Impact of Popularity Indications on Readers' Selective Exposure to Online News

Selecting news online may differ from traditional news choices, as most formal importance indicators in traditional media do not convert directly to online news. However, online portals feature news recommendations based on collaborative filtering. To investigate how recommendations affect information choices, 93 participants browsed online news that featured explicit (average rating) or implicit (times viewed) recommendations or no recommendations (control group) while news exposure was logged. Participants picked more articles if the portal featured explicit recommendations, and stronger explicit recommendations instigated longer exposure to associated articles. Implicit recommendations produced a curvilinear effect with longer exposure for low and high numbers.     

Using Open-Source Tools to Measure Online Selective Exposure in Naturalistic Settings

Measuring audiences’ selective exposure to media content in naturalistic settings constitutes a methodological challenge that has only partly been resolved. We present a new methodological approach that is based on the open-source web analytics software Piwik. This method allows for the tracking of selective exposure and facilitates the integration of selective exposure data with online survey data. To ease data handling, we created a plug-in turning Piwik into a scientific research tool. After discussing the theoretical and methodological background of collecting data on user selections, we provide step-by-step instructions on the integration of Piwik with online content, survey software, and the merging of tracking and survey data. Finally, we discuss research applications, advantages, and limitations of the new research tool.     

图书馆定题服务法律问题研究

图书馆开展的定题服务不仅存在著作权风险,而且与保密法、合同法等关系密切.图书馆必须重视定题服务中的相关法律问题,并采取适当措施规避可能的法律风险.参考文献4.     

Caught in the Act: Measuring Selective Exposure to Experimental Online Stimuli

Several techniques are available to measure an individual's selective exposure to online content, but only a few investigations have examined actual selective exposure to online stimuli experimentally generated and manipulated. We discuss a successfully implemented approach specifically developed for this purpose. By providing researchers with a combined record of observational selective exposure data and self-report data, the approach we describe here offers selective exposure investigators the opportunity to examine the joint impact of media content features and media user characteristics on selective exposure. Its theoretical and methodological foundations, applicability for a wide array of research questions, and the limitations of this approach are discussed.     

PharmGuide: Your Guide to Free Online Drug Information

PharmGuide <http://goo.gl/f14Me>is an annotated directory of high quality, freely available, online drug information resources intended for use by librarians, pharmacists, and the public. Given the plethora of drug information websites with varying levels of authoritativeness and accuracy, PharmGuide is intended to facilitate the search for resources by providing links to only those sources that have been critically appraised and that meet specific quality criteria. Methods used in developing the site, evidence of its utility based on usage statistics, and examples of its application in practice are presented within the context of the drug information landscape.     

信息价值测度的注意力模型

本文首先分析了信息社会中注意力和信息的关系 ,认为信息社会缺乏的不是“信息” ,而是获得注意力的有价值的信息。进而 ,分析了注意力的特性 ,并且认为注意力可以作为衡量信息的手段。通过对注意力的特性进行公式化描述 ,并且利用信息社会的基本规律 ,本文提出了信息价值测度的注意力模型     

注意力资源与图书馆信息服务

信息社会存在着信息的相对过剩 ,使注意力成为稀缺资源。注意力资源是信息利用和信息服务中不可忽视的因素 ,也是图书馆开展信息服务新的着力点 ,提出了公共图书馆开展注意力资源开发工作的一些思考和启发。参考文献 2。     

档案信息化建设中应注意的几个问题

随着“十五”期间《全国档案信息化建设纲要》的出台，档案信息化建设已逐渐成为档案部门的重头戏。特别是随着档案部门信息化建设被写进了市县级综合档案馆的目标责任书，且占了一定的分数后，我们这个经济相对落后的省份，也掀起了一阵不大不小的信息化建设浪潮。购置了多少计算机、复印机、扫描仪等现代化设备，成了我们年终总结中值得自豪，够得上单列的一条，浓墨重彩描绘一番的大事。无疑，信息化建设对于我们是姗姗来迟，但已势不可挡地成为我们不能回避的主题。尽管信息化建设是我们耳熟能详的东西，然而，真要操作起来，还是感到“手生”，存在不少的问题。     

Segmenting the Electorate: The Effects of Exposure to Political Extremism Online

The Internet provides people with an opportunity to preselect the ideological perspective of the political content they encounter, allowing them to fragment themselves into narrow interest groups and ultimately polarize along ideological lines. This study seeks to test the extremism portion of the fragmentation thesis: that if individuals sort into cocoons of homogeneous perspectives their attitudes will polarize and greater political extremism will result. A random sample of students was exposed to one of four experimental conditions: ideologically homogeneous and highly conservative media, ideologically homogenous and highly liberal content, moderate content, and a condition that included media from each of the three prior conditions. The results demonstrated that exposure to ideological homogeneity did drive attitude extremism in the conservative condition but not in the liberal condition. The moderate condition reduced extremism and the mixed condition demonstrated no significant attitude change. This article concludes that, given media fragmentation, greater extremism is possible. However, this result was only evident in the conservative condition.     

