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1.
Integrating experiences with music in the early childhood classroom supports English language learners’ literacy development
(Peregoy and Boyle, Reading, writing, and learning in ESL. Pearson, Boston, 2008; Saricoban and Metin, Songs, verse and games
for teaching grammar. Internet TESL J, 2000). This article describes the benefits of incorporating musical experiences into
daily instruction and provides practical activities for classroom implementation, e.g., reading, writing, and singing songs
for language skill development, reading fluency, and writing progress. Despite a teacher’s level of aesthetic appreciation
and musical training, the value of fostering creativity and enhancing literacy instruction through music is vital in today’s
diverse early childhood classrooms. Music can transform classrooms into positive learning environments where children thrive
academically, socially, and emotionally. Providing children with structured and open-ended musical activities, creating an
atmosphere of mutual trust and respect, and sharing the joy of creativity with each other all are foundational to bases for
the growth and development of the early childhood learner. 相似文献
2.
Piracetam, a new drug which is thought to enhance learning and memory consolidation, was given in a 3300 mg daily dose to
half of a group of fifty-five (55) dyslexic boys aged eight to thirteen years in a twelve week, double-blind, placebo controlled
study. All subjects met stringent criteria, including: normal intelligence, normal educational opportunities, no severe emotional
problems, no neurological handicaps, good physical health, not taking other psychotropic medication, and scoring at least
1 1/2 years below their mental age equivalent on the Gilmore Oral Reading Test. The children’s perceptual, language, and memory
skills were examined and their reading, spelling, and writing abilities were measured using standardized instruments. Compared
to the placebo control group, individuals treated with Piracetam showed statistically significant improvements above their
baseline scores on measures of effective reading accuracy and comprehension, reading speed, and writing accuracy. The medication
was extremely well tolerated, and all medical examinations showed no untoward effects. These results encourage further study
of Piracetam’s potential as an adjunct for the clinical remediation of dyslexia. 相似文献
3.
Literacy development in successful men and women with dyslexia 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Rosalie P. Fink 《Annals of dyslexia》1998,48(1):311-346
To investigate how, when, and under what conditions individuals with dyslexia manage to develop high literacy levels, an interview
and literacy assessment study was conducted with 60 highly successful men and women with dyslexia and 10 peers without dyslexia.
The sample with dyslexia included a Nobel laureate, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and leaders in a variety
of fields requiring extensive reading (i.e., medicine, law, business, and the arts and sciences).
For both males and females with dyslexia, interest-driven reading was key to the development of high literacy levels. Results
showed distinct groups of successful professionals with dyslexia: a compensated group and two partially compensated groups.
In each group, literacy development was augmented by avid reading in a content area of passionate personal interest, along
with systematic phonics instruction. Through avid reading on a specific topic, the individuals with dyslexia developed knowledge
of the specialized vocabulary, typical text structures, concepts, themes, and issues of a particular field. Extensive reading
about a favorite subject enhanced the background knowledge of these individuals and enabled them to gain reading practice,
which in turn, fostered the development of reading fluency and increasingly sophisticated skills. Although topics and genres
of personal interest varied, fascination with a subject area was a common theme among those interviewed.
In the literacy assessment, the 60 men and women with dyslexia demonstrated most of the salient characteristics of Chall’s
(1983) Stage 5, the highest level of reading development. All participants comprehended sophisticated text, but some, with
partially compensated dyslexia, showed continuing lags in basic, lower level “print” skills. Individuals with partially compensated
dyslexia fell into two groups: one group showed specific deficits only in spelling, whereas the other group had difficulty
in spelling, word recognition, and oral reading. Many, but not all, of the participants with dyslexia showed ongoing lags
in reading rate. Gender differences were most apparent in topics of personal interest reading and in mentoring patterns.
The study explores how adults with dyslexia, who may continue to lack strong integration of lower level “print” skills, succeed
in constructing higher order “meaning” skills. This analysis underscores the need for a balanced approach to literacy instruction
that includes both “print” and “meaning” aspects. It emphasizes the need to integrate solid interest-based approaches as a
centerpiece of instruction. 相似文献
4.
The question posed in the current study is whether software alone is a sufficient tool for supporting young children’s emergent
writing. We researched the effect of reading an electronic book (e-book) on kindergarten children’s emergent word writing
with and without adult support. Ninety-six 5 to 6 years old children from low socioeconomic status (SES) families were randomly
assigned to one of three groups (32 children each): (1) independently reading the e-book; (2) reading the e-book with adult
support; (3) receiving the regular kindergarten program (control). Each intervention group received four e-book reading sessions.
