“新媒体使用”概念的有效性——从媒介使用和媒介效果看网络信息渠道的异质性

"新媒体使用"经常作为与"传统媒体使用"相对立的概念获得学界的关注。然而,随着技术的快速发展,媒体家族的迅速壮大,"新媒体使用"在量化研究中的内涵外延也日渐模糊。对此,本文提出了一个元测试(meta-instrument)问题--在用户使用行为和媒介效果两方面,新媒体和传统媒体是否清晰可分?基于对二手数据的分析,本文发现不同的网络信息渠道/平台在使用频率上呈现异质性,在媒介效果上也难以作为同质化的"新媒体"或"网络媒体"一概而论。同时,门户网站在用户使用频率和使用效果上,更接近于传统媒体(如中央电视台、新华社和人民日报),而非社交媒体(如微博、微信等)。本文的研究发现为新媒体使用及其效果研究提供了新的思路,为新媒体理论的发展提供了新的经验资料。     

Antecedents of Incidental News Exposure: The Role of Media Preference,Use and Trust

ABSTRACT

The online environment has radically changed the way in which users consume, discover and manipulate news. The growing relevance of social media platforms and digital intermediaries for news sharing and consumption increase the likelihood of citizens to be exposed to online news even when they are not seeking it. This digital transformation fundamentally challenges the way online news use and exposure have been conceptualized and measured, affecting also to citizens’ knowledge about public affairs and politics. This article examines the factors that predict the probability to be an “incidentally exposed news user” online. Specifically, based on a representative US sample from the Pew Research Centre, this study analyses the role of media preference, use and trust. Findings indicate that beyond users’ demographics and loyalty, readers’ news preferences, uses and trust, specially of social media platforms, affect their probability to be incidentally exposed to news online. These results have important empirical and theoretical implications for understanding the connection between readers’ news consumption patterns and online exposure, intentional or incidental.     

在线付费问答平台的用户付费模式及付费意愿研究

[目的/意义]随着分享经济的发展,以在线付费问答平台为代表的知识付费产品有效地实现了知识的变现,本研究以这类平台为切入点,探索用户的付费模式及付费意愿,加深对用户知识付费行为的认识。[方法/过程]通过对分答、值乎和微博问答三大平台的比较分析,总结在线付费问答平台的用户付费模式,利用问卷调查法考察用户的付费意愿及其动机。[结果/结论]研究表明,在线付费问答平台主要有两种用户付费模式：提问付费和围观付费。用户对这两种付费模式没有特别偏好,二者呈现不完全替代关系,且影响用户对这两种付费模式的付费意愿的动机因素有所不同。本研究认为,知识付费在本质上是知识驱动型的信息消费行为,同时具有明显的粉丝经济特点。     

Why Users Share the News: A Theory of Reasoned Action-Based Study on the Antecedents of News-Sharing Behavior

Social media have become an integral part of online news use, affecting how individuals find, consume, and share news. By applying the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), this study investigates the effects of motives, attitude, and intention on news-sharing behavior among German social media users (n = 333). Findings show that news-sharing attitude and subjective norms have a positive effect on news-sharing intention, which in turn has a positive effect on actual news-sharing behavior. Taken together, we see that a new media behavior in the early phases of its societal diffusion—like social media news sharing in Germany in 2015—can mainly be explained by a rational choice logic and is rooted in the motives of socializing and information seeking. This finding thus reflects the double nature of social media as a means for both information retrieval and social grooming.     

Engaging the Social News User

One of the most common formats of audience participation in journalism consists of online reader comments in response to articles, weblogs, or online television and radio broadcasts. While initially the audience only commented on media platforms themselves, Facebook made it possible to outsource commenting to a third-party platform. The options users have, the rules commenters are obliged to follow, and the moderation regime they confront, could influence the quantity and quality of comments. In this study, we explore how news media deal with audience comments on Facebook and their own news site, and how this influences the quality and quantity of comments. We compared comments on news platforms and Facebook of 62 Dutch national and regional newspapers, public and commercial broadcasters, newsweeklies, national news programmes, and online news sites. Subsequently, we analysed the content of the comments with the qualitative text analysis tool MAXQDA. The results indicate that news media prefer outsourcing comments to Facebook although commenting on their own platforms is still possible. By discouraging anonymous responses, the quality of comments improved but above all the quantity of comments decreased after outsourcing comments to Facebook.     

