体育课研究性学习的理论探析

研究性学习是近几年我国教育理论与实践领域内一个崭新的研究课题。本文就体育课研究性学习的意义、实施研究性学习的体育教学策略体系和开展研究性学习应注意的问题进行理论分析,为在体育教学实践中更好地发挥其优势提供理论指导。     

研究性学习活动在实践中的若干问题探讨

作为新课程改革的一大亮点,研究性学习活动的开展已经逐渐深入,但在实践的过程中产生了一些问题.这些问题能否顺利解决,成为今后影响研究性学习活动健康开展的因素.本文作者结合自己几年采带领学生开展研究性学习活动的实践经验,探讨了研究性学习活动的戢体和实施类型问题、研究性学习活动中教师指导的合适度问题、研究性学习活动的成果表达形式问题.     

浅谈在中学化学教学中实施研究性学习的做法

研究性学习是指在教师的指导下学生自主发现问题、探究问题、获得结论的学习活动。开展研究性学习能培养学生创新精神和实践能力。教师在研究性学习实施过程中,承担着教育、组织、管理和指导的职责。本文结合学科特点举例提出了选题——研究交流——展示成果的化学研究性学习方法。     

对研究性学习教学实践的思考与改进

研究性学习强调在探究问题的过程中完成知识建构和能力建构.在具体的教学实践中把握研究性学习与传统教学的关系,选择恰当的时机与"问题"引导学生开展研究性学习,不断改进研究性学习的方法与评价体系,才能充分发挥研究性学习的优势.     

让学生成为研究者——在化学教学中开展研究性学习的实践与思考

研究性学习是指在教师指导下，由学生自主进行的、开放型、实践性的学习活动。在中学开展研究性学习是十分必要的，也是切实可行的。研究性学习不仅强调学生学习方式的改革，而且强调教学模式的改革。研究性学习有许多问题值得我们去实践和思考。     

研究性学习初探

研究性学习是新课程改革的一个亮点,在教学实践中很难操作,更重要的是许多中学教师还不明确研究性学习的内涵,更谈不上在课堂教学中去自觉地实践。本文主要讨论研究性学习的内涵,研究性学习与接受式学习的特点及研究性学习与活动课的横向比较,以此来揭示研究性学习的内涵,为中学教师教学实践服务。     

网络环境下研究性学习的探索与实践

研究性学习是一种重点培养学生创新能力和实践能力的教学模式,在具有海量信息的互联网络环境下,研究性学习具有了更大的优势,本文就网络环境下研究性学习的有效组织、实施进行了探索和实践,并对应注意的若干问题进行了探讨。     

研究性学习的历史、现状与未来

研究性学习既具有历史性,又具有鲜明的时代特色。对研究性学习内涵的理解应植根于时代精神。实践界对研究性学习已取得丰富经验和成就,但问题和误解也不容忽视。倡导研究性学习是使学生摆脱被奴役地位、走向个性解放的必由之路。     

研究性学习在中学地理教学中的运用

本文试从中学地理教学实践出发,讨论在地理教学中开展研究性学习的可行性和在地 理教学中开展研究性学习的基本目标,着重提出地理研究性学习中教学资源的开发、研究性学习活 动的组织方法、教师在研究性学习中的作用等实践问题.     

关于研究性学习几个关系的探讨

近年来，研究性学习作为一种学习方式越来越受到教育者关注。本文尝试从阐述研究性学习与几个相关概念的联系与区别，分析研究性学习与其实施影响因素的关系出发，廓清对“研究性学习”基本认识，希望时研究性学习及其课程的教学实践提供参考。     

大学生英语学习感知倾向调查研究

学习感知倾向是学习者个体差异因素之一,而学习的感知模式是学习风格的分类之一。由于个体通过不同的方式对信息进行感知和处理,所以,在安排教学方法时,学习风格是需要考虑的一个重要因素。而学生对自己在什么情况下能达到最好学习效果的分析不准确也可能导致事倍功半。因此,本文中作者主要对大学生在英语学习过程中所表现出来的感知倾向结果进行讨论,分析其特点,同时提出促进英语学习的建议。     

