“最近发展区理论”在中职英语口语教学中的运用

为了适应社会对实用人才的需要,中职英语教学过程中,注重口语教学。为了能使学生积极的开口,调动学生的积极性,笔者根据维氏＂最近发展区理论＂,结合合作互动式学习方法,探究了＂最近发展区理论＂对英语口语教学的指导作用。     

“最近发展区理论”在初中物理教学中的运用

初中学生的最近发展水平各不相同,用＂最近发展区理论＂指导物理教学,符合初中学生的生理和心理特点。通过具体实例的呈现,说明在教学各个环节如何运用＂最近发展区理论＂。     

找准思维“最近发展区” 提高课堂教学实效性——“确定位置”一课的教学片断与思考

维果斯基的＂最近发展区＂理论指出：＂教学应着眼于学生思维的‘最近发展区’,为学生提供难度适宜的内容,以调动学生学习的积极性,发挥其潜能。＂通过在教学中对这一理论的落实与研究,让学生的理解更逼近数学的本质,最大限度地发展学生的数学思维能力。     

基于最近发展区理论培养高职学生自主学习英语的能力——以广州番禺职业技术学院为例

基于前苏联教育家维果茨基的＂最近发展区理论＂,根据高职非英语专业学生的英语学习特点,分析如何把最近发展区理论应用在英语自主学习上,帮助学生在自主学习上取得最近发展区的持续性发展,培养学生自主学习英语的能力。     

探究与反思,引导学生在“最近发展区”发展

＂最近发展区＂理论是由前苏联教育家维果茨基（1896—1934）提出来的。该理论认为,学生的发展有两种水平,一种是学生的现有水平,另一种是学生可能的发展水平,二者之间的差距就是最近发展区。课堂教学应着眼于学生的最近发展区,通过探究与反思,调动学生的学习积极性,开发其潜能,以求知识与能力的均衡发展。     

“最近发展区”理论对英语教学的启示

维果茨基的＂最近发展区＂理论给英语教学提供了科学的理论基础和实践指导。教师应该更新教学观念,改革教学模式,优化教学评价,激发学生的创造潜能,不断把最近发展区转化为现有发展区。     

为学生埋下发展的种子——“最近发展区”理论在语文教学中的运用

在语文教学过程中,以＂最近发展区＂理论为指导,精心设计教学环节,能让学生的思维能力和探究能力等得到更好的发展,使高中生的语文素养得到进一步的提高。作者在这一理论指导下,在课堂提问的设计和课堂形式的丰富性两方面作了尝试。     

“Brainstorming”在大学英语口语教学中的实践运用

英语口语是四项语言技能之一,是培养学生交际能力的主要方面。迄今为止,不少教师潜心探索实践,提出了很多切实可行的英语口语教学方法。本文作者在长期的英语学习和教学实践中发现作为一种开发创造性思维的方法,＂Brain-storming＂可以在大学英语口语课堂上充分调动学生的积极性,激发学生的思维和想象,实现全体参与和互动。本文主要论述了如何在大学英语口语课堂上引入＂Brainstorming＂开展课堂活动,最终达到提高学生英语口语水平的目的。     

基于“最近发展区”理论的远程开放英语学习

维果茨基的＂最近发展区＂理论对远程开放英语教学无论是在理论上还是在实践上都有着积极的影响,对远程开放英语教学有着重要的指导意义。远程开放英语教师应以这一理论为基础,了解远程开放学生英语课程学习现状,将＂最近发展区＂理论运用到开放教育英语课程教学中,促进开放学生的网络自主学习。     

利用“最近发展区”原理对血糖平衡模型构建的分层教学设计

<正>一、最近发展区理论"最近发展区"理论是由维果茨基提出的,该理论的主要内容是指儿童借助成人的帮助所达到的解决问题的水平与在独立活动中所达到的解决问题的水平之间的差异。即"最近发展区"是指学生现有发展水平与潜在发展水平之间的正处于形成状态的心理机能和活动水平。这就要求教师在课堂问题设计时要充分考虑到不同层次学生的学习品质,如果教师把问题难度设计在学生现有发展水平区域内,那就显得太简单了,失去了课堂合作小     

从“最近发展区”理论到“两高”教学原则

维果茨基的“最近发展区”概念创造性地阐明了教学、教育与发展之间的辨证关系。赞科夫从“最近发展区”理论中得到启示,建立了发展性教学体系,其“两高”教学原则是“最近发展区”理论在教学实践中发展应用的结果。     

Between two stories: assessment of and for learning

The study was conducted in a school for special education with small classes of six to 12 students. The aim was to illuminate how students’ understanding of written assessments could be related to assessment for learning. Twenty-nine students were asked to describe their understanding of written assessment in three different subjects and, further, to describe their perceptions in follow-up interviews. The two-step analysis first focused on individual understanding. Thereafter Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development (ZPD) was used as analytical tool. In the first analysis three categories were identified. Students’ understandings were related to subject matter knowledge, generic skills and attitudes. The findings of the second analysis indicated that written assessment often lacked formative features and cannot be seen as learning in the ZPD. Difficulties with schoolwork were seen as problems of the individual and the measures were directed towards the student. Even though the guidelines ask for a relational perspective a categorical perspective sometimes was adopted in the assessments. The implications of the study relate to the ways teacher’s assessment competences can encompass students’ understanding and how this can be translated into action.     