The children’s emergent literacy was assessed before and after the intervention and included letter-name recognition, phonological
awareness and emergent word writing. Reading the e-book with adult assistance supported the children’s phonological awareness
and emergent word writing more significantly than reading the e-book without support and more than the control group. Reading
the e-book without adult support did not differ from the control group. Furthermore, the children’s initial emergent literacy
level and reading the ebook with adult assistance contributed the most to the children’s emergent word writing. Educational
implications are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Louise Young Karen B. Moni Anne Jobling Christinavan E. Kraayenoord 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2004,51(1):83-97
There is limited information available related to the literacy skills of adults with intellectual disabilities. In this project, information was collected about the contexts, current practices, and clients' abilities in literacy in two community‐based disability service programs. Individual assessments were undertaken to collect details of the current literacy levels of adults with intellectual disabilities in day program settings. These assessments focused on receptive language, reading at the letter, word and sentence level, writing vocabulary and connected text, and literacy preferences. Audits were also conducted related to the provision of opportunities for clients accessing these services to engage with literacy including environmental print. Structured day program activities were observed to gather information about current literacy teaching and learning. Implications of the research findings and suggestions for provision of literacy education in these settings are discussed. 相似文献
6.
The United States’ National Institute for Literacy’s (NIFL) review of adult literacy instruction research recommended adult
education (AE) programs assess underlying reading abilities in order to plan appropriate instruction for low-literacy learners.
This study developed adult reading ability groups using measures from power tests and speeded tests of phonemic decoding,
word recognition, fluency, and comprehension. A multiple cluster analysis of these reading ability scores from 295 low-literacy
AE participants yielded seven reading ability groups. These groups are described in terms of instructional needs relevant
to an instructor’s planning and activities. 相似文献
7.
Are preservice teachers prepared to teach struggling readers? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Reading disabilities such as dyslexia, a specific learning disability that affects an individual’s ability to process written
language, are estimated to affect 15–20% of the general population. Consequently, elementary school teachers encounter students
who struggle with inaccurate or slow reading, poor spelling, poor writing, and other language processing difficulties. However,
recent evidence may suggest that teacher preparation programs are not providing preservice teachers with information about
basic language constructs and other components related to scientifically based reading instruction. As a consequence preservice
teachers have not exhibited explicit knowledge of such concepts in previous studies. Few studies have sought to assess preservice
teachers’ knowledge about dyslexia in conjunction with knowledge of basic language concepts. The purpose of the present study
was to examine elementary school preservice teachers’ knowledge of basic language constructs and their perceptions and knowledge
about dyslexia. Findings from the present study suggest that preservice teachers, on average, are able to display implicit
skills related to certain basic language constructs (i.e., syllable counting), but fail to demonstrate explicit knowledge
of others (i.e., phonics principles). Also, preservice teachers seem to hold the common misconception that dyslexia is a visual
perception deficit rather than a problem with phonological processing. Implications for future research as well as teacher
preparation are discussed. 相似文献
8.
This study investigated the relationship between family factors and students’ scientific literacy performance in Hong Kong,
which has excelled in science performance in previous international studies. Data were obtained from the 2006 Programme for
International Student Assessment. Multilevel analysis was used to examine the relationship between parental involvement and
investment and students’ scientific literacy performance. It was found that students’ scientific literacy performance, which
was measured by their science achievement and self-efficacy towards science, were significantly associated with certain types
of parental investment and involvement even after controlling background factors of both students and schools. Parental investment
in cultural resources and parental involvement in terms of organising science learning enrichment activities at an early age
were found to be significantly associated with students’ scientific literacy performance. Activities that could be provided
at an early age (e.g. watching TV programmes about science, reading books on scientific discovery, watching, reading or listening
to science fictions) were found to be highly effective activities for promoting children’s science achievement and self-efficacy. 相似文献
9.
Robert J. Anthony Christine D. Tippett Larry D. Yore 《Research in Science Education》2010,40(1):45-64
Science literacy leading to fuller and informed participation in the public debate about science, technology, society, and
environmental (STSE) issues that produce justified decisions and sustainable actions is the shared and central goal of the
Pacific CRYSTAL Project. There is broad agreement by science education researchers that learners need to be able to construct
and interpret specific scientific discourses and texts to be literate in science. We view these capabilities as components
in the fundamental sense of science literacy and as interactive and synergetic to the derived sense of science literacy, which
refers to having general knowledge about concepts, principles, and methods of science. This article reports on preliminary
findings from Years 1, 2, and 3 of the 5-year Pacific CRYSTAL project that aims to identify, develop, and embed explicit literacy
instruction in science programs to achieve both senses of science literacy. A community-based, opportunistic, engineering
research and development approach has been utilized to identify problems and concerns and to design instructional solutions
for teaching middle school (Grades 6, 7, and 8) science. Initial data indicate (a) opportunities in programs for embedding
literacy instruction and tasks; (b) difficulties generalist teachers have with new science curricula; (c) difficulties specialist
science teachers have with literacy activities, strategies, genre, and writing-to-learn science tasks; and (d) potential literacy
activities (vocabulary, reading comprehension, visual literacy, genre, and writing tasks) for middle school science. Preinstruction
student assessments indicate a range of challenges in achieving effective learning in science and the need for extensive teacher
support to achieve the project’s goals. Postinstructional assessments indicate positive changes in students’ ability to perform
target reading and writing tasks. Qualitative data indicate teachers’ desire for external direction and the need for researchers
to expand the literacy framework to include oral discourse. A case study of teachers’ use of a specific literacy task and
its influence on students revealed indications of robustness and effectiveness. Experiences revealed procedural difficulties
and insights regarding community-based research and development approaches. 相似文献
10.
