playground, where adult regulation and surveillance framed its enactment. Children, well aware of being watched, negotiated this through various forms of play, circumscribed by, but also playing with, adult supervision. The children were also subject to the rules governing particular age cohorts and both age and gender figured significantly in the patterns of play observed. The article argues further that, with a strong institutional emphasis on the divisions of the school day and of playtime itself, children also learnt the habits of shifting – from participation to non-participation and between modes of self-conduct. They thus became accustomed to the demands of frequent emotional and behavioural transitions and to the rhythms of the school’s organisation of time.     

Effects of a rubric for mathematical reasoning on teaching and learning in primary school

Rubrics are assessment tools that help students gain complex competencies. Our quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate whether rubrics help teachers teach and assess mathematical reasoning in primary school and whether such an instrument might support student learning. In two Swiss cantons, 762 students in 44 5th- and 6th-grade primary classes worked on their reasoning competencies, and half of them additionally employed our standards-based rubric. All of the teachers received a 1-day training and participated in the final project evaluation. To standardise and support the teachers during the implementation phase, they received a detailed curriculum. An achievement test and questionnaires for students and teachers were administered before and at the end of the intervention. The results of our quantitative longitudinal analyses indicate that the rubric fosters the teachers’ perceived diagnostic skills but only indirectly impacts their use of formative feedback. Based on the students’ perceptions, however, we observed a direct effect of the rubric on formative feedback and student self-assessment. Effects on students’ outcomes could not be observed, but there are indications of effects mediated by self-regulation and self-efficacy.     

浅谈产学研相结合与高等教育人才培养

产学研相结合的模式对高等教育人才培养具有重要意义．实行产学研相结合的模式,培养符合社会所需要的人才,既是社会发展的需求,也是高等学校自身主动适应社会发展的需要．     

管理专业"酒吧实训"综合性实践课程设置的探讨

通过对饭店管理专业新开设的实践教学课程——“酒吧实训”的课程内容设置、教学体系、教学方法和社会效益的论述，探索饭店管理专业实践教学的新途径。     

Supporting the inclusion of pupils with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties in the primary school: the role of teaching assistants

During the past ten years in the UK there has been a considerable increase in the number of teaching assistants (TAs) appointed to work alongside teachers in schools. A significant number of these colleagues are appointed to support pupils with special educational needs (SEN), including those with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD). This paper reports on the ways in which the role of the teaching assistant in supporting pupils with SEBD has been developed in schools for pupils aged 7–11 years in one English Local Education Authority (LEA). It suggests that there are several models of support emerging and that the role of the teaching assistant is perceived as crucial to the effective inclusion of pupils with SEBD in mainstream classrooms.     

高职产学研合作教育模式的探索与实践

文章介绍了湖北职业技术学院产学研合作教育的几种模式,着重剖析了“围绕专业办产业,办好产业促专业”的专业实体化产学研合作教育模式。     

面向21世纪土地资源管理专业的教学改革与发展

针对土地管理实际工作对人才需求的特点,结合土地资源管理专业教学实践的体会,对面向21世纪土地资源管理专业的教学改革与发展进行了探讨和研究,提出了有关教学改革的措施和发展建设要点。     

应用型软件工程人才培养产学研一体化实训体系建设探索——以梧州学院软件工程人才培养为例

针对软件产业发展对软件工程人才培养提出的新需求,对目前大多数高校培养软件工程人才与社会需求脱节的现象和原因进行分析。论述了应用型软件工程人才培养产学研一体化实训体系的构建,提出软件工程人才产学研实训体系建设应包括课程体系改革、验证性实验室建设、软件项目实训平台构建、科研研发平台建设以及软件应用企业运行体验等全程培养模式,并对梧州学院的建设情况进行实证分析。     

Getting your voice heard and making a difference: using local environmental issues in a primary school as a context for action‐oriented learning

In this study Chris Scrivener explores the experiences of Year 4/5 pupils at Windale School in Oxford who wanted to improve the quality of their local environment and who learned simultaneously about how to make a difference. The article describes the efforts of a primary school to raise awareness in the wider community of the traffic problems outside the school, and to promote action to address these problems. It is an example of the process of action‐oriented learning in the context of a local environmental issue about sustainability.     

The effect of teacher‐led interventions on social and emotional behaviour in primary school children: a systematic review

The purpose of this article is to clarify the role of teacher training initiatives aimed at improving social, emotional and behavioural outcomes of primary school aged children through improved classroom management. Systematic searches were conducted using a range of electronic databases from inception up to September 2011. Included studies were controlled trials that described training provided to teachers in classroom management techniques designed to improve primary school children's behavioural and social outcomes. Study selection and appraisal of quality were carried out by two researchers and a narrative synthesis was carried out. A total of 14 studies were included involving 8 interventions. Results show that statistically significant effects are limited, with only 20 outcomes showing significant effects in the desired direction. Effect sizes ranged from g = ?0.17 (95%CI: ?0.32, ?0.02) to g = 1.88 (95%CI: 0.55, 3.21). Overall, the programmes indicate an improvement in some outcomes of interest. However, further research into the implementation and comparative effectiveness of such programmes is needed before implications for educational policy and practice can be established.     

