Book of the Month

Albert Namurois, Structures and Organization of Broadcasting in the Framework of Radiocommunication (Geneva, Switzerland: European Broadcasting Union, (Centre International, 1 Rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20), 1972—15 SF (or about $5.00 depending on current rate of exchange),(paper) which is the latest in the decade-old Legal and Administrative Monographs Series.     

Foreign Media

Robert E. Babe's Cable Television and Telecommunications in Canada: An Economic Analysis (East Lansing: Micigan State University Graduate School of Business Administration, 1975— $7.50, paper)

Manry Lisann's Broadcasting to the Soviet Union: International Politics and Radio (New York: Praeger Special Studies, 1975—$16.50)     

International Communication

Richard R. Colino's The INTELSAT Definitive Arrangements: Ushering in a New Era on Satellite Telecommunications Geneva, Switzerland: European Broadcasting Union, 1973—about $5.00, paper)

Keith Geddes' Broadcasting in Britain: 1922-1972 (London: Science Museum, 1972—$1.50, paper)

Milton Shulman's The Least Worst Television in the World (London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1973— $7.15)     

Foreign Communications

Yonah Alexander's The Role of Communications in the Middle East Conflict: Ideological and Religious Aspects (new York: Praeger Special Studies, 1974—$17.50)

Paul Hartmann and Charles Husband's Racism and the Mass Media: A Study of the role of the Mass Media in the formation of White Beliefs and Attitudes in Britain (Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield, l974—$13.50)

Towards Modern Management in Radio and Television: International Colloquy European Broadcasting Union, 1 rue de Varembe, CH-1211, Geneva 20 Switzerland—$2.00, paper)

In Search (Information Canada, 171 Slater St., Ottawa KiA 0S9 Canada—quarterly, $2.50 per year)     

Foreign and International Media

Allan M. Winkler's The Politics of Propaganda: The Office of War Information, 1942-1945 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1978—$11.95)

46. Mass News Media and the Third World Challenge by Leonard R. Sussman (80 pp.)

49. International News and the American Media by Barry Rubin (71 pp.)

Kees Van Der Haak and Joanna Spicer's Broadcasting in the Netherlands (London and Boston: Routledge &; Kegan Paul, 1977—$7.95, paper)

Tomo Martelanc, et al. External Radio Broadcasting and International Understanding: Broadcasting to Yugoslavia (Paris: Unesco/ New York: Unipub, 1977—$2.75, paper)

John A. Lent's Asian Mass Communications: A Comprehensive Bibliography-1977 Supplement (School of Communications, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. 19122—$25.00 1 paper)     

Legal notes

At some time in the future it may be that broadcasting will become a profession with an agreed upon preparatory course of study. At the present time, not only is there a lack of uniformity in course offerings and content, but there is no substantial agreement as to whether broadcasting is or even should be a profession. (In this connection, the recent proposals by William Chambliss in the September 18 issue of Broadcasting looking toward professional standards, education and licencing for advertising practitioners become particularly intriguing.)

Most encouraging however is the interest shown by teachers of broadcasting whenever they assemble for discussion of their common problems. In the following report, Professor Sherman P. Lawton, author of The Modern Broadcaster and coordinator of Broadcasting Instruction at the University of Oklahoma describes the questions raised (but not settled) at two recent meetings: a colloquium on the beginning course in broadcasting held as part of the “Annual Radio‐TV Conference and Clinic” in March 1961 at the University of Oklahoma, and a APBE‐sponsored session at the April meeting of the Institute for Education by Radio‐Television in Columbus.     

An association of soviet‐sphere broadcasters: The international radio and television organization

Although American broadcasters are conscious of the role of the North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement, it may well be that few realize the existence of other regional broadcasting agreements and bodies, with different functions, and cast into a different mold. One such body is the International Radio and Television Organization (OIRT) which coordinates the broadcast activities of nations within or allied in varying degree to the sphere of influence of the USSR.     

A national survey of NAB member stations' support of broadcasting education

In the Spring of 1962 the Journal of Broadcasting published a “Directory of Scholarships for Students of Broadcasting” an amalgamation of compilations by Gordon Greb (for the Council on Radio‐Television Journalism of the Association for Education in Journalism and the Radio‐Television News Directors Association) and Sidney Kraus (for the Association for Professional Broadcasting Education). This directory, although listing scholarships worth more than a quarter million dollars, named fewer than 30 as coming from broadcasting stations, group ownership, or state broadcaster associations. In the compilation that follows, even though it is restricted to NAB member stations, more than 90 stations report granting scholarships to students of broadcasting. Surely, this represents a vast increase in the amount of student aid and recognition, and not merely underreporting on the earlier survey.