How an orientation to learning influences the expansive–restrictive nature of teacher learning and change

This study examined teachers’ learning situated in a school to reveal factors that support and hinder learning in the workplace. The investigation analyzed teachers’ orientation to learning, examining beliefs, practices, and experiences about teachers’ learning in relation to change in the workplace. A hypothesis is that teacher learning and change is complex and unable to be fully understood outside of practice. Evidence is provided on the factors and forms of learning activities that appear to strengthen an expansive learning environment and those which contribute to a more restrictive learning environment. A distinctive finding was that teachers’ orientation to learning is related to self-reported change. Another promising finding with the potential of better understanding the interrelated combination of how teachers’ beliefs, practices, and workplace factors influence change was related to dissonance for learning. The implications for practice involved determining how to continue to support and strengthen an expansive workplace learning environment.     

学习究竟是什么？——多学科视野中的学习研究论纲

学习是当代多学科共同探索的前沿和热门话题,而且成为关心人类命运的企业家和政治家们所必须面对的重大课题,由此推动着全球范围内创建学习型组织和学习化社会的时代潮流一本文从中国文化传统和西方心理学对学习概念的两种解读入手,剖析了目前学习理论的成就与局限性,然后将学习研究的视野从微观扩展到宏观,从个体扩展到团队与社会,分别从教育哲学、管理科学、教育技术学、历史哲学和哲学人类学的广阔视野,对人类学习活动进行了理论探索,提出并论证了与生产方式同一层次的“学习方式”范畴,提出“学习是人类自身再生产的社会实践活动”,“学习的本质是人类个体和人类整体的自我意识与自我超越”,认为“发展自身的人类学习能力同改造外部世界的人类生产能力(生产力)共同构成人类生存发展的基础、动力和源泉”,并倡导创建一套能够从历史哲学的广阔视野来透视、解读和预测人类复杂学习活动及其矛盾运动的理论,从总体上认识和把握人类学习活动的特点和发展规律,使我国当前所倡导的“科学发展观”具有更坚实的理论基础。     

适应新的发展取向的学习类型多样化探讨

我国现行的学习概念主要是指“书本知识学习”,这种单一的学习类型观造成学生身心发展极端片面。为适应新课程改革倡导的新的发展取向的要求,我们应建立学习类型多样化的观念。区别于心理学主要从学习的结果和机制划分学习的类型,我们可以根据人的生活所面对的活动对象或领域的不同,将学习划分为符号学习、交往学习、操作学习、观察学习、反思学习等类型。不同类型的学习对于学生身心发展具有不同的价值,同时也存在各自的局限性。为了促进学生身心素质的全面发展,应该实现学习类型的多样化,以达到不同类型学习发展功能的互补和配合。     

A Study of Status and Improvement of College Freshmen in Certain Skills of English Composition

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the differential emotional reactions of students to positive, neutral, and negative affect in nonverbal teacher behavior. Responses were studied across two grade levels and across race. A stratified random sample of 120 students was selected and randomly assigned to experimental conditions. Emotional reactions were measured by a semantic differential. Analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests showed that black second graders evaluated the neutral teacher most positively, while white second graders and sixth graders of both races tended to evaluate the positive teacher most positively.     

Imagining, seeking, inventing: the future of learning and the emerging discovery networks

Extrapolating from current developments in the study of learning and imagining how learning might be shaped moving forward, this article considers 12 trends concerning the future of learning. Learning will become more diverse, more contextual, less discipline-bound, and less institutionally-bound. It will span professional and institutional sectors, and move beyond national borders. It will move increasingly online and extend beyond humans to encompass machines and machine/human blends. It will become more interactive, more distributed, and more biologically connected. Drawing on an understanding of these trends, new roles for teachers and for educational institutions are developed. The result is that learning is likely to occur through multiple discovery networks that blend research and teaching to address real world problems in environments supported by robust software infrastructures. Multiple nested discovery networks will operate on a global scale and be negotiated by individual learners sometimes guided by teachers. Prediction is very difficult, especially about the future—Niels Bohr The future is already here - it’s just unevenly distributed—William Gibson The best way to predict the future is to invent it—Alan Kay     