Designing and implementing a case-based learning environment for enhancing ill-structured problem solving: classroom management problems for prospective teachers

This design-based research study is aimed at two goals: (1) developing a feasible case-based instructional model that could enhance college students’ ill-structured problem solving abilities, while (2) implementing the model to improve teacher education students’ real-world problem solving abilities to deal with dilemmas faced by practicing teachers in elementary classrooms. To achieve these goals, an online case-based learning environment for classroom management problem solving (CBL-CMPS) was developed based on Jonassen’s (in: Reigeluth (ed.) Instructional-Design Theories and Models: A New Paradigm of Instructional Theory, 1999) constructivist learning environment model and the general process of ill-structured problem solving (1997). Two successive studies, in which the effectiveness of the CBL-CMPS was tested while the CBL-CMPS was revised, showed that the individual components of the CBL-CMPS promoted ill-structured problem solving abilities respectively, and that the CBL-CMPS as a whole learning environment was effective to a degree for the transfer of learning in ill-structured problem solving. The potential, challenge, and implications of the CBL-CMPS are discussed.

抓住机遇 深化改革 开创我院教学科研新局面——在内江师范学院首届教学科研工作会上的讲话

讲话分析了内江师院建立后教学科研的基本情况 ,提出了今后教学、科研工作的基本构想和具体步骤及措施。指出我院的办学思路是 :确立本科质量标准 ,全面推进素质教育 ,确保本科育人质量和建立降低管理重心、缩小管理跨度的以教学系为主体的管理体系。     

Literacy assessment that counts: mediating,interpreting and contesting translocal policy in a primary school

In Australia, as in many western education systems over the last two decades, discourses of accountability and performativity have reshaped education policy that has in turn reorganised the work of school leaders and teachers. One of the effects of this reorganisation is increased attention to the production, analysis and display of student achievement data. In this paper we examine in detail a sequence of the production and reading of literacy assessment data in a small Catholic school. Our analysis uses institutional ethnography's concept of the ‘active text’, the text as occurring in a specific place and time even as it is articulated to social relations beyond its immediate context. Through this process we learn from those involved how their everyday work brings into being formalised, textually authorised processes in a local site that ensure the school meets accountability requirements, while enabling teachers to resist standardisation of literacy teaching and assessment.     

发挥"实验"、"实训"两个基地优势开创"产、学、研"三结合办学新路

介绍了广西省几所高职院校将实验室和实训基地有机结合,主动融入地方产业,适应行业发展需求,改革管理体制和教学模式,建设新型的"产、学、研"一体化大基地的做法与效果。     

贵州省毕节地区初中数学特岗教师培训需求调查分析

了解毕节地区初中数学特岗教师对培训的需求,是开展该地区初中数学特岗教师有效培训的前提。本研究主要以问卷调查为主、座谈为辅的方式,获取毕节地区初中数学特岗教师对培训需求的信息,并以调查结果为依据,提出该地区初中数学特岗教师培训的一些建议：应当更加关注特岗教师的培训需求;通过调查结果发现,抽取样本中的大部分特岗教师都希望培训内容包括适合农村学生的典型教学经验、观摩优秀教师的公开课、了解新课改理念、班主任管理方面等;也希望增培训机构在设置培训方式时,应当以研讨的方式进行培训,而不是以专题讲座的方式进行培训。这些建议旨在对贵州师范学院“毕节地区数学特岗教师”培训的效果起到一定的促进作用。     

高职院校物流专业教学与就业结合模式探析

随着物流行业的兴起,掌握物流管理技能的一线“实用型”人才,成为21世纪紧缺人才。在目前激烈的就业竞争中,要培养出具有有较强的就业竞争力的高职物流专业毕业生,物流专业就应明确培养目标,改革教学内容和教学方法,加强理论和实践教学,在课时安排以及就业指导环节上进行科学合理的安排。     

以人才培养目标为导向构建地方高校经管类专业实践教学体系

地方高校经管类专业人才培养目标应定位于技术型应用人才,应注重加强实践性教学环节。然而,当前地方高校经管类专业实践教学仍存在着诸多问题,如实践教学缺乏层次性、整体性、系统性,实践教学形式单一,教师缺乏实践教学的开发意识和能力等等。采用以分组学习法为指导,构建＂四个课堂＂的实践教学体系,可以使学生参与到教学过程之中,能够保证实践教学的有序化和常规化,达到地方高校经管类专业人才培养的目标。