This paper reports on the way in which a teacher led the literacy development of two students who were nonreaders and nonwriters. The two students received instruction in a special education room for students with learning disabilities. The teacher implemented an integrated instructional program in reading and writing that was designed to: (a) embed literacy instruction in meaningful and purposive activities, (b) respond to the needs, capabilities and interests of learners, and reflect their zones of proximal development, (c) promote self-regulated learning, and (d) foster students' membership in a literacy community. This paper focuses on the strategies the teacher used to mediate reading and writing development and the effects of the strategies on the narrative and expository writing performance of her students. 相似文献
11.
Kindergarten reading and writing curricula in the European Union 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Eufimia Tafa 《Literacy》2008,42(3):162-170
The aim of this study was to examine whether the current literacy programmes in European Union kindergarten curricula support and enhance young children's reading and writing development. This study investigated whether the kindergarten curricula of 10 European countries: Britain, Belgium, France, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain and Sweden set appropriate goals for young children's acquisition of literacy, provide methodological guidelines that support children's active engagement in reading and writing activities, provide a print‐rich classroom environment, emphasise the communicative nature of reading and writing and use play in the learning process. The comparative data analysis showed that European kindergarten curricula seem to support and enhance young children's reading and writing development, and that early literacy acquisition is based on the principles of the new perspective of the emergence of literacy. 相似文献
12.
The interaction between dyslexia and its secondary emotional problems, especially those arising from unproductive defenses,
is illustrated in the history and successful treatment of an adult dyslexic male. At the start of treatment, the 33-year-old
subject was illiterate, despite an average IQ and a history of many previous educational and therapeutic interventions. Psychological
problems, including low self-esteem, alcohol abuse, temper outbursts, and poor relationships with women were seen as largely
secondary to the subject’s learning problem. A review of the treatment, consisting of remediation concurrent with psychodynamic
psychotherapy, reveals specific ways in which these emotional problems hindered educational efforts, as well as ways in which
their exploration and resolution in psychotherapy helped the remediation. Similarly, ways in which the subject’s learning
problem contributed to the development of his emotional problems are discussed. Finally, with reference to the psychoanalytic
concept of sublimation, the relationship between improvement in the subject’s reading skill and improvement in his impulse
control is described. 相似文献
13.
《Early education and development》2013,24(4):289-300
A preliminary study was conducted to investigate the literacy experiences of preschoolers in Head Start and early childhood special education (ECSE) class- rooms. Two groups of teachers (10 Head Start teachers and 20 ECSE teachers) completed surveys that gathered information relative to the literacy activities occurring in their classrooms, the priority given reading and writing goals, and their attitudes about the literacy development of their students. The results indicated similarities between the two groups of teachers regarding the relatively low priority placed on reading and writing goals at preschool, and the ways in which children were involved in reading activities. The two groups differed in their use of supportive interactions during TV viewing-and writing/drawing activities, and the expectations the teachers held for the children's future literacy abilities. The need for further research describing emerging literacy practices with at-risk and disabled groups of children is discussed. 相似文献
14.
Charles Haynes Ed.D. Pamela Hook Ph.D. Paul Macaruso Ph.D. Etsuko Muta M.Ed. Yoichi Hayashi M.A. Junko Kato M.D. Tokuko Sasaki M.Ed. 《Annals of dyslexia》2000,50(1):213-238
This study compared U.S. and Japanese grade school teachers’ perceptions of the strengths and weaknesses of children in their
classrooms identified as fitting commonly used criteria for a learning disability. U.S. teachers identified 4.0 percent of
their children as meeting the criteria and Japanese teachers identified 1.5 percent. The teachers then rated these children’s
abilities in the areas of listening, speaking, reading/writing, reasoning, mathematics, social, and study skills. Overall,
U.S. and Japanese teachers’ rating patterns were similar on 70 percent of the skills. In most areas where significant differences
were found—listening, speaking, reading/writing and study skills—U.S. teachers rated higher percentages of their children
as “weaker” than Japanese teachers. A noteworthy exception was the area of social skills where Japanese children received
higher percentages of “weak” ratings. U.S. and Japanese teachers also differed in their perceptions of causative factors leading
to their children’s learning difficulties. We discuss the findings in terms of U.S.-Japanese differences in writing systems
and cultural expectations. 相似文献
15.