The following study had its genesis in a discussion between Dr. Kraus and Howard Bell, then vice‐president for Planning and Development and Assistant to the President of the National Association of Broadcasters and Executive Secretary of the Association for Professional Broadcasting Education (now Director of the NAB Code Authority). The NAB sent the questionnaires to its membership; Dr. Kraus compiled the results. Although Dr. Kraus and his associates made several checks on the data, it is possible that some errors remain, for which the Journal apologizes in advance. The following data apply to NAB member stations as of early 1963, and do not of course detail the financial support given broadcasting students by all of America's broadcasting stations. Some changes in format were made by the Journal staff, and some minor data (notably the number of stations responding from certain states and the call letters of stations approached by schools for scholarships in some states) are presently unavailable due to the change in location by Dr. Kraus from Bloomington, Indiana (where he was Assistant Professor in the Department of Radio and Television at Indiana University) to Chicago (where he recently assumed the title of Assistant to the President of Roosevelt University).     

Censor and sensibility: A content analysis of the television censor's comments

The position of network censor, whatever the title appended to the job, is one of particular sensitivity. To the industry as a whole, he acts to forstall the program material that could cause criticism of the network, station, sponsor or program. A writer who feels that his work has been needlessly mutilated has a different conception of the role of the network censor. The public is largely unaware of his existence.

The pamphlet by the author of the present article, Taste and the Censor in Television (published by the Fund for the Republic, 1959, as an Occasional Paper on the role of the mass media in the free society), was the first major attempt to define the place of the censor. Another article of interest was George Gerbner's “Mental Illness on Television: A Study of Censorship” (Journal of Broadcasting, Vol. III, No. 4, Fall, 1959.)

The article that follows is intended to convey the flavor of the censor's work, and provide an adequate introduction to this important phase of broadcasting self‐regulation and management. It is possibly the only study of the broadcasting executive as a decision‐maker. As such, it should be of extreme interest to anyone in the creative and the business ends of broadcasting.     

News Talk: Investigating the Language of Journalism

The “topless radio”; phenomenon was briefly widespread— and controversy about such formats continues to appear. This article reviews two important FCC decisions, Sonderling (WGLD‐FM), and Pacifica (WBAI‐FM), to discern and describe FCC policy trends and attempts to define just what obscenity and indecency is and what standards for broadcasting should exist. Dr. Feldman is on the speech faculty at Denison University (Ohio), while Dr. Tickton teaches mass communication and speech at, respectively, Norfolk State College and Old Dominion University, both in Virginia.     

The “red lion”; decision

The decision of the Supreme Court last June in the “Red Lion”; and “RTNDA”; cases is the most important decision on broadcasting from SCOTUS in many years. On this fact communications attorneys, members of the FCC, editorial writers, teachers, and the Vice President of the U. S. can all agree. To make this landmark decision more readily available, the Journal is providing below most of the verbatim text of the decision. In the interests of conserving space, some minor marked deletions have been made.

The full title of this case is: “Red Lion Broadcasting Co., Inc., etc., et al, Petitioners, v Federal Communications Commission et al. (No. 2)—United States et al. Petitioners, v Radio Television News Directors Association, et al. (No. 717).”; It was argued April 2 and 3, 1969, and decided June 9, 1969, with Mr. Justice White delivering the opinion of the Court. The precise legal citations from the court reporting systems are not yet available.     

International and Foreign Media

W. Phillips Davison's Mass Communication and Conflict Resolution: The Role of the Information Media in the Advancement of International Understanding (New York: Praeger Special Studies, 1974—price not known, but about $12.00)

EBU—25 Years (Geneva: EBU, 1974—price not known)

Sydney W. Head and Lois Beck's The Bibliography of African Broadcasting: An Annotated Guide (Philadelphia: School of Communications and Theater of Temple University, 1974—$2.00, paper)

Rural Broadcasting in Dahomey (Rome: Food and Agricultural Organization [of the United Nations] released in this country by Unipub Inc., P.O. Box 433, New York, N.Y. 10016—$5.00 for filmstrip and accompanying illustrated booklet of text)