最近发展区视角下的大学英语教学

大学英语教学的目的并非单纯地向学生传授语言基本知识,还要重视培养其独立思考与创新能力的发展。根据这一教学目标,本文试分析最近发展区理论内涵,并在此基础上通过对教学模式和教学内容的分析,来探讨最近发展区理论对大学英语教学的影响。     

基于学习策略研究开展“以学生为中心”的英语词汇教学

词汇在英语学习和教学中非常重要,它是学习英语的基础,但许多学生反映词汇难记,今天背明天忘,导致对英语缺乏信心。在词汇教学课堂上,大多数教师以自身为主向学生灌输词汇知识,没有调动学生自身的主动性和积极性,导致词汇教学的沉闷和低效率。笔者通过探索学习策略,根据研究者对学生学习策略的调查研究及对学生词汇学习的观察,发现学生在词汇学习上存在的问题,并在此基础上提出教师应调整学生学习策略,开展以学生为中心的词汇教学,从而减少词汇教学的盲目性,提高学生学习词汇的积极性和效率,进一步提高学生的英语成绩。     

ZPD-activated languaging and collaborative L2 writing

Recent second/foreign language (L2) research has witnessed the application of sociocultural tenets to L2 classrooms. This study aimed to probe whether Iranian L2 learners’ engagement in ZPD-activated collaborative dialogue, or ‘languaging’, mediates their learning process and, specifically, their appropriate use of metadiscourse to address content, organisation and audience issues in writing. English-as-a-foreign-language-writing classes at two universities were assigned to four different instructional conditions, namely, ZPD-activated collaborative, ZPD-free collaborative, fine-tuned L2-input provision and prevalent teacher-fronted approaches. The data comprised metadiscourse-oriented writing test scores, weekly writings and audio-recorded in-class collaborative dialogues of the ZPD groups. The results demonstrated the ZPD-activated collaborative writing approach significantly facilitated the learners’ appropriate use of metadiscourse. Complementary interpretative analysis of the ZPD participants’ metadiscourse-related episodes showed that the initially-other-regulated (undistributed) writing tasks became progressively reciprocal with less-skilled peers displaying microgenetic use of L2 metadiscourse resources and dynamically assuming more participatory roles in regulating the writing tasks. The findings suggest engagement in ZPD-activated ‘languaging’ is crucial to shaping opportunities for L2 learners’ microgenetic learning and to their longer term cognitive development. In sum, the application of sociocultural tenets and notions has shown to be highly fruitful in explaining the social genesis of L2 development as a higher order psychological functioning.     

Sharpening a tool for teaching: the zone of proximal development

Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) provides an important understanding of learning, but its implications for teachers are often unclear or limited and could be further explored. We use conceptual analysis to sharpen the ZPD as a teaching tool, illustrated with examples from teaching critical thinking in zoology. Our conclusions are the following: teachers should assign tasks that students cannot do on their own, but which they can do with assistance; they should provide just enough assistance so that students learn to complete the tasks independently and, finally, teachers can increase learning gains by providing learning environments that enable students to do harder tasks than would otherwise be possible and by assigning the hardest tasks students can do with assistance. This analysis provides a sharp and useful tool for supporting learning across all curriculum areas.     

高职院校英语口语教学合作学习模式的实践及反思

目前,高职院校英语口语教学的现状不容乐观。合作学习模式作为适合高职学生的有效教学模式之一,能在一定程度上提高英语口语教学质量。教师通过"三步式""拼图式""复述式""头脑风暴式"合作学习模式,可以提高高职学生学习英语的积极性。但是,在实施合作学习模式时教师要合理分组,要围绕教学内容设计任务,任务要从易到难,要关注个人及小组的学习情况,调动学生的学习积极性,培养学生的能力,从而提高高职院校学生英语口语的表达能力。     

关于"课堂专题发言"的应用

文章以Swain关于语言习得中产出性理论为基础,在教学中实施课堂专题发言。此活动综合性强,要求较高,难度较大,有利于将口头表达活动引向深入。经过一年的实践,学生感到此活动对语言的掌握、知识增长和口头表达能力的提高均有较大的帮助。     

图式理论与英语阅读理解能力的关系及其在英语阅读教学中的应用

培养学生的阅读能力是中学英语教学的主要任务之一。实验证明 ,在英语阅读教学中是否有效运用图式理论对能否快速提高学生阅读能力有很大影响。在教学实践中运用图式理论 ,丰富和积累学生头脑中的图式并指导学生及时激活和运用这些图式 ,对提高学生的阅读理解能力大有帮助