选拔优秀青年女子曲棍球运动员后备人才初探

选拔优秀的青年女子曲棍球运动后备人才,是提高我国女子曲棍球运动水平的关键所在。本文采用观察测量法、文,献资料法、专家访谈法、心理测试法等方法对北京青年女子曲棍球运动员进行了研究,并就选材原则、身体形态、气质类型及专项身体素质与选材的关系进行了分析,提出了自己的选材观点,以期提高青年女子曲棍球运动员选材的成功率。     

江苏省女子曲棍球后备人才现状研究

本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法等研究方法,对江苏省女子曲棍球后备人才队伍现状进行研究,研究结果:江苏省女子曲棍球后备人才来源较为狭窄,年龄结构偏大,选材方式科学化较高,运动员从事曲棍球前均参与其他运动项目,绝大多数运动员训练年限在3-4年,运动员训练态度和动机较为成熟,但运动员文化学习成绩普遍不够理想,退役后的就业情况不佳。建议:推动曲棍球项目普及开展;促进运动员全面发展;拓宽运动员的出路。     

形态、心理及专项身体素质对青年女子曲棍球运动员选材的影响

选拔优秀的青年女子曲棍球运动后备人才,是提高我国女子曲棍球运动水平的关键所在,而在以往的选材过程中,以经验选材的现象依然存在。文章运用了观察测量法、文献资料法、专家访谈法、心理测试法等四川省青年女子曲棍球运动员进行了研究,就科学地选材的原则,选材中身体形态、心理气质类型及专项身体素质与选材的关系进行了分析,提出了对选材的认识,以求提高青年女子曲棍球运动员选材的成功率。     

上海闵行第三中学青少年女子五人制曲棍球发展现状探析

上海闵行第三中学开展曲棍球运动项目已有15年之余,期间中国曲棍球协会命名其为国家曲棍球奥林匹克后备人才基地.为了促进上海市第三中学青少年女子五人制曲棍球项目又快又稳地发展,做了本次探讨研究,在了解现状后提出相应的建议:教练员在制定训练计划时,应有科学化训练的意识;教练员、老师、家长应协助运动员来平衡学习与训练,运动员自身也要学会自主调节.     

我国优秀女子曲棍球运动员专项体能评价研究

采用问卷调查法、访谈法、测试法、数理统计法,以我国国家女子曲棍球队运动员为研究对象,对我国女子曲棍球运动员专项体能评价体系的构建进行探讨。旨在建立能够反映中国女子曲棍球运动员运动专项体能的指标体系,为运动员进行自身评价提供标准和指导,也为教练员安排整体和个体化训练提供理论依据。     

谷氨酰胺对女子曲棍球运动员大负荷训练周期中血尿素和血清睾酮的影响

通过对女子曲棍珠运动员在大负荷训练周期中补充谷氨酰胺的研究,观察血尿素及血清睾酮水平的变化,旨在对女子曲棍球运动员的运动营养补充提供理论依据。     

广东省女子曲棍球队膝关节损伤调查分析

膝关节损伤是由棍球运动更多发性伤病之一,严重的损伤不仅影响训练和比赛,甚至会导致运动员运动生涯的终止.对广东女子曲棍球队运动员膝关节损伤进行了调查,结合等动力量潮试对女子由棍球运动员膝关节损伤的原因进行了分析.结论:广东女子由棍球运动员膝关节损伤高发病率提示膝关节损伤仍是医务监督和预防的工作重点.广东女子曲棍球运动员屈伸肌发展比较协调,但同名肌发展失衡较普遍,可能是导致曲棍球运动员膝关节损伤高发病率的原因之一.     

女子曲棍球运动员专项体能训练方法的探讨

曲棍球运动是以速度为主,兼有速度耐力和耐力性的项目。运动生物化学的研究表明,ATP—CP供能系统贮备的能量在理论上可维持最大强度运动6秒～8秒。虽然曲棍球运动员在比赛时持续活动的时间主要分布在10秒以内、11秒～20秒和27秒～40秒的时间区间,从供能特点来看,主要是无氧代谢     

从生化角度浅议曲棍球运动员的无氧耐力训练

近几年来,曲棍球运动发展迅速,在奥运会上亚洲曲棍球已经不在占据优势,规则不断更新,使原有就很快的攻防转换速度又提高一步,今年又取消越位,这又对运动员的体能提出更高的要求。以曲棍球运动项目的能量系统分配看,磷酸原糖     

专项速度对女子花样滑冰联合旋转动作的影响分析与强化策略

联合旋转技巧是制约我国花样滑冰女子单人滑项目技术发展的主要因素,以提高我国女子花样滑冰水平为出发点,研究女子花样滑冰专项速度对联合旋转动作的影响。重点通过观测法,对11名青少年女子花样滑冰运动员的联合旋转成绩进行统计,深入剖析助滑速度、角速度和水平速度对联合旋转动作的影响,得出从直线滑行到完成旋转动作,较快的助滑速度、角速度和水平速度分别能在不同阶段提高旋转动作的质量。并提出符合花样滑冰技术特点的专项速度训练方法,帮助运动员更好地完成联合旋转动作,促进我国花样滑冰女子单人滑运动成绩的提高。     

对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究

越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。     

Changes in repeated-sprint performance in relation to change in locomotor profile in highly-trained young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r² = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r² = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r² = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance.     

论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育

新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。     

武汉市城镇居民体育消费现状的调查与分析

运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。     

2004年上海市竞技体育后备人才运动成绩比较分析

运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。     

Physiotherapy in Critical Care in Australia

A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care     

Changes in leg kinematics in response to unpredictability in lateral jump execution

Abstract

Lateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury.     

“体育强市”视域下上海市公共体育服务研究

公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制.     

论面向21世纪高等医学院校的体育改革

面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。