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1.
唐美玲 《培训与研究》2007,24(5):99-101
师生的语言学习观念存在分歧。以课堂活动为切入点,对60位大学英语老师和120位大学一年级的学生进行问卷调查发现:在所列课堂活动中,师生对绝大多数的课堂活动观念基本一致;师生间的观念分歧主要表现在纠错、课文解释、词汇学习、传授人生道理和听磁带录音等活动上。  相似文献   

2.
英语学习信念包括六个维度:天生能力、努力作用、快速学习、知识简单化、知识联系性、准确性要求.通过对高中生英语学习信念的特点及其与英语学习行为的关系研究发现:(1)天生能力信念年级差异显著,高二学生在这两个信念上好于高一和高三学生,知识简单化信念的年级和学校交互作用显著;(2)英语学习信念对英语学习行为有显著预测作用,信念越成熟,学习行为越积极;(3)英语学习信念和英语学习行为存在三种匹配类型:不成熟信念-不积极行为、成熟信念-积极行为、成熟信念-不积极行为,不存在不成熟信念-积极行为的类型.与普通校相比落后校中成熟信念-不积极行为的人数在总体中所占比例更高,与重点校相比普通校也如此.  相似文献   

3.
This study examines the conditional and interaction effects of each of four dimensions of the epistemological beliefs of college students regarding the ability to learn, the speed of learning, the structure of knowledge, and the stability of knowledge on six measures of the motivational components of self-regulated learning strategies (intrinsic goal orientations, extrinisic goal orientation, task value, self-efficacy, control of learning and test anxiety). Students with more sophisticated beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning were more likely than their peers to use educationally productive motivational strategies in their learning. Beliefs about one’s ability to learn and the structure of knowledge had the most significant and substantial effects on students’ use of self-regulated motivational strategies. Although a student’s belief about the stability of knowledge by itself had a statistically significant effect on only one motivational strategy, this belief did have four statistically significant interaction effects with beliefs about ability to learn and the structure of knowledge. Implications of these findings for theory, research, policy and practice are examined.  相似文献   

4.
在当前有关教师观念的研究中,教师的教育观念与其教育行为之间的关系问题是探讨得最多的。本研究聚焦教师观念中非常重要的类观念———教师的儿童学习观,综合使用问卷、深入访谈、参与式观察以及资料分析等方法,从类型、内容以及个案分析的角度对教师的儿童学习观与其指导儿童学习的教育行为之间的关系进行了深入细致的探讨。  相似文献   

5.
语言学习信念是个体差异的重要内容,对语言学习的影响不可低估。国内外有关语言学习信念的研究层出不穷。综观大量文献,语言学习信念的研究主要集中在以下两个层面:研究内容和研究方法。研究内容涉及:(1)语言学习信念体系研究;(2)语言学习信念与其他学习因素关系研究;(3)语言学习信念稳定性研究;(4)语言学习信念干预研究。研究方法可以分为定量研究和定性研究。特别是在国内,语言学习信念研究有待进一步深入,本文从三个层面提出了语言学习信念的研究展望。  相似文献   

6.
作为语言学习中的重要个体差异,语言学习信念是相对稳定的,但并非一成不变,而是不断发展变化的。语言学习信念受诸多因素的影响,影响语言学习信念的因素主要有两类:外部原因和内部原因。以外部原因——语言学习经历的研究为侧重点,采用焦点小组访谈,调查了英语学习者中学和大学阶段的语言学习经历以及他们在中学阶段和大学阶段对语言学习的看法。结果表明:中学和大学阶段的英语学习信念有很大的不同:英语学习信念随着语言学习经历的不同而发生变化。  相似文献   

7.
The purpose of this study was to examine students' beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning, epistemological beliefs, across domains that vary according to Biglan's classification of academic disciplines (hard vs. soft disciplines and pure vs. applied disciplines). One hundred and fifty-two university students completed three questionnaires that assessed their epistemological beliefs about mathematics (hard-pure), the social sciences (also pure), and business (neither hard nor pure). Correlations indicated that students' epistemological beliefs were similar for mathematics and social sciences, as well as for mathematics and business. When the amount of academic experience was taken into account, some evidence of domain specificity was found. These results support Sternberg's caveat that the dichotomy of domain generality/specificity is an assumption that should be questioned. We propose that future researchers should investigate the breadth of applicability of epistemological beliefs.  相似文献   

8.
Promoting student epistemological development is seen as a goal of higher education. Further, the epistemological beliefs of instructors have been shown to affect their teaching beliefs and behaviors. Some argue that only when instructors are epistemologically advanced will they be able to engage in pedagogical activities that encourage student epistemological development. This study examines the impact of the design of constructivist learning environments on university instructors’ epistemological belief systems. Constructivist learning environments are technology-based environments that present learners with authentic problems, that are supported by cases similar to the problem being posed, and learning-support strategies such as modeling, coaching, and scaffolding. Instructors’ epistemologies might be impacted by engaging in constructivist learning environment design because the process requires instructors to think about their discipline in non-traditional ways. Results of this qualitative inquiry suggests that instructors who are in a zone of ‘readiness’ for intellectual growth could experience epistemological growth from this experience.  相似文献   

9.
    