1974 Report to the President and the Congress (Washington: Communications Satellite Corporation, 950 L'Enfant Plaza, Washington D.C. 20024—free on request, along with earlier versions of the annual review)

Jacques Moussear (general editor) Les Communications de Masse: L'Univers des Mass Media (Paris: Hachette, 1972—about $12.55)     

Cable and New Media

Cable Television in Canada ((January 1971)

Public Announcement: The Integration of Cable Television in the Canadian Broadcasting System (February 26, 1971)

Canadian Broadcasting “A Single System”: Policy Statement on Cable Television (July 16, 1971)

Joseph Newman (directing editor), Wiring the World: The Explosion in Communications (Washington, D.C.: U.S. News & World Report, 1971—$2.95, paper)

Herbert W. Meyer's A History of Electricity and Magnetism (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1971—$10.00)     

Broadcasting‐film academic budgets: 1971–72

As a supplement to the standard “Niven list”; (which follows in this issue), the Journal offers here a look at the finances of many of the broadcasting‐film departments detailed by Niven. Based on budgets for the 1971–72 academic year, Bensman and Futrell provide data on four‐year colleges and universities offering broadcasting and/or film degrees. Dr. Marvin Bensman is assistant professor of speech at Memphis State University while James Futrell is a graduate assistant in the same department.     

Books on broadcasting in the library of congress: Programming and audience research

Because advertising is the bread‐and‐butter of broadcasting in the United States, any attempt to limit the number and length of commercials is, bound to meet with strong opposition. One such unsuccessful attempt was made by the FCC only four years ago, but already memories of the events and maneuverings that swirled around this proposal are fading. Lawrence D. Longley investigated this topic in connection with his doctoral dissertation on “The Politics of Broadcasting” which is nearing completion at Vanderbilt University. Mr. Longley is instructor in the Department of Government at Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin.     

4. GENERAL COMMUNICATION

INTERNA TIONAL COMMUNICATION: HISTORY, CONFLICT, AND CONTROL OF THE GLOBAL METROPOLIS by Robert S. Fortner (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993—price not given, ISBN 0–534–190–92–8, 390 pp.)

CNN WORLD REPORT: TED TURNER'S INTERNATIONAL NEWS COUP by Don M. Flournoy (London: John Libbey “Academia Research Monograph 9,” 1992—price not given, ISBN 0–86196–359–8, 102 pp.)

THENEWTELEVISIONINEUROPE by Alessandro Silj (London: John Libbey, 1992—about $110, ISBN 0–86196–361 ‐X, 800 pp.)

GLOBAL GLASNOST: TOWARD A NEW WORLD INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ORDER by Johan Galtung and Richard C. Vincent (Hampton Press, 23 Broadway, Suite 208, Cresskill, NJ 07626—$42.50/18.50, ISBN 1 ‐881303–31–4 hard, 1–881303–32–2 paper, 288 pp.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CUBAN MASS COMMUNICATIONS compiled by John A. Lent (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992—$65.00, ISBN 0–313–28455–5, 384 pp.)

BIBLIOGRAPHIC GUIDE TO CARIBBEAN MASS COMMUNICATION compiled by John A. Lent (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992—$59.95, ISBN 0–313–28210–2, 320 pp.)

PASSPORT TO WORLD BAND RADIO 1993 (International Broadcasting Services, Box 300, Penn's Park, PA 18943— $16.95, paper, ISBN 0–914941–40–2, 416 pp.)

SATELLITE TELEVISION IN WESTERN EUROPE by Richard Collins (London: John Libbey, 1992‐about $30, ISBN 0–86196–388–1, ISSN 0956–9057, 129 pp.)

PACIFIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS COUNCIL FIFTEENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS edited by James G. Savage and Dan J. Wedemeyer (PTC, 2454 South Beretania St., Suite 302, Honolulu, HI: 96826‐price not given, paper, two vols, ISBN 1 ‐880672–04–9,1064 pp.)     

