The entrepreneurial university and academic discourses: The meta‐synthesis of Higher Education articles

The innovative teaching, knowledge and technology production and societal service activities of academics are largely discussed within the entrepreneurial university discourse in Higher Education journals. Therefore, this research focuses on a meta‐synthesis of Higher Education articles to better understand the concepts of the entrepreneurial university and entrepreneurial academic. After the systematic elimination based on keywords and titles, 25 articles have been selected from the top 10 Higher Education journals in the SCImago Journal Rankings. Content analysis was performed on these articles to highlight the common operational areas in entrepreneurial universities and activities of entrepreneurial academics. The meta‐synthesis shows that, both for universities and academics, entrepreneurship is overwhelmingly characterised by the commercialisation of scholarly activities that enrich institutional income revenue as well as academics’ personal income. However, such an approach can distance universities from their mission of public good; so Higher Education administrators should create mechanisms that would allow both to take place in a balanced way.     

教育目的,应从实然走向应然

教育目的是国家对培养什么样人才的总要求,具有很强的固定性,但实际上存在着“应然”和“实然”的教育目的的对立。在家庭教育、学校教育、社会教育中都不可避免地出现“实然”的教育目的,直接影响“应然”教育目的的实现,但教育目的从“实然”走向“应然”是必然的。     

Social Demand Versus Political Economy in Higher Education at the Turn of the Century Higher Education Financing: Policy Options

This article gives a broad outline of policy issues in the financing of higher education given the major quantitative expansion of higher education in recent years, its diversification, financial constraints, internationalization, democratization, globalization, regionalization, polarization, marginalization, and fragmentation. Policy options bearing these trends in mind should be judged in terms of efficiency and equity, bearing in mind such basic sources of funding as taxpayers, students, parents, and higher education institutions. Regardless of the source of funding, the single most important policy issue facing those concerned with overall policy responsibility for the operation of higher education systems is the proper formulation of the rules and mechanisms used to allocate resources from governments to institutions. The various financial mechanisms are classed according to four principal dimensions: institutional/student finance, full/partial finance, budget/formula finance, and input/output finance. Choosing the right funding formula is a complex process that is always beset with the need for trade‐offs for various reasons.     

高等数学教育中的社会思考

随着高等数学教育规模的扩大,高等数学教育研究受到更多的关注。文章从社会视角对高等数学的课堂教学活动、高等数学知识的迁移以及高等数学学习的平等性问题进行社会审视的同时,还对存在的问题提出了一些建议。     

现阶段我国社会分层与高等教育的相互关系

改革开放以后,我国原有的社会分层机制和简单的社会阶层结构都发生了巨大变化,随着改革的深入,高等教育与社会分层的相互关系日益引起人们的关注,本文将对两者的关系作一分析。     

Roles of academic department chairpersons at the university level

The study presents an attempt at investigating the role perceptions of academic chairpersons of departments at the University level, the fulfillment of these roles, and the desirability to fulfill them.A group of 90 chairpersons in six universities responded to a questionnaire that was especially developed for the present study. Factor analysis yielded five main factors: 1) Curriculum and Instruction, 2) Initiation, 3) Staff Development, 4) Democratic Leadership Style and 5) Departmental Status. Significant differences were found between the actual fulfillment and the extent of the desire to fulfill all the roles. Several background variables and role factors were found to explain the variance in chairpersons' satisfaction with role fulfillment. Findings shed some light on a relatively neglected subject - the role perceptions and satisfaction of department chairpersons. The information gained on this subject is expected to initiate attempts at making the role more satisfying in the direction desired by chairpersons.     

高等教育学应该研究什么?——二论高等教育学学科建设

高等教育既是一个系统,也是一类组织。把高等教育解读为系统,源于它具有自己独特的社会地位和作用;把高等教育解读为组织,源于它具有自己独特的组织活动和特性。在以往关于高等教育学科建设的研究中,很少有学者将作为系统的高等教育与作为组织的大学放在一起讨论,但这二者的微妙联系恰恰揭示了高等教育学学科建设的两个组成部分:高等教育作为系统的基本理论与作为组织的基本理论。当前我国高等教育研究对作为系统的高等教育研究应重在完善与更新,而对作为组织的高等教育研究应重在给予足够的重视并付诸行动。     

在吉林省高教学会第七次会员代表大会暨2010年学术年会上的致辞

尊敬的炎志副主席、秀兰副主任,尊敬的李军会长、连大厅长,尊敬的各位领导、各位同仁,大家上午好!首先热烈祝贺吉林省高教学会第七次会员代表大会暨2010年学术年会在我校隆重召开!我谨代表长春工业大学党政领导和全校师生员工,对各位领导和同仁表示诚挚的欢     

The Influence of Social Background on Application and Entry to Higher Education in Scotland: a Multi‐Level Analysis

This paper assesses the influence of social background on application and entry to higher education among Scottish school leavers using multi‐level modelling. The context for the study is long‐standing policy interest in widening access to higher education for under‐represented groups. The analysis indicates that those from less advantaged backgrounds are disadvantaged at three stages in the process of entry to higher education: qualification, application and entry. The results support the need for explanations and interventions encompassing both individual and structural levels. Government initiatives aimed at widening access are discussed in light of the findings.     