关注法规学习法规研究法规实践法规——写在《信息网络传播权保护条例》颁布施行之时

简要回顾了《信息网络传播权保护务例》的出台过程．介绍了中国图书馆学会围绕信息网络传播权立法采取的行动和提出的建议，分析了《信息网络传播权保护条例》第七条的主要内容，提出图书馆界的应对措施。     

Using Online Tutorials to Reduce Uncertainty in Information Seeking Behavior

ABSTRACT

Uncertainty is defined as affective symptoms of stress, anxiety, and frustration when faced with an information need. Traditional face-to-face instruction allows sender and receiver to fulfill information needs using multiple sources, which can be visual, auditory, tactile, or verbal. Distance learners may experience high levels of uncertainty when most or all of the communication and interaction takes place in an electronic environment that does not allow for these multiple information sources. Research on face-to-face communication and uncertainty suggests that people attempt to reduce uncertainty by acquiring more information and also by using structured or familiar information resources. This paper suggests that many of our behavioral motivations in face-to-face activities would also apply in the online environment. By creating online tutorials that combine structured hierarchical instructions with familiar modes of communication, we may be able to reduce symptoms of uncertainty in the library search process.     

网络环境下经济信息资源利用中存在的问题与对策

论述了网络环境下我国经济信息资源利用中存在的信息量大、费用高、检索工具功能不完善等几个问题，并从一个普通的经济信息检索者的角度提出了可以采取的解决办法。     

Bringing Scale and Structure to the Online Information Literacy Program

This case study provides insights into how one academic library scaled and structured its information literacy program for a rapidly growing online learning division. Particular attention is paid to strategies for reaching learners who bypass portions of the liberal studies requirements and techniques for designing information literacy modules taught by the instructor of record. This case study demonstrates how this library’s online information literacy program reached a new population of student while creating efficiencies with staff time. Attention is also paid to aspects of the program still under development, such as additional modules and a comprehensive assessment strategy.     

检索课网上备课的切入技术要点

在高等学校图书馆普及网络的形势下,检索课实施网络检索成为当前的热点之一,检索课教师应深入网点,瞄准可检数据库,寻找检索规律,切入技术要点,为讲课和指导检索操作立案,使检索课步入信息快车道。     

Leveraging Learning Outcomes to Build an Online Information Literacy Tool

This exploratory study applies reflective practice to analyze the role of learning outcomes in developing an online information literacy tutorial. [web address] is a set of ten open access modules that build graduate-level academic literacies and research skills. At the heart of the modules is a set of rigorously crafted learning outcomes that provide the foundational structure on which the self-paced tool is built. Using Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle, this study traces how learning outcomes framed an iterative four-stage design process. Drawing on these findings, we offer considerations for teams developing online learning tools for information literacy and research skills.     

The Online Government Information Movement

Abstract

The National Commission on Libraries and Information Science published recommendations for a national information policy in 1976, and concerns regarding the protection of privacy and equal public access to online information were introduced. From the mid 1970s to the early 1990s, federal government agencies were beginning to publish materials and maintain records electronically. Most current U.S. government information was available on the Internet by the late 1990s, and depository libraries were required to provide workstations that would facilitate access to documents. Documents librarians, already concerned with the lack of attention to archiving online federal information, were provided with an example of the vulnerability of online publications in the early 2000s when federal agency Web sites were made inaccessible-quickly and easily. The possibility that too much government information was available to anyone with access to the Internet was becoming a national concern. Using government documents as resources, this article retraces the events that were occurring in federal government agencies during the movement of government information to the Internet.     

Hardwired for News: Affective Intelligence and Political Attention

Research on citizens’ inattentiveness to political news has built a theoretical base for understanding political judgment in the American electorate. The research, however, has a strong cognitive orientation with surprisingly little attention to the dynamic interaction between emotional and attentional factors. To broaden our understanding of these potential emotional influences, we assessed levels of enthusiasm, anger/aversion, and anxiety in response to brief summaries of 50 news stories of diverse character and provenance selected to be representative of quotidian news. The analysis reveals dramatic variation across news stories and across subjects responding to the same story on all 3 emotional dimensions. We also examine an unexpected inverse correlation between education and level of emotional response to news.     

Media Logic and Political Logic Online and Offline

One aspect of the mediatization of politics is the idea that political actors adapt to the communication logic of news media to gain, for example, news media attention. Currently, this process may be influenced by the diffusion of the internet as a political communication channel, especially because online communication provides a new opportunity for political actors to communicate directly with citizens. Thus far, the adaptation to media logic by political parties has mainly been examined in the context of election campaigns. In order to transfer these findings to regular political communication, this study compares the use of media logic in the mass media and in direct political communication channels online and offline about the United Nations Climate Change Conferences 2011 and 2012. A quantitative content analysis of the conference protocols (input) and the presentation of the conference results in the seven most frequently used German offline news outlets (print and TV) and their online counterparts, as well as political offline and online communication channels like parliamentary speeches and websites of the six parties represented in the German parliament (output), was conducted. Results show that in the context of regular political communication, political actors seem to follow media logic to a lesser extent than in the context of election campaigns. Thus far, the influence of online communication on the mediatization of politics seems to be rather marginal. The causes and consequences of these findings are discussed.     

The Internet and Online Political Communities in Singapore

The emergence and the widespread adoption of the Internet have brought about many dramatic changes on different levels. Due to its inherent characteristics, the Internet has become an engine of political mobilization and participation, and has led to the proliferation of online communities. Few studies examine how political groups use the Internet to build communities and forge alliances in cyberspace, and this study attempts to bridge this gap. Registered political parties and political expression groups in Singapore were selected for this study. Through hyperlink analysis, the study shows that reciprocity and similarity, two main characteristics observed in online communities, were found in the groupings formed by these political groups. Interestingly, most of the online affiliations that exist among these groups reflect those offline.