How the web was won … by some

HILJ readers may have encountered the phrase library 2.0 which has polarised librarians, with some sceptical whether library 2.0 offers anything new. Others are confident that the convergence of service goals and ideas with emerging Web 2.0 technologies will lead to a new generation of library services. Andrew Tattersall's article, 'How the Web was Won', belongs in the latter camp. His thesis is that Web 2.0 and Library 2.0 have opened up a whole new world for exploration by information and library professionals. Although the Web has created problems for the modern day explorer, potentially there is a bright future for information professionals if they are to succeed in deploying the resources.     

Providing Off-Campus Library Services by “Team”

Abstract

In contrast to many large academic libraries, Kansas State University (K-State) does not have a distance librarian. As a result, the Library Services Project Team (Team) was formed to take a fresh look at current library services for distance learners. Although the Team has been in place for over two years, and has implemented many changes, there was no mechanism for receiving formal feedback from students and faculty about these services. Because it is important to know whether services are being used, two librarians on the Team developed a Web-based survey targeted at distance faculty and students. This paper discusses the assessment project including development of the survey, the university approval process, use of an electronic in-house survey system, administration of the survey, and compilation and analysis of results.     

Turn‐taking resources employed by congenitally blind conversers

It has been suggested that blind persons lack appropriate communicative social skills. One aspect of social skills is the ability to regulate interaction smoothly. The study examined turn‐taking resources utilized by congenitally blind persons. Conversational Analysis was employed to discover the turn‐taking resources used by six congenitally blind individuals in three dyads (i.e., one male, one female and one mixed dyad). The results were compared with past research on turn‐taking resources utilized by sighted conversers. Overall, the participants utilized the majority of focal resources reported in research on sighted individuals. However, non‐vocal resources deviated from those found in previous research on sighted conversers. Specifically, tactile resources were not used; self‐adaptors, gestures and posture shifts were seldom used; mechanistic movements of the head and atypical use of facial orientation were discovered. Possible implications of these finding are discussed.     

Characterization of organic azo-pigments by pyrolysis–gas chromatography

Abstract

Pyrolysis–gas chromatography was applied to the characterization of synthetic organic pigments. On pyrolysis, azo pigments and phthalocyanine blue yield characteristic fragments. These pyrolysis products were identified, and the mechanism of decomposition was studied. In the case of paint samples, the main pyrolysis products derive from the medium, although the presence of additional peaks enables azo pigments and phthalocyanine blue to be characterized. Some examples of the analysis of artists' paints are given and the peaks are identified. The main limitation of this technique is that it is impossible to detect chemically and thermally stable pigments, or inorganic components.     

New “Starting Points” for Resources by Subject

The objective of the Starting Points Web page series at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT HSC) Libraries is to provide specialized information resources in an organized online format. Highlighted resources include databases, journals, UT HSC campus information, funding sources, PubMed® RSS article feeds, and information about professional associations. This paper discusses the development process, planning, challenges, and outcomes of the Starting Points series.     

Paradise lost? Pacific island archives threatened by climate change

Over the past 10 years, a clear pattern of increasing sea-level rises has been recorded across the Pacific region. As international work progresses on climate change, it is becoming clear that the expected rise of sea levels will have significant impacts upon low-lying islands and nations. Sea-level rises of less than 0.5 m are generally suggested, although some researchers have made more drastic projections. This paper describes the second stage of research into the impacts of climate change upon the national archival collections in low-lying Pacific islands and nations. This article follows on the argument that archival collection relocation will be necessary and sets the boundaries for further research. It will summarize current research into climate change models and predicted sea-level rises, identify Pacific islands and nations that will be the focus of detailed further research by setting a range of research boundaries based on the known geography of nations within the Pacific, arguing for a specific measurement of “low-elevation”, outlining other risk factors likely to affect the survival of threatened national archival collections and naming those islands and nations that are thus deemed to be at greatest risk of flooding and thus likely to need to relocate their archives. The goal is to demonstrate how archivists might inform the governmental policy in threatened islands and nations as well as what other nations might do to offer assistance.     

Would it be possible to increase the Hirsch-index, π-index or CDS-index by increasing the number of publications or citations only by unity?

The aim of the study is to explore the effects of the increase in the number of publications or citations on several impact indicators by a single journal paper or citation. The possible change of the h-index, A-index, R-index, π-index, π-rate, Journal Paper Citedness (JPC), and Citation Distribution Score (CDS) is followed by models. Particular attention is given to the increase of the indices by a single plus citation. The results obtained by the “successively built-up indicator” model show that with increasing number of citations or self-citations the indices may increase substantially.     