The Development of a Comprehensive and Coherent Theory of Learning

This article is an account of how the author developed a comprehensive understanding of human learning over a period of almost 50 years. The learning theory includes the structure of learning, different types of learning, barriers of learning as well as how individual dispositions, age, the learning environment and general social and societal conditions influence learning possibilities. All this started when the author, aged 27, broke off his career as a travel agent and joined a course for matriculation at the university. He found this course extremely ineffective and got the idea that a firm knowledge about how human learning takes place might be a starting point for the development of more engaging and effective learning, teaching, schooling and education. Over the years, he gathered inspiration from a broad range of learning theorists such as Piaget, Rogers, Ausuble, Leithäuser, Schön, Kolb, Furth, Mezirow, Kegan and his own Danish instructor, Thomas Nissen. But the theory was built up as his own structure by critically adding new elements from the examination of other theories and carefully analysing experience from teaching, supervising and observing learning courses at all levels from primary school to adult education and university studies.     

学生眼里的在线教学:行为、效果与挑战——基于新冠疫情期间清华大学学生在线学习行为调查

本研究从"行为-效果"两个维度设计了调查问卷,并从清华大学2020年春季学期参加在线学习的本科生和研究生中随机抽样,调查学生在线学习的行为特征、学习效果和主要挑战。研究发现,疫情期间的在线教学总体上取得预期成效,学生的学习行为表现出较强的适应性和可控性,但不同群体的学生存在差异。在线学习也面临一些挑战:生生互动减少、居家学习效率低、学习专注力不够、动作技能训练欠缺等问题需要引起关注。建议未来的在线教学,在外部条件保障不减的前提下,注重激发学生学习的内在动力、提升学生的自主学习能力,并通过完善支架教学、鼓励朋辈学习等方式促进学生学习参与。     

PIAAC results on opportunities for informal learning in the workplace in Spain / Resultados PIAAC sobre las oportunidades para el aprendizaje informal en el puesto de trabajo en España

This article uses data from the PIAAC (Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competences) Background Questionnaire to describe conditions related to informal learning (IL) in the workplace and opportunities to learn informally in organizations in Spain. PIAAC data indicate that in Spain, informal learning processes in organizations are a common, everyday practice. However, some differences have been found in the intensity of this learning by gender, the position that the employee occupies and the business sector in which the organization is framed. This study opens some future avenues to develop further knowledge about IL mechanisms and practices in the workplace, as a strategy to help towards the development of people and organizations.     

How does STEM context-based learning work: what we know and what we still do not know

ABSTRACT

Context-based learning (CBL) has influenced teaching and learning science in many countries over the past decades. Twelve years ago, a special issue on CBL was published in this Journal, focusing on CBL curriculum development. Seven papers in this current special issue on CBL now address the question of how a context influences the learning process. The papers focus on the stimulation of learning STEM subjects within contexts, how the learning process occurs and is enhanced, and the application of contexts in different settings. The approaches, results, and implications of the papers are located in a larger view that considers the question of what must be the case if a student not only engages in the tasks of learning but also succeeds at them. Concerning willingness and effort by learners, the papers draw conclusions about which STEM-related interests of students endure and are ephemeral across a decade, design criteria for maximising students’ situational interest, and students’ engagement with content and context simultaneously. Focusing on the opportunity to teach and learn, the papers reveal how a professional development approach functions to support STEM teachers to develop CBL materials, and how specific scaffolding acts in teaching bring students to more complex reasoning. Regarding good teaching, insights are offered on how metacognitive prompts improve teaching. Centring on the social surround that supports teaching and learning, a comparison of two contexts for teaching the same content reveals which aspects of the contexts move student learning forward. From this mapping, paths toward future research are projected.