Personal epistemology is concerned with people’s beliefs or assumptions about the nature of knowledge and knowing. Whilst contributions in this field can be traced back to the 1970s, fundamental questions about the ontology and epistemology of the construct still remain. The current study explored the effects of three characteristics of questions aimed at eliciting epistemological assumptions on our interpretations of an individual’s assumptions, namely the level of directness with which questions targeted assumptions, the domainspecificity of the question, and whether the questions were open or closed-ended. A paper-and-pencil measure was designed to manipulate these variables, and the interpretations made about the assumptions of 35 postgraduate Psychology students were compared. The results suggested that the characteristics do exert an influence and caution is raised regarding the validity of methodologies that are used in the study of personal epistemology.  相似文献   

10.
Beliefs About Academic Knowledge   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
Individuals' beliefs about knowledge (i.e., epistemological beliefs) have become the focus of inquiry in the educational and psychological literatures. Based on an analysis of those literatures, we first propose that epistemological beliefs are multidimensional and multilayered. That is, individuals possess general beliefs about knowledge, as well as beliefs about more specific forms of knowledge (e.g., academic knowledge). Second, we examine the relationship between epistemological beliefs and learning in order to understand why such beliefs are important to educators. Third, we question whether beliefs about academic knowledge are truly general (i.e., unwavering across academic domains) or have a character reflective of the domain to which they are associated (i.e., domain specific). Finally, we explore some of the common problems in the research and suggest topics for future study.  相似文献   

11.
本研究采用定量研究。通过对广东某高校81名大学生外语学习观念的调查,结果显示:外语学习观念的五个因素都在不同程度上影响着学生的学习;此外,男生和女生在总体的外语学习观念上不存在显著的差异,但在语言学习难度、动机和期望学习观念方面,男生和女生存在显著的差异。基于本研究结果,本文提出了相关建议以期提高英语教学成效。  相似文献   

12.
再论语言学习观念与学习策略相关性   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
语言学习观念和学习策略都是影响外语学习效率的重要因素。随着二语习得研究的深入,一些研究者对二者之间的相关性也越来越关注。本文简要概述国内外对学习观念和学习策略的研究,就观念和策略的关系进行探讨,认为学习观念影响学习策略的选择,最终作用于学习结果;学习策略的使用也能够引起学习观念的变化。在此基础上提出,把观念和策略结合起来进行研究,并应用于外语教学过程,例如在策略研究和培训中,以期有效地提高学习效果。  相似文献   

13.
知识经济时代 ,知识和学习构成企业竞争的核心能力。本文论述了企业知识的独特内涵和特有的体系结构 ,分析了现代企业的新型学习模式 ,在此基础上 ,提出了促进企业知识学习的主要措施。  相似文献   

14.
英语专业学生学习信念与学习策略相关性研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
本研究采用问卷调查方式对电大普通本科英语专业的学生进行学习信念和学习策略的调查,旨在探讨他们的学习信念和学习策略之间的相关性,了解哪些学习信念会更多地影响学生的学习策略。研究结果证明,学习者的学习信念很明显地影响了他们的整体学习策略的使用。  相似文献   

15.
本研究运用“语言习得理念分类详表”,个案追踪一期接受“国际汉语教师中刚志愿者计划”培训的志愿者语言习得理念的变化,并与有经验的对外汉语教师的二语习得理念进行异同比较。研究发现志愿者习得理念总体并无明显变化,而且与有经验教师存在较一致的共识,某些具体理念变化也表明他们正逐渐向有经验教师所持有的理念靠拢。本研究分析了这一现象的原因,指出今后应关注志愿者不同教育背景、经历和心理认知所带来的不同语言习得理念及其影响,并通过强化培训,帮助他们尽量消弭错误理念所引起的不良影响。  相似文献   

16.
以绍兴文理学院非英语专业一至三年级的文理科学生为调查对象,运用定量与定性相结合的方法,探讨我国大学非英语专业文理科生的学习观念与策略的总体倾向,分析文科生与理科生在英语学习观念和策略上是否存在差异。调查结果表明:1)调查对象持有部分积极与消极的学习观念和策略;2)两组学生在观念与策略上均存在较大差异。  相似文献   

17.
语言学习信念对学习者有着深远的影响,积极的、正面的信念有助于克服学习困难,保持学习动力,而消极的信念可能导致学习积极性减弱,挫折和焦虑感。通过对非英语专业新生学习信念的调查帮助新生了解、发展自己能力和使用有效的学习策略、形成对语言学习现实的、积极的信念。同时帮助教师了解学生学习信念并在实践教学中采用多种手段加以影响和干预。  相似文献   

18.
本研究通过问卷调查的形式对我校非英语专业专科生的英语学习观念和学习策略作了调查,旨在了解学生的学习观念和学习策略的基本情况,探索提高英语教学的新模式。调查结果表明:1、学生的形式操练观念最强,最不赞成母语观念;2、在实际学习活动中,学生最多使用母语策略,功能操练策略使用频率最低;3、每对观念和策略都呈现显著的正相关,其中母语观念对母语策略的影响最大。  相似文献   

19.
内隐学习和缄默知识   总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32  
郭秀艳 《教育研究》2003,24(12):31-36
内隐学习是指无意识、自动化地获得知识的过程,具有自动性、抽象性、理解性、抗干扰性和高选择力、高潜力、高效性等特征;而缄默知识是指那些通常靠自己获得的,无法言传的知识,具有不可言传,不能加以反思和批判以及程序性、实用性等特征。两者之间既有区别,又有内在的联系。  相似文献   

20.
笔者采用文秋芳设计的《学习观念自测题》,对烟台大学国际交流学院汉语专业的韩国留学生和外国语学院英语专业二年级的中国大学生进行了有关外语学习观念的问卷调查。本文是对该调查结果的对比分析,目的是帮助教师了解中韩大学生在语言学习观念上的异同,重视它们对外语学习产生的影响,积极改进中国外语教学。  相似文献   

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