Telecommunications

Lawrence W. Lichty and Malachi C. Topping (eds.) American Broadcasting: A Sourcebook on the History of Radio and Television (New York: Hastings House, 1975—$26.50/15.00)

Raymond Flower and Michael Wynn Jones' Lloyd's of London: An Illustrated History (New York: Hastings House, 1974—$15.00)

S. Young Lee and Ronald J. Pedone's Status Report on Public Broadcasting 1973 (Washington: Corporation for Public Broadcasting and HEW, 1974—no price given)

Donald J. Bogue's The Radio Audience for Classical Music: The Case of Station WEFM, Chicago (Chicago: University of Chicago Community and Family Study Center Communication Laboratory, 1973—$2.00, paper)

A Report by the Norman [Oklahoma] Cable Communications Commission (write to Mr. Martin Bernert, Norman Cable Communications Commission, 111 North Peters, P.O. Box 370, Norman, Okla. 73069—$20.00, paper)     

The broadcasters’ duty to editorialize

No matter how many years a person has worked in the broadcasting industry, he can only become acquainted with the organizational structure of a very limited number of stations—and his knowledge of these stations goes rapidly out of date. Although there are basic similarities in most stations—the division into programming, engineering, administrative, and sales for example— it would be unusual to find two stations with exactly the same functions, problems, and personnel. The need to know some of the variations of station organization is particularly acute among those students and others who are planning to find employment for the first time in a particular type or size of station. To assist these individuals, their teachers, and all those interested in broadcast management, the following report on some “typical” and atypical stations was prepared.

Both Lawrence W. Lichty and Joseph M. Ripley earned their Ph.D. degrees at The Ohio State University, and have contributed to the Journal of Broadcasting a number of times in the past. At the time this research was conducted they were Assistant and Associate Professor respectively in the Department of Speech at the University of Wisconsin. As of the fall of 1967, Dr. Lichty will be Associate Professor at Wisconsin and Dr. Ripley will be Chairman of the Department of Radio‐Television‐Film at the University of Kentucky.     

6. FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL

TELECOM REFORM: PRINCIPLES, POLICIES AND REGULATORY PRACTICES by edited by William H. Melody (Lyngby, Denmark: Den private Ingeniørfond, Technical University of Denmark, 1997‐$39.00, paper, ISBN 7–7381–071–1, 557 pp., tables figures notes, index, glossary, appendix)

RADIO CANADA INTERNATIONAL: VOICE OF A MIDDLE POWER by James L. Hall (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, “Canadian Series No. 7,”; 1997—$24.95, paper, ISBN 0–87013–420–5, 295 pp., photos, notes, appendices, bibliography, index)

BITS ACROSS BORDERS: POLICY CHOICES FOR INTERNATIONAL MULTIMEDIA AND DIGITAL SERVICES: A Report of the Second Annual Aspen Institute Roundtable on International Telecommunications, Berlin, Germany, June 19–22, 1996, by Kenneth G. Robinson and Charles M. Firestone (Queenstown, MD: The Aspen Institute, 1997—$10.00, ISBN 0–89843–208–1, 55 pp., appendix)

IT'S A WIRED WORLD by Anne C. Leer (Oslo: Scandinavian University Press [Universitetsforlaget], 1996—L27.50, ISBN 82–00–42310–7, 188 pp., figures, appendices, notes, glossary)

THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF COMMUNICATION: RETHINKING AND RENEWAL by Vincent Mosco (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1996—$39.95/13.95, ISBN 0–8039–8560–6 hard, 0–8039–8561–4 paper, 320 pp., figures, tables, notes, index)

EBU YEARBOOK 1997 (Geneva: European Broadcasting Union, 1997—free by contacting the EBU, no ISSN given, 52 pp., tables, charts, photos)

LIVE, DIRECT AND BIASED? MAKING TELEVISION NEWS IN THE SATELLITE AGE by Brent MacGregor (London: Arnold/New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997—prices not given, ISBN 0–340–66224–7 hard, 0–340–66225–5 paper, 234 pp., table, references, index)

GLOBAL INFORMATION AND WORLD COMMUNICATION: NEW FRONTIERS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS by Hamid Mowlana (London: Sage, 1997 [2nd ed.] $29.95, ISBN 0–7619–5256‐X hard, ISBN 0–7619–5257–8 soft, 270 pp., figures, selected bibliography, index)     

Books of the Month: A Bunch on Broadcasting

Michael J. Nyhan (ed.) The Future of Public Broadcasting (New York: Praeger Special Studies, 1976—$19.95/6.95)

Elizabeth J. Heighton and Don R. Cunningham's Advertisin in the Broadcast Media (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1976-412.95)

Ruth Thomas' Broadcasting and Democracy in France (London: Crosby Lockwood Staples, 1976—E6.00, or about $12.00) Arthur Williams' Broadcasting and Democracy in West Germany (London: Crosby Lockwood Staples, 1976—E6.00, or about $12.00)