E-book usage in an academic library: User attitudes and behaviors

This paper presents the results of a large scale survey designed to investigate usage patterns and library patron attitudes toward e-books. The survey reveals a university community's discovery and knowledge of e-books, their likes and dislikes about book content in electronic format as opposed to print, and their predictions of how they will use electronic and print book materials in the future. The survey shows that acceptance of e-books has reached a level where they have become an important library service. The results, based on a study conducted in collaboration with Springer, break down e-book awareness and attitudes into faculty, graduate student, and undergraduate student constituent groups. Additionally, statistics are presented to complement the survey results by showing that the usage of e-book content at the University of Illinois is increasing at a rapid pace.¹     

Impact of the VCR on control of television viewing

Familial control of television viewing in light of the introduction of the videocassette recorder (VCR) was examined by: asking sets of parents and children about their use of VCRs and television, determining differences in these perceptions, and relating family demographics to use and control. In‐home interviews with 110 families found agreement on who chooses the programs to be watched. Some differences were noted, however, between parents’ and children's perceptions of how the viewing situation is controlled.     

Social scientists' data reuse behaviors: Exploring the roles of attitudinal beliefs,attitudes, norms,and data repositories

Many disciplines within the social sciences have a dynamic culture of sharing and reusing data. Because social science data differ from data in the hard sciences, it is necessary to explicitly examine social science data reuse. This study explores the data reuse behaviors of social scientists in order to better understand both the factors that influence those social scientists' intentions to reuse data and the extent to which those factors influence actual data reuse. Using an integrated theoretical model developed from the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the technology acceptance model (TAM), this study provides a broad explanation of the relationships among factors influencing social scientists' data reuse. A total of 292 survey responses were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings suggest that social scientists' data reuse intentions are directly influenced by the subjective norm of data reuse, attitudes toward data reuse, and perceived effort involved in data reuse. Attitude toward data reuse mediated social scientists' intentions to reuse data, leading to the indirect influence of the perceived usefulness and perceived concern of data reuse, as well as the indirect influence of the subjective norm of data reuse. Finally, the availability of a data repository indirectly influenced social scientists' intentions to reuse data by reducing the perceived effort involved.     

Media Functionality and the Principle of Relative Constancy: An Explanation of the VCR Aberration

The introduction and diffusion of the videocassette recorder (VCR) coincided with an increase in consumer spending on mass media as a proportion of gross national product. This article attempts to explain this apparent aberration to the principle of relative constancy by analyzing both the pattern of consumer expenditures on all mass media and the functionality of the VCR in relation to other media. An examination of audience needs and uses of the VCR suggests that the VCR offers a range of functions that implicate both mass communication and interpersonal communication. Thus, the VCR is both a functional competitor and a functional complement to existing mass media. The implications for the study of new media include a suggestion that functional analysis of media may provide an additional explanatory power for the mechanism of consumer spending on mass media.     

论国有文物的国家所有权——对文物单位所有权与经营权分离现象的质疑

近年来，一些地方为了发展旅游业，促进地方经济的发展，以所谓“所有权和经营权分离”的名义，擅自改变文物单位的管理体制，把国家和全民所有的文物当作地方经济资源，将之纳入到旅游企业进行市场化经营。有的以“合署办公”的名义将文物单位并入旅游企业；     

存取、拥有与文献资源共建共享

网络环境下图书馆的信息资源建设模式及馆藏构成基础都发生了深刻的变化,作为馆藏构成两大基础——存取与拥有之间,以及文献资源建设模式——文献资源共建共享之间都存在着千丝万缕的关系,文章试图详细论述三者之间的关系,并对文献资源共建共享存在的问题及解决方法进行论述。     

Media Memories: The First Cable/VCR Generation Recalls Their Childhood and Adolescent Media Viewing

Seventy undergraduates from 2 U.S. regions, the first generation raised in a media environment expanded by cable and VCRs, recalled childhood and adolescent media viewing in autobiographical essays. These recollections, considered from a symbolic interactionist perspective, reflect the media's contribution to individuals' self-development. Respondents recalled the socializing influences of mediated content that provided characters for imitative preschool play, role models, and topics for adolescent peer interaction. These recollections of childhood and adolescent experiences expressed as autobiography provide clear evidence of the media's long-term influence on development of the self.     

Diversity or homogeny: concentration of ownership and media diversity in Pakistan

Using democratic participant theory as a framework to explain media performance, this article examines the implications of ownership concentration and diversity on democracy and analyzes the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority's (PEMRA) endeavors to implement the principle of diversity as espoused in its mandate. It finds that though PEMRA accelerated the growth of electronic media in Pakistan, it failed to promote local and diverse media as PEMRA policies supported diagonal integration and lead to concentration of ownership. PEMRA was also criticized for suppressing independent media when it was brought under the control of Ministry of Information in 2007. The study concludes that regulatory mechanisms in developing countries like Pakistan are still a tool in the hands of the government to control media, and development of a participatory and diverse media is a normative ideal not yet translated into reality.     

