格里格报告档案鉴定方法述评

为从历史角度了解当代英国的档案鉴定实务,从格里格报告中档案鉴定方法提出的历史背景入手,阐述格里格报告中重新解读“黄金原则”“历史标准”的使用策略和鉴定时间方案的调整等鉴定策略,得出其在“行政标准”使用具体化、理论与实践相结合、代表同期主流档案鉴定方法三个层面所表现出的价值,总结英国国家档案馆在现阶段应用格里格系统时所做出的调整策略。     

档案宏观职能鉴定中国家性与社会性的思辨

[目的/意义]宏观职能鉴定通常被认为是档案鉴定由“国家模式”走向“社会模式”的转变,从哲学基础、鉴定客体和价值追求来看,档案宏观职能鉴定的真正内核无疑是反映和尊重“社会”,但其是否为完全的“社会模式”、是否实现“知行合一”却有必要作进一步探析。[方法/过程]分别以“国家性”和“社会性”作为基本考察对象,分析阐述宏观职能鉴定对于两者的体现情况与程度。[结果/结论]宏观职能鉴定存在“国家性”有余而“社会性”不足的问题,若欲真正实现档案鉴定向社会模式转变的目标,应当将宏观鉴定与微观鉴定相搭配,将“自上而下”和“自下而上”的鉴定路径相结合,同时在鉴定时划分正式场域与非正式场域。     

浅谈“三个体系”建设对档案鉴定工作的影响

"三个体系"建设的提出是档案部门落实科学发展观的重要举措,对档案鉴定工作产生重大的影响,也将促使档案鉴定的工作思路、工作重点、工作方法等方面的转变和创新。本文主要阐述"三个体系"建设对档案鉴定工作的影响和当前如何开展档案鉴定工作。     

用鉴定思想引领档案基础业务工作——兼谈零散文件材料的整理方法

文章从谈整理鉴定收集进馆零散文件材料的方法入手,以及对档案鉴定工作的认识和理解,阐述了用鉴定思想引领各项档案基础业务工作,提高做好档案基础业务工作的主动性,避免或减少工作的被动性。     

Recordkeeping metadata and archival description: a revisit

Metadata go through an evolutionary process from creation to archival preservation. During this process, some metadata are re-used (inheritance), other metadata are eliminated (extinction) and still others are updated or newly generated (mutation). Unlike other literature that focuses on metadata inheritance and mutation, this evolutionary view highlights the extinction of metadata. As such, it might raise awareness about the appraisal and selection of metadata in digital curation practice.     

双重价值论面临的挑战与档案价值理论的重构

档案进入数据态管理模式,需要新的档案价值鉴定体系.在概述谢伦伯格文件双重价值理论的核心要点的基础上,分析档案管理模式改变、信息公开、电子文件以及档案数据对双重价值理论时序性假设和方便利用等假设的冲击,反思双重价值理论在信息时代存在的合理性.从多元性角度重构档案价值理论,提出档案价值多元模型、档案多元价值变化时间模型,对...     

社会记忆理论视角下档案鉴定的本质回归与理论突围

档案价值鉴定论作为档案鉴定理论是诞生以来认可最普遍的档案学思想,从档案的保存价值、价值判别主体、判别标准、价值内容等多个方面,逐步揭示了档案鉴定的一般规律,在中外档案鉴定的历史实践和现实工作中得到普遍遵循。但是,价值鉴定论把档案的“保存价值”建立在档案“未来用户需求”的基础上,不仅超出了档案工作者的能力极限和实践操作的可行性,而且使档案鉴定陷入“主观臆测”的悖论。对此,档案鉴定应立足于鉴定环节的基本职能,从档案作为“社会记忆”的本质出发,以档案的社会记忆作用为鉴定依据和标准,判别文件的“保存价值”,从主客体和主客观方面建构档案记忆鉴定理论。     

面向公众需求的档案服务绩效评估——基于绩效棱柱的评估模型构建与运行

国家档案局提出“三个体系”,要求档案部门采取措施,切实满足公众的档案需求.面向公众需求的档案服务的顺利开展和不断发展,需要对其进行绩效评估,不断地改进档案服务工作.本文试图将管理学中的绩效棱柱法引进档案服务工作领域,借鉴绩效棱柱法的理念与架构,创立符合档案服务工作实际的绩效评估体系,进而以合理有效的绩效评估结果,来促进...     

大数据环境下电子文件鉴定研究

本文采用文献研究法、理论构建法对大数据环境下电子文件鉴定面临的问题进行探索,构建适应大数据环境的电子文件鉴定理论与方法.在大数据环境下,传统鉴定理论和方法受到较大冲击,电子文件鉴定的发展呈现多元价值取向、功能拓展、方式转变等特点.在大数据环境下,电子文件鉴定需要综合考虑文件管理与存储的成本衡量、价值判断、风险控制、安全保护等多重因素.     