基于MOA理论的健康谣言分享意愿影响因素研究

针对社交媒体中大量健康谣言的广泛传播现象,本文基于动机-机会-能力(motivation-opportunity-ability,MOA)模型对用户的健康谣言分享意愿进行研究,重点分析个体动机、机会和能力相关的因素对其健康谣言分享意愿的影响。基于此,本文选择健康意识、时间成本和健康素养3个变量构建了研究模型,提出了3个研究假设。通过3个步骤选择了8则健康谣言素材,设计网络情境实验收集了252名参与者的2016条数据,利用5个多元线性回归模型进行了假设检验。研究结果表明,相比于饮食类的谣言,参与者对癌症主题的谣言具有较高的分享意愿,男性比女性有更低的健康谣言分享意愿,年长者具有更高的健康谣言分享意愿。同时,健康意识和时间成本能够正向影响健康谣言分享意愿,且健康素养能够负向影响健康谣言分享意愿。本研究为解释人们的健康谣言分享提供了依据,并为干预健康谣言传播提出对策建议。     

用户持续在线知识付费行为的影响因素研究——免费意识的调节作用

[目的/意义] 在线知识付费市场规模持续扩大,但持续为知识付费的用户比例却在不断降低,严重制约了在线知识付费平台的发展,故研究持续在线知识付费影响因素对知识付费平台的存续意义重大。[方法/过程] 基于持续理论,构建用户持续在线知识付费行为影响因素的理论模型。运用结构方程模型对所收集的样本进行分析。[结果/结论] 持续付费意愿、知觉行为控制均正向显著影响持续付费行为;免费意识在满意度、感知有用性与持续付费意愿之间起到负向调节作用,同时负向显著影响持续付费意愿;主观规范、满意度与感知有用性、行为态度均正向显著影响持续付费意愿;主观规范受到人际影响与外部影响的正向显著影响;期望确认分别正向显著影响感知有用性与满意度。     

The Strategic Challenge of Continuous Change in Multi-Platform Media Organizations—A Strategy-as-Practice Perspective

This article focuses on the complexities of managing multi-platform strategies in the complex and highly dynamic environments of contemporary media markets. Based on a comparative case study of two Nordic media organizations, the article identifies and articulates two sets of practices through which strategy is managed in the continuously changing print and online environments. While the practices that guide strategy development of print publishing tend to be content driven, brand constrained, commercially steered, and top-down monitored, strategizing for online platforms tends to be more technology driven, brand inspired, interactive, and entrepreneurial. For multi-platform media organizations this type of situation is challenging because the incremental and radical innovations that they pursue are platform specific, instead of aiming at exploitation and exploration on both platforms. To succeed in the market, the article argues, multi-platform media organizations need to develop strategies and organizational practices that allow them to be truly ambidextrous—to pursue both incremental and radical change—on all platforms.     

在线学习平台从众选择行为形成机理的扎根分析

[目的 /意义]探究在线学习平台从众选择行为形成机理,旨在为在线学习平台建设和服务优化提供参考.[方法/过程]从学生视角,利用扎根理论方法对访谈资料进行三级编码分析,理清范畴间的作用机制,构建在线学习平台从众选择行为形成机理模型.[结果/结论]感知收益、用户需求、社会影响和信息偶遇直接影响在线学习平台从众选择行为的形成...     

Quantifying the online long-term interest in research

Research articles are being shared in increasing numbers on multiple online platforms. Although the scholarly impact of these articles has been widely studied, the online interest determined by how long the research articles are shared online remains unclear. Being cognizant of how long a research article is mentioned online could be valuable information to the researchers. In this paper, we analyzed multiple social media platforms on which users share and/or discuss scholarly articles. We built three clusters for papers, based on the number of yearly online mentions having publication dates ranging from the year 1920 to 2016. Using the online social media metrics for each of these three clusters, we built machine learning models to predict the long-term online interest in research articles. We addressed the prediction task with two different approaches: regression and classification. For the regression approach, the Multi-Layer Perceptron model performed best, and for the classification approach, the tree-based models performed better than other models. We found that old articles are most evident in the contexts of economics and industry (i.e., patents). In contrast, recently published articles are most evident in research platforms (i.e., Mendeley) followed by social media platforms (i.e., Twitter).     