Estimating deep web data source size by capture–recapture method

This paper addresses the problem of estimating the size of a deep web data source that is accessible by queries only. Since most deep web data sources are non-cooperative, a data source size can only be estimated by sending queries and analyzing the returning results. We propose an efficient estimator based on the capture–recapture method. First we derive an equation between the overlapping rate and the percentage of the data examined when random samples are retrieved from a uniform distribution. This equation is conceptually simple and leads to the derivation of an estimator for samples obtained by random queries. Since random queries do not produce random documents, it is well known that the traditional methods by random queries underestimate the size, i.e., those estimators have negative bias. Based on the simple estimator for random samples, we adjust the equation so that it can handle the samples returned by random queries. We conduct both simulation studies and experiments on corpora including Gov2, Reuters, Newsgroups, and Wikipedia. The results show that our method has small bias and standard deviation.     

Listener‐member perceptions of marketing strategies employed by public radio stations

This study measured the attitudes of public radio listener‐contributors regarding listener‐focused marketing strategies used by public radio stations. Four hundred forty‐two questionnaires from Northern Colorado and Central Michigan were returned. Overall, respondents expressed a positive attitude toward on‐air fund‐raising. Although they held a slightly negative opinion of on‐air pledge appeals, these negative responses were offset by positive responses about the perceived need for such fund‐raising. Respondents appreciated receiving direct mail from their radio station, but were strongly opposed to telephone contacts. They also agreed that underwriting announcements sound more like commercials than in the past.     

The Controlled Digital Lending Model by Libraries in the Digital Transformation北大核心

Controlled Digital Lending(CDL) is a new model by which libraries digitize materials in their collection and make them available for controlled lending. CDL was initially introduced 10 years ago and has been developed quickly after 2020. This paper sorts out the concept and development of CDL, and divides the process of CDL into embryonic stage(2011-2017), exploratory stage(2018-2019) and development stage (2020 to present). In the embryonic stage, although there were related research and attempts, the specific concept of CDL had not been formed and the practice was not enough. In the exploratory stage, the concept and core principles of CDL had been defined and received plenty of attention in the American library community. During the development stage, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought opportunities for CDL to globalize, and CDL is supported by the library circle around the world. This paper analyzes the feasibility of CDL according to the relevant laws and regulations in the United States, Europe and the international community. In the United States, CDL is mainly based on the principle of first sale doctrine and fair use; in Europe, CDL is mainly related to relevant directives and copyright restrictions and exceptions; among the international community, CDL basically complies with the relevant provisions of the three-step test. This paper summarizes the status quo and specific operation mode of CDL practice abroad, in the hope of providing suggestions for the specific practice of CDL in Chinese university libraries. The authors sort out the official website documents of well-known foreign library organizations and CDL tool development institutions, summarize foreign practical cases of CDL, and analyze related application cases in foreign university libraries and CDL tool. This paper discusses the legal possibility of implementing CDL in China. A further review of relevant domestic laws has found that, although the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China only stipulates 12 acts that can use works without permission and remuneration, the court can still determine that the mode of CDL constitutes fair use based on the general provisions of the fair use in dealing with cases related to CDL. Lastly, this paper points out that China’s libraries, especially university libraries, shall limit the books types, reasonably apply CDL tools, actively cooperate with publisher, and build the platform of digital lending resources sharing to promote the digital services transformation of physical library in CDL way. 38 refs. © 2023, Editorial Office of Journal of Library Science in China. All rights reserved.     

Can information ethics be conceptualized by using the core/periphery model?

The term ‘information ethics’ (IE) is rapidly diversifying as new technologies enter the milieu and add to already existing ‘entanglements’. Unsurprisingly, the term lacks a universally accepted definition, although there is some common ground as to its constitution. This paper explores the term using the most commonly co-occurring terms in IE literature as indexed in nine databases, namely the EBSCO-hosted Academic Search Premier (ASP); Communication and Mass Media Complete; ERIC; Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA); Newspaper Complete; Business Premier; and Master File Premier, and Wilson's Library Literature and Information Science (LLIS) Full Text. Core/periphery analysis, the co-occurrence of words as subject terms, and social network techniques were applied using UCINET for Windows, text STAT and Bibexcel computer-aided software to analyze data. The paper identifies the most common terms used to describe IE and the core terms with which IE can be defined. Other than informing LIS research and education, the results could potentially assist with the development of IE taxonomy and definitions (e.g. in understanding IE content and development) that may apply to the intercultural and global understanding of IE.     

To achieve editor＇s effective learning by all kinds of accessible resources

结合《中国药房》编辑部学习实践,归纳有效的“给力”学习方法,其中包括集体学习《编辑学报》,参加中国药房杂志社组织的专题会、集体讨论审稿会意见和实地观摩学习等。各种学习方法的采用提高了编辑的审稿能力和期刊的编校质量。     

Factors Influencing the Adoption of HD Radio™ by Local Radio Station Managers

A sample of 114 radio stations measured attitudes toward the adoption of HD Radio? and found that stations that have gone digital were motivated the most by 2 of 5 identified factors: image enhancement and programming considerations. The lesser factors were competition, revenue, and cost. The study also examined the relation between risk and survival. The data confirmed the importance of managerial attitudes toward disruptive technologies and their relation to image, programming, and competition.