核盘菌多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因的克隆及hpRNAi载体的构建

多聚半乳糖醛酸酶是核盘菌致病力发挥作用的关键酶。本研究用PCR的方法从核盘菌基因组DNA中扩增出多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG5）基因片段,再以扩增出的PG5基因片段作为模板设计引物扩增出一个相应较小的片段。将两个PG5基因片段反向插入到植物表达载体2300 sn的35S启动子和nos终止子之间,构建出可转录表达出发夹RNA结构的组成型油菜RNA干扰载体,为今后油菜利用RNA干扰抗菌核病的基因工程研究奠定了基础。     

甘蓝型油菜核不育利用技术研究及赣油杂3号、赣油杂6号的选育

<正>主要完成人:宋来强、陈伦林、涂金星、邹晓芬、邹小云等主要完成单位:江西省农业科学院作物研究所、华中农业大学该项目属于农业科学技术领域。针对江西等长江中游区油菜生产存在的"优质与高产、高产与高油"的矛盾,通过研究与综合应用两个甘蓝型油菜核不育系统,创新育种思路,完善技术体系,选育出一批油菜核不育系和杂交品种,较好地解决了育种与生产存在的主要技术难题,为江西及长江中游区油菜生产的品种更新换代发挥了重要作用。主要技术内容和经济指标如下:     

欧洲油菜（Brassica napus L.）的观赏性育种和园艺应用（综述）

本文通过对传统生产栽培品种欧洲油菜（Brassica napus）的育种及观赏价值的评估,着重对其生物学特性的改变提出可实施的技术手段,旨在通过基因操纵技术、育种技术等的应用达到提高传统欧洲油菜（B.napus）的观赏特性,创造出新型的园艺品种以补充园林植物的数量与质量。其观赏性状的改变包括：花瓣数量的改变、花瓣大小的改变及植株高度的改变;应用的技术手段包括：基因修饰、杂交育种、选择育种、诱变育种等。     

油菜遗传育种专家侯国佐

侯国佐,贵州省油菜遗传育种专家。1941年出生于遵义,1964年毕业于贵州农学院。 侯国佐从助研到研究员,从普通科技人员到研究室主任、油科所所长、贵州油研种业有限公司董事长,在愈花甲之年携近40载科研及推广成果,将油菜遗传育种研究及种子产业化开发,推向了贵州省农业科研的前端。     

陕西科学家培育出含油量高达60％左右的油菜籽

据东方网2009年4月17日消息,2009年4月16日,陕西省杂交油菜研究中心李殿荣研究员领导的油菜育种项目——“甘蓝型油菜特高含油量育种技术研究与资源创新”成果鉴定会传出了一个让人震惊的消息,由全国十多个大学和科研单位专家组成的以中科院院士傅廷栋和官春云为主任委员的鉴定委员会认为：“课题组成功选育出一批含油量50％上下的具有不同遗传背景、性状稳定的甘蓝型油菜宝贵种质材料,其中6份的含油量达55％以上,2份在甘肃种植后测得含油量达到60％左右。”     

植物抗菌基因工程的研究策略及进展

植物抗菌基因工程是目前植物抗病育种的热点之一，本就近几年植物抗菌基因工程中植物抗病基因，病原菌无毒基因，植物防卫基因，抗菌蛋白基因等的利用策略及进展作一评述。     

傅氏波里马——记中国工程院院士、著名油菜专家傅廷栋教授

傅廷栋,1938年生,华中农业大学教授,油菜育种专家。中国工程院院士。20世纪70年代初他在世界上最早发现甘蓝型油菜波里马Pollma细胞质雄性不育,并率先进行深入系统的理论和应用研究,其研究的深度与广度均处于国际领先水平。1991年获国际油菜咨询机构GCIRC“杰出科学家”奖章,成为世界上第二个获此奖者,1993年被选为该机构惟一的中国籍理事。历任全国青联第五届委员、常委;农业部油菜生产顾问、全国杂交油菜协会副理事长、华中杂交油菜研究中心主任、华中农大作物遗传所所长等职。     