The Role of Engagement in Learning From Active and Incidental News Exposure on Social Media

The growing reliance on social media as news platforms may lead to more passive news consumption but also offers greater potential for engaging in news. This study investigates the role of engagement with news content on Facebook and Twitter between news exposure and current events knowledge. An online survey (N = 400) tests the relationships between social media news seeking, incidental exposure to news on social media, engagement in shared news content, cognitive elaboration, and current events knowledge. The results show that both active seeking of and incidental exposure to news on both sites are linked to engagement, which is linked to greater cognitive elaboration about the content. Furthermore, engagement mediates the relationship between both types of news exposure and cognitive elaboration. However, engagement and elaboration are not related to knowledge. These results indicate that the key role of social media in news content is not knowledge gain but the ability to engage users who may be passively receiving news on these sites. This study extends the cognitive mediation model of learning from the news in the context of current social media, with updated news consumption norms such as engagement with news on these sites, and incidental news exposure.     

面对重大突发公共卫生事件科技期刊如何履责担当——以金属加工杂志社新冠肺炎疫情报道为例

介绍在新冠肺炎疫情期间,金属加工杂志社快速反应、快速决策,以高度的社会责任感和使命感,策划抗疫专题,组织在线讲堂,统一规划部署,充分发挥全媒体平台特别是强大的数字媒体平台优势,主动向制造业企业、专家和作者约稿,利用网站、微信、微博、今日头条等数字媒体平台发布专题,并对在线讲堂进行宣传推广,以实际行动践行科技期刊在重大突发公共卫生事件中的社会责任、发挥引领作用。     

Factors affecting the continuation to use and e-WOM intention of online library resources by university students: A study in Indonesia

Online library resources can act as a trusted source to find various references for conducting research or writing research papers. With the increasing number of published papers, the use of online library resources becomes increasingly important for academics, including for university students. This study aims to investigate the factors that lead to the continued use of online library resources among university students in developing countries, especially Indonesia. We investigate the impact of resource quality, confirmation, satisfaction, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived enjoyment of users on their intention to continue using online library resources and the effect on e-WOM intention. This study will enhance the Post-Acceptance Model of Information System (IS) Continuance by adding several other constructs and tested using data from 215 university students in Indonesia who have used online library resources. The method used to analyze the data is Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of the study indicate that satisfaction and perceived enjoyment have a significant effect on the intention to continue using online library resources. In addition, it was also found that the continuation intention to use online library resources also affects the user's intention to convey it to others (e-WOM intention). This study provides insight to online library resources service providers in making improvements and formulating strategies to increase users' intentions to continue using their online library resources.     

The Impact of Network Size and Financial Incentives on Adoption and Participation in New Online Communities

The success of online communities depends heavily on the providers' abilities to motivate potential users to adopt the service and to actively participate. Because research in this field of media economics is rare, especially with regard to newly established communities, this study analyzes what drives community adoption and how direct and indirect financial incentives influence user participation. Extending Ajzen's (1991) Theory of Planned Behavior, this article shows, in 2 empirical studies, that network size significantly affects adoption in newly established communities. The results of the first study indicate a strong effect of indirect financial incentives (saving money) on the intention to adopt. The second study indicates that direct financial incentives (earning money) may well help increase the network's size without altering user motivation through crowding-out effects. It is interesting to note that the presence of direct financial incentives attracts new users, but it does not increase usage.     

New media–new voices: satirical representations of Nigeria’s socio-politics in Ogas at the top

New media are increasingly providing spaces and opportunities for media houses and activist groups engaged in socio-political reform in Africa. In Nigeria, social media are becoming platforms for communicating messages of resistance against oppressive political and exploitative economic power structures. This study analyzed Ogas at the top (OATT), an online puppetry series by Buni TV, as a way of examining new platforms and message content in Nigeria’s rapidly changing media sphere. Relying on semiotics and critical discourse analysis perspectives, the study analyzed select episodes of the series, to gauge how producers constructed powerful visual and linguistic messages to boldly satirize social injustices perpetrated by Nigeria’s political elites.     