Martin Trow’s elite‐mass‐universal triptych: Conceptualising Higher Education development

Martin Trow was among the most influential scholar in Higher Education studies in the second half of the 20th century. He is best known for his conceptualisation of the development of Higher Education into three stages—elite, mass and universal systems. This article considers, first, his intellectual method and the underpinning theory (or lack of it); secondly, the extent to which his ideas, generated in the exceptional environment of post‐war America were, and are, relevant to different national contexts and in the very different environment of the 21st century; thirdly, the strengths—and weaknesses—of Trow’s conceptualisation of three stages of Higher Education development; and, finally the new lines of research suggested by an overall assessment of his work.     

论提升高等教育管理水平

高等教育管理是高等教育快速发展的保证，提升高等教育管理水平，必须创新管理理念，同时倡导人本管理、学术管理、民主管理和制度管理等多种管理方法，实施有效管理。     

社会转型时期高等教育研究的社会责任

高等教育研究的社会责任是指高等教育研究对社会经济、政治、文化的发展履行自己应尽之义务。社会转型时期,高等教育研究为经济发展、政治改革和文化繁荣提供服务,需要坚持追求真理的研究取向,探索开放多元的研究方法,强化服务实践的研究内容,弘扬批判现实的研究精神,着眼学科建设的研究特色。     

Validity of academic work indicators in the projected European Higher Education Area

The competencies achieved, the quantity and distribution of the time employed, and the activities carried out by the student are fundamental elements of the future European Higher Education Area. The present study explores, in a specific course, the current level of some indicators of such elements and their validity. The results highlight the irrelevance of the temporal aspects with respect to final performance, and the relevance of the academic work activities to performance over the length of the course. Each indicator is discussed, and it is intended to further those which result to be relevant for the success of the student in the future, and to limit those temporal elements to a mere function of organization of the universities.     

高等教育大众化与缩小社会阶层高等教育差异的研究

通过调查发现,出身于较高阶层的子女拥有较多的入学机会;公办高职院校中各阶层子女入学机会盖异最小;拥有较多家庭文化资源的子女获得更多的入学机会;改革开放近30年来,我国各阶层子女高等教育入学机会差异,伴随着高等教育从精英阶段向大众阶段发展,呈现出先扩大后缩小的基本特征。     

高教园区应促进高等教育与社会经济的协同发展

高等教育与社会经济协同发展是知识经济时代对高等教育发展的要求,也是大众化高等教育的重要特征。高教园发挥整合作用和组织作用,促进高等教育系统与社会经济系统之间加强人员和信息交流,建立相互信任,相互依赖的下校,校企关系,实现两者的协同发展。     

Domain knowledge and individual interest: The effects of academic level and specialization in statistics and psychology

Numerous research studies have highlighted the significant impact of domain knowledge and individual interest on learning. However, much of this prior research has neglected several important issues regarding the dynamic interplay of domain knowledge and individual interest both within and between domains as well as across developmental stages of learners. Situated within the Model of Domain Learning, this investigation seeks to respond to those issues. We studied the scores of 267 undergraduate and graduate students representing a variety of majors and programs. Results indicate that domain knowledge and individual interest are related differently for the domains of statistics and psychology. Further, findings indicate that when examining multiple domains of learning (e.g., statistics and psychology), the relationship between domain knowledge and interest changes as an artifact of both students’ academic level of preparation in undergraduate and graduate programs and their academic specialization. Based on these results, we offer implications for future research.     

The hiring of academic administrators since the 1972Higher Education Guidelines

With the announcement of the 1972Higher Education Guidelines, colleges and universities were mandated to expand recruitment activities beyond the usual network approach. The intent of theGuidelines was to broaden the search process with the ultimate goal of placing more candidates from underrepresented populations. The purpose of this study was to determine if any change occurred in hiring practices and, particularly, if any change occurred in the hiring of candidates from underrepresented populations for select academic administrative positions in four-year colleges and universities as advertised in theChronicle of Higher Education during the period from 1972 to 1976. It was found that changes in recruitment had taken place but that changes in hiring appeared not to have occurred.