油菜菌核病及抗病研究进展

本文通过对油菜菌核病的研究现状、抗油菜菌核病的研究状况及其展望的介绍．综述了油菜菌核病的病原真菌的形态特征、侵染部位及生态条件、侵染机理及过程。提出了对油菜菌病进行生物防治．对寄主进行选育抗病品种和有条件的通过基因工程．将抗病基因介导或转化到寄主细胞中．使基因重组产生异植株防治该病。     

油菜菌核病及抗病研究进展

本文通过对油菜菌核病的研究现状、抗油菜菌核病的研究状况及其展望的介绍,综述了油莱菌核病的病原真菌的形态特征、侵染部位及生态条件、侵染机理及过程.提出了对油菜菌病进行生物防治.对寄主进行选育抗病品种和有条件的通过基因工程,将抗病基因介导或转化到寄主细胞中,使基因重组产生异植株防治该病.     

油菜不同部位每角粒数差异研究

对油菜不同品种相同部位以及同一品种不同部位每角粒数差异进行了研究.结果表明:不同品种间每角粒数存在显著差异,同一品种不同部位的每角粒数存在显著差异,并将其划分为多粒区、中粒区和少粒区.为品种间性状比较以及进行定位选种、留种和育种提供了参考.     

山苍子油的食用特点及氧化稳定性研究

本文选用新鲜的山苍子果实,用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取其中的山苍子油作为实验用油,通过采用Na2S2O3-I2滴定法,对山苍子油与公众最常食用的菜籽色拉油、芝麻油进行比较研究.发现在实验条件下,山苍子油的氧化稳定性不但超过菜籽色拉油,还超过氧化稳定性较强的芝麻油,其POV值在15天后才达到19.57 meq/kg.     

爱多收浸种对油菜幼苗抗盐性的效应

用爱多收浸种,在盐胁迫条件下,能显著促进油菜幼苗生长,提高叶片脯氨酸含量,降低叶片质膜透性,抗盐性明显提高。     

“Just Call the Cops:” The College Student’s Advice to the Rape Victim

Rape incidents involving college students have recently gained national attention resulting in an open debate about whether a college environment is prone to sexual violence. Although studies show that most rape victims talked to friends or relatives and that the victims took their advice for the next action, few studies have examined the type of advice given by college students. A sample of undergraduate students was provided with vignettes describing a hypothetical rape situation and a series of questions about their belief in rape myths, attitudes toward women, and their individual characteristics and backgrounds. Findings suggest that the attribution of less responsibility to the victim, an acquaintance assailant, victim resistance, a belief in egalitarian views of women, men, and African-Americans, were associated with an increased likelihood of advice to contact the police. Implications are discussed with particular attention to the college population.     

~(133)Cs胁迫对转IrrE油菜生理活性的影响

以转IrrE基因油菜为材料,以非转基因油菜为对照,砂培条件下研究了油菜对Cs的积累吸收情况和Cs胁迫对油菜SOD、POD酶活性、MDA含量及游离脯氨酸含量的影响.结果表明:随着处理浓度的增大,转基因油菜和非转基因油菜对Cs的吸收量都增大,二者根部的吸收量都大于其地上部分;转基因油菜根部的积累量大于非转基因油菜根部的量,而地上部分积累量小于非转基因油菜的含量;在不同Cs浓度的胁迫下,转基因和非转基因叶片的SOD和POD活性均呈现先升后降的趋势,4种Cs浓度处理下转基因油菜活性都高于非转基因油菜;转基因和非转基因油菜叶片的MDA含量均呈上升的趋势,但转基因油菜体内的MDA含量都低于非转基因油菜;4种处理下油菜叶片脯氨酸含量也表现出上升趋势,而转基因油菜产生的游离脯氨酸高于非转基因产生的.以上结果说明在油菜受到Cs胁迫时,转IrrE基因油菜比非转基因油菜更具有Cs胁迫耐受性.     