人事档案所有权到底该归谁

近年来 ,人事档案的管理在档案学界、法学界、社会学界、人力资源管理学界都引起了很大反响 ,特别是去年《南方周末》、《中国青年报》等多家报纸对当今人事档案管理出现的问题的采访和报道 ,更是在社会上引发了人事档案管理制度改革的呼声 ,近几个月的档案期刊中对于人事档案的讨论之声不绝于耳 ,笔者希望借此文初步探讨一个基本问题———人事档案的所有权问题。所谓所有权 ,法律上解释为 :所有人依法对自己的财产享有的占有、使用、收益和处分的权利。人事档案所有权是人事档案管理的基本问题 ,但我国现行的人事制度恰恰在此问题上似乎还…     

如何确定疑难照片档案的全宗归属

在照片档案的整理工作中,综合档案馆或机关档案室,常常会遇到几张或一组身份不明的照片.这些照片或无年代无地点,或无活动内容,或无姓名无职务等等,给管理和利用工作带来一定困难.其实,只要我们下功夫去考证,问题总可以得到解决.但是,这种照片档案还将面临一个全宗归属的问题.正确地确定全宗归属,是照片档案整理、立卷的关键,是搞好照片档案工作的前提.     

Toward collaborator selection and determination of data ownership and publication authorship in research collaborations

This study examined factors that might affect researchers' willingness to collaborate with a specific researcher and the priorities given to those factors. In addition, it investigated how researchers determined the ownership of collaborative project data and how they determined the order of authorship on collaborative publications in condensed matter physics. In general, researchers rated their intrinsic motivations the highest, such as the quality of ideas a potential collaborator might have and their satisfaction with a past collaboration, followed by their extrinsic motivations, such as the complementary knowledge, skills, or resources the collaborator could provide. In addition, researchers who had a greater number of collaborative projects and researchers who had served as a project PI or co-PI valued the deep-level, personality-related characteristics of a collaborator higher than did those who had not. Younger researchers were more risk averse and more concerned with a collaborator's reputation and the possible cost of a collaboration decision. Additionally, younger researchers indicated more often than older researchers that they did not know whether their project teams followed any rules or norms or engaged in negotiation to determine the order of authorship on collaborative publications.     

Black ownership of broadcast stations: An FCC licensing problem

The development of minority (in this case, black) ownership of television stations as a factor in licensing is analysed through discussion of the Orlando, Florida TV 9 and Hunts‐ville, Alabama Garrett cases. The author, part of the department of communication at Florida Technological University (Orlando), contends that Appeals court actions have forced the FCC to more carefully consider minority ownership aspirations—but that many basic questions need to be clearly answered prior to any definitive rule‐making on the subject.     

期刊中著作权人标志宜采用身份证编码

科技论文凝聚着著作权人的创造性劳动,享有著作权.为防止他人盗用其知识产权,期刊在发表著者作品的同对,均附有作者简介,作为著作权人的标志.但现行编排规范对"作者简介"规定内容缺乏惟一性.鉴于<居民身份证>全国统一编号,具有表示籍贯、出生年月、性别等特点,为使著作权人成为惟一合法人,建议著作权人的标志采用身份证编码.     

Interpersonal communication motives and nonverbal immediacy behaviors

The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether an individual's general use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors, as well as the use of specific nonverbal immediacy behaviors, would be correlated with interpersonal communication motives. Participants (N = 211) completed the Interpersonal Communication Motives scale (Rubin, Perse, & Barbato, 1988) and the Modified Nonverbal Immediacy Behaviors instrument (Myers & Avtgis, 1997). Results indicated that an individual's general use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors was positively correlated with the pleasure and affection motives and negatively correlated with the escape and control motives, but was not significantly correlated with either the inclusion or relaxation motives. Moreover, a series of significant correlations emerged between each of the 10 specific nonverbal immediacy behaviors and the six interpersonal communication motives.     

项目团队科研人员信息查询行为与创新行为的互动机理

目的：探讨信息查询行为与创新行为的互动机理。方法：采用自行研制的科研人员信息查询行为和创新行为量表,对长治医学院36个科研团队共218名科研人员的信息查询行为和创新行为进行调查,应用描述性分析、t 检验、F 检验等统计学方法分析其互动机理。结果：项目团队科研人员信息查询行为各维度与创新行为、创新意识、创新特质、创新环境相互作用和影响,信息评价对创新行为影响最大,创新行为维度与信息查询行为存在显著相关性,创新特质对信息查询行为影响最大。结论：科研人员的信息查询行为总体与创新行为总体之间具有强相关性,应逐渐提高科研人员信息查询能力、增强其信息素养、创新特质、创新意识和创新能力。     

图书馆员营销态度研究

本文从图书馆营销理念的引入及其必要性谈起，论述了图书馆员态度对图书馆营销的意义，并重点对其营销态度进行了分析研究。     

Information literacy and library attitudes of occupational therapy students

Information literacy, often described as a person's ability to effectively find and evaluate answers to questions using a variety of information resources, is of particular importance to health care workers. This paper presents the results of an information literacy survey presented to occupational therapy (OT) students at Thomas Jefferson University during a series of required class activities. Also described are the authors' activities with the faculty and courses at Jefferson. The survey was made available to first-, second-, third-, and fourth-year occupational therapy students along with nursing students and pharmacy students. The survey is designed to identify research habits, skills, and preferences. Results confirm some commonly held perceptions about searching skills of young adults and an interesting dichotomy in students' learning habits. The paper concludes with a discussion of recommendations to OT faculty and librarians on how to improve information literacy education. The survey can be obtained by contacting the authors.