论我国档案鉴定工作之“销毁鉴定”

我国档案鉴定理论研究与实际工作严重脱节,档案鉴定工作缺乏科学、具体的理论指导。针对这一情况,笔者从分析档案鉴定相关概念的内涵出发,结合国内外档案鉴定工作实践,提出解决我国档案鉴定问题的关键在于彻底废除档案鉴定工作3个阶段中的“销毁鉴定”之主张,以求教于档案界同仁。     

四个范式:欧洲档案学的观念和战略的变化——1840年以来西方档案观念与战略的变化

本报告首先梳理了西方档案理论与档案史,探讨了那些激发档案专业思想、战略及方法的概念,其次又着重阐述了档案鉴定这个由档案工作者从人类文献记录中挑选出很小比例作为档案长久保存的过程。19世纪至今的档案工作者对其工作、职能、活动及社会作用的认识经历了(或者说显示了)四个大的思想框架(或范式),探讨和了解这个背景可以让我们更好地认识和应对我们现在所处的这个数字时代的挑战。     

文献战略背景下档案鉴定主体的组成与职能

档案鉴定主体作为档案鉴定工作的组织和实施者,通过鉴定、挑选与销毁档案建构社会记忆,其组成部分及工作内容客观上反映了档案工作的思想与导向.文章通过研究文献战略中档案鉴定主体的组成与职能,并通过"密尔沃基"项目,分析文献战略的优劣势,学习先进的鉴定思想,得出了有益于我国档案鉴定工作的三点启示.     

The long-term preservation of identifiable personal data: a comparative archival perspective on privacy regulatory models in the European Union,Australia, Canada and the United States

This article analyses the extent to which archival exemptions for historical, scientific and statistical research in privacy legislation support preservation in selected European Union countries, and comparable aspects of Australian, American and Canadian law within a legal, ethical and digital archival perspective. The authors recommend that the further processing of personal data under data protection law be given a wider scope of interpretation for archival preservation purposes in both the public and private sector, coupled with the use of researcher and archival codes in relation to access to personal data. They also recommend early appraisal and integration of privacy with freedom of information and archival regimes.

数字时代的国外电子文件鉴定观及其对中国的启示

本文通过对数字环境引发的档案鉴定理论与实践调整的原因进行分析,梳理国外档案界的鉴定观,并提出对中国电子文件鉴定的启示.     

Room for archives? Use of archival materials in <Emphasis Type="Italic">No Gun Ri</Emphasis> research

Archivists have long tried to understand users from the viewpoint of their archival collections. Such an approach misses important perspectives about use in, and users of, archives; how they perform research and develop knowledge while using archives. This study aims to comprehend the use of archival materials in research from the users’ perspective. It attempts to understand users’ perceptions of the impact of archival collections on their research, how and when archival materials are involved in the research process and how much weight they grant those materials in support of their thesis, from an actual research topic, the No Gun Ri massacre. The case of the No Gun Ri incident provides a good example of how archival materials play a role in historical discussions and an opportunity to look at archival contributions. No Gun Ri researchers acknowledged that archival documents were essential source materials for details about the incident and a major player in stimulating controversies and, consequently, provided the impetus for further publications. General recordkeeping situations also provided a circumstantial context of the incident. However, No Gun Ri researchers agreed that oral history was the most valuable and influential evidence for their major ideas and used archival documents to provide hard facts about the details of oral history. There are some unique research patterns of No Gun Ri researchers identified in this study which are different from the typical assumptions of archivists.     

Contemporary Archival Diplomatics as a Method of Inquiry: Lessons Learned from Two Research Projects

This article explores the use of contemporary archival diplomatics as a method of inquiry in two recent electronic records research projects, namely,The Protection of the Integrity of Electronic Records Project (the UBC Project) and theInternational Research on the Preservation of Authentic Records in Electronic Records Systems Project (the InterPARES 1 Project). The first part of the article examines the historical and contemporary literary warrant underpinning diplomatics as a method of inquiry; the second part provides case studies of two illustrative examples of the process and results of the application of contemporary archival diplomatics in the abovementioned research projects; the third part considers the current status and possible future directions for the use of contemporary archival diplomatics as a research method and concludes with some observations about the value of multiple methods and alternative interpretive frameworks in archival research.     

Documenting Communities of Practice: Making the Case for Archival Ethnography*

This paper seeks to present a new direction for archival research: ethnographic fieldwork. The author argues that this set of qualitative methods presents new opportunities for researchers to study phenomena in archival settings. Using the author's research on competing definitions of value in the world of film preservation as a case study, this article gives readers unversed in ethnography and grounded theory a primer which may be used as a starting point for considering how to apply such qualitative methods to the design of new research agendas and to solve questions specific to the archival domain. This paper is a revised version of the methodological chapter of the author's dissertation:The Imperative to Preserve: Competing Definitions of Value in the World of Film Preservation, PhD dissertation (Los Angeles: UCLA, 2001).