Online Media and Political Participation: The Case of Malaysia

This study is based on a survey of 526 adult Malaysians who were interviewed shortly before the 2008 national election about online media use, levels of political participation, and voting intentions. The goal was to document the role of online media in a society that controls political information in traditional media and, in turn, compels citizens to seek alternative news sources online. As predicted, the findings indicated that online media use was positively associated with higher levels of political participation among Malaysian voters. The use of and exposure to social networking sites, political blogs, political online videos, party websites, and political ads on cell phones showed strong associations with political activism. However, the use of political online media did not predict voters’ likelihood of voting.     

Global Mistrust in News: The Impact of Social Media on Trust

ABSTRACT

Digital platforms such as search engines and social media have become major gateways to news. Algorithms are used to deliver news that is consistent with consumers’ preferences and individuals share news through their online social networks. This networked environment has resulted in growing uncertainty about online information which has had an impact on news industries globally. While it is well established that perceptions of trust in news found on social media or via search engines are lower than traditional news media, there has been less discussion about the impact of social media use on perceptions of trust in the news media more broadly. This study fills that gap by examining the influence of social media as news sources and pathways to news on perceptions of the level of news trust at a country level. A secondary data analysis of a 26-country survey in 2016 and 2019 was conducted. The analysis revealed an increase in social media use for accessing news resulted in a decline in trust in news media generally across the globe. Higher levels of general mistrust in news were related to an increased use of sharing of news. This paper argues the use of social media for news is closely linked to the increase in news mistrust, which is likely to continue to rise as the number of people using social media to access news continues to grow.     

Can government’s presence on social media stimulate citizens’ online political participation? Investigating the influence of transparency,trust, and responsiveness

This paper empirically investigates the association of quality information provided by a government agency on social media and citizen’s online political participation. It further answers the why and how questions regarding the existence of this relationship by examining the mediating influence of transparency, trust, and responsiveness. The data was collected from 388 followers of the social media platforms of a government agency i.e. Punjab Food Authority and the findings of the analysis were obtained using structural equation modeling technique. The results reveal that the agency’s provision of quality information on social media was significantly related to perceived transparency, trust in agency, perceived responsiveness, and citizens’ online political participation. Moreover, the results show that perceived transparency mediates the relationship between agency’s provision of quality information on social media and citizens’ trust in agency. Additionally, trust in agency was an insignificant predictor and perceived responsiveness was a negative predictor of citizens online political participation, Also, trust in agency and perceived responsiveness suppressed the relationship between agency’s provision of quality information on social media and citizens’ online political participation. This study aims to bring awareness and contribution to the body of knowledge about the governmental use of social media and its resulting benefits since in developing countries like Pakistan the research in this area is sparse. Further, it provides strategic and practical suggestions to agencies regarding advantages of utilizing social media in their communication with citizens.     

在线健康信息替代搜寻影响因素研究：基于健康信念模型和社会支持理论

[目的/意义]在线健康信息替代搜寻是基于人际关系协作的日常信息实践模式,基于经典理论探究该行为的影响因素和机制对于深入理解该信息行为具有重要意义。[方法/过程]基于健康信念模型和社会支持理论,构建健康信息替代搜寻影响因素模型,提出12个研究假设。通过问卷调查收集475份有效数据,使用SmartPLS软件进行数据分析。[结果/结论]结果发现：同理心、信息支持意愿、感知严重性和感知收益正向影响健康信息替代搜寻意愿,感知障碍负向影响健康信息替代搜寻意愿,感知易感性和自我效能对健康信息替代搜寻意愿没有直接相关关系。通过中介效应分析发现,同理心对感知易感性与健康信息替代搜寻意愿之间的关系存在完全中介效应;同理心对感知严重性与健康信息替代搜寻意愿的关系存在部分中介效应;信息支持意愿对自我效能与健康信息替代搜寻意愿之间的关系存在部分中介效应。这一研究结果为进一步激励、管理和干预在线健康信息替代搜寻实践提供参考。