Educational reform policies such as the No Child Left Behind Act continue to place great demands on teachers. Additionally,
educational reform policies such as this imply the need for continuous professional development activities that enhance teacher
qualifications, especially for practicing teachers. This study examined the effectiveness of a nation-wide mentor-coach initiative
towards enhancing teacher pedagogy and its effect on children’s literacy performance. Forty-four Head Start teachers and classrooms
were examined. Results indicated that reading and writing scores benefited significantly more when teachers participated in
the mentor-coach initiative. These findings suggest that professional development activities such as mentor-coach initiatives,
if offered appropriately, can enhance children’s academic performance. 相似文献
16.
17.
The purpose of this cross-case analysis is to illustrate how and why literacy was incorporated into science teaching and learning in three secondary classrooms. Research questions guiding the analysis include: (a) How were literacy events shaped by the teachers' philosophies about teaching science content and teaching students? and (b) How was literacy (reading, writing, and oral language) structured by the teachers and manifested in science lessons? The methodology of ethnography and the theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism were employed in the three studies on which the cross-case analysis was based. The researchers assumed the role of participant observers, collecting data over the period of 1 year in each of the three classrooms. Data, in the form of fieldnotes, interviews, and artifacts, were collected. In each study, data were analyzed using the constant comparative method (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) to determine patterns in the teachers' beliefs about learning and how these influenced their choice of literacy activities. The cross-case analysis was conducted to determine patterns across the three teachers and their classrooms. The findings from this analysis are used to compare how the teachers' philosophies of teaching science and their beliefs about how students learn influenced their use of literacy practices during lessons. Specifically, each teacher's use of literacy activities varied based on his or her beliefs about teaching science concepts. Furthermore, reading, writing, and oral language were important vehicles to learning science concepts within daily classroom activities in the three classrooms. 相似文献
18.
Marina L. Puglisi Charles Hulme Lorna G. Hamilton Margaret J. Snowling 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2017,21(6):498-514
The home literacy environment is a well-established predictor of children’s language and literacy development. We investigated whether formal, informal, and indirect measures of the home literacy environment predict children’s reading and language skills once maternal language abilities are taken into account. Data come from a longitudinal study of children at high risk of dyslexia (N = 251) followed from preschool years. Latent factors describing maternal language were significant predictors of storybook exposure but not of direct literacy instruction. Maternal language and phonological skills respectively predicted children’s language and reading/spelling skills. However, after accounting for variations in maternal language, storybook exposure was not a significant predictor of children’s outcomes. In contrast, direct literacy instruction remained a predictor of children’s reading/spelling skills. We argue that the relationship between early informal home literacy activities and children’s language and reading skills is largely accounted for by maternal skills and may reflect genetic influences. 相似文献
19.
David W Chan Connie Suk‐han Ho Suk‐man Tsang Suk‐han Lee Kevin K. H. Chung 《Educational studies》2007,33(2):249-265
Based on the data of the normative study of the Hong Kong test of specific learning difficulties in reading and writing, and the Test of visual‐perceptual skills (non‐motor)—Revised, 99 children aged between 6 and 10½ years were identified as children with dyslexia out of the normative sample of 690 children. By excluding 12 children known to score below average in IQ, 87 children, including 20 children not tested for IQ, could be regarded as children with dyslexia, yielding a prevalence rate of 12.6% and a boy:girl gender ratio of 1.6 to 1. The figures would become 9.7% and 2.0 to 1 if the 20 children were omitted from computation. However, gender imbalance could not be readily explained by gender differences in reading‐related cognitive abilities, as there were only minor and subtle differences. Regression analyses to evaluate the relative contribution of different cognitive abilities to reading and writing suggested that orthographic knowledge and naming speed were most important among children with dyslexia. Implications of the findings and the need for early intervention are discussed. 相似文献
20.
In a 5-year longitudinal study of typical literacy development (Grades 1–5 or 3–7), relationships were examined between (a) parental responses to questionnaires about home literacy activities and ratings of children’s self-regulation at home, both completed annually by the same parent, and (b) children’s reading and writing achievement assessed annually at the university. Higher reading and writing achievement correlated with engaging in more home literacy activities. Parental help or monitoring of home literacy activities was greater for low-achieving than for high-achieving readers or writers. Children engaged more minutes per week in reading than writing activities at home, but parents provided more help with writing and reported computers were used more for homework than for school literacy instruction. Parental ratings of self-regulation of attention remained stable, but executive functions—goal-setting, hyperactivity, and impulsivity—tended to improve. Results are translated into consultation tips for literacy learning and best professional practices. 相似文献