HIV post-exposure prophylaxis for child rape survivors in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: who qualifies and who complies?

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to audit the provision and utilization of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to child rape survivors in the Province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. METHODS: A prospective design was used to collect data from a convenience sample of 200 consecutive cases of child rape referred for medico-legal assessment to a state hospital located to the north of the City of Durban (South Africa) in the period October to December 2004. For each case, information was obtained regarding demographic characteristics of the child, the child's HIV status at presentation, any excluding factors for PEP therapy, and the extent of adherence to the antiretroviral therapy regimen. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty children (60%) qualified for PEP provision, with children being excluded because they refused initial HIV testing (1.5%), tested HIV positive at presentation (6.5%), or because of delayed (>72hour) presentation (32%). Of the 113 children who were followed through the PEP provision system, 40 (35.4%) returned for the full 28-day course, and only 4 (3.5%) returned at both 3- and 6-month follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence rates for PEP therapy following child rape in South Africa are extremely low, with low adherence rates being associated with a theoretical risk of both reduced efficacy and drug resistance. In this context, there is a need for further research designed to identify the reasons for such non-adherence as well as a need for secondary prevention programs designed to both encourage more immediate reporting of child rape and to increase adherence to the PEP regimen.     

Rape Trauma Syndrome

When the topic of sexual assault is presented in high school and college health courses, it is mostly from a prevention perspective. Rarely do such courses include the mental and emotional health issues suffered by the rape survivor. Knowledge about rape trauma syndrome helps significant people in the victim's life understand the full range of reactions to the traumatic experience of rape. This lesson describes survivors’ behaviors and reactions after a rape, otherwise known as rape trauma syndrome. Included in this lesson is the federal definition of rape, a summary of rape trauma syndrome, lyrics to a song with relevant applications to the phases of rape trauma syndrome, and a rubric for grading a reaction paper related to the lesson. Three National Health Education Standards are addressed via the lesson as well.     

The Future of College Student Mental Health Care: A SWOT Analysis

Cases of rape, particularly date rape, have reached almost epidemic proportaions on college campuses throughout the country. In this article the author describes how he extended his role as a college pscyhotherapist in order to undertake activism in behalf of college date rape victims generally. The author as activist undertook two major courses of action: (1) The author as activist undertook two major courses of action: (1) Testified to the California State Legislature in support of Assemblyman Tom Hayden's bill dealing with college date rape; and (2) Appeared on a television news program that investigated the crime of college date rape. The author later utilized a video recording of the program in conjunction with a series of lectures he conducted on his campus regarding the subject of college date rape.     

哥特式叙事方式对“强奸”隐喻化表达的实现——论托尼·莫里森的《宠儿》

莫里森通过《宠儿》这部复调式的小说,向我们揭示了在奴隶制语境中,奴隶们被强奸的历史和记忆带给他们“无法言说的”精神创伤。作者借用哥特式的叙事技巧,使“强奸”的隐喻意义得到了淋漓尽致的表达。种族至上的强势话语无疑是“强奸”隐喻的指称。     

婚内强迫性行为的定性分析

由于我国《刑法》对强奸罪的主体没有明确规定,只是在第二百三十六条规定:以暴力、胁迫或者其他手段强奸妇女的,处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。同时夫妻间又有复杂的同居关系,这就使丈夫能否成为强奸罪的主体成为一个争议。从学术界对婚内强迫性行为的几种观点出发,结合我国法律对强奸罪和家庭暴力的规定,认为丈夫的婚内强迫性行为应分情况而定,具体来说:在有瑕疵的婚姻关系中应定强奸罪,在无瑕疵的婚姻关系中应归入家庭暴力的范围由《婚姻法》调整。     

婚内强奸与妇女人权保护

婚内强奸是从古至今普遍存在的一种社会现象，婚内强奸产生的原因，是妇女与男子在人权上的不平等。建议将婚内强奸犯罪化，只有加强和完善婚内绍奸的立法和司法工作，才能切实保